Diabetes 2.0

<p>Before, during, and after exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Developing Type 2 diabetes later in life</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type 1 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type 1 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weight loss, blurred vision, and polydipsia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Frequent urination</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>a group of metabolic diseases characterized by the inability to produce sufficient insulin or use it properly, resulting in hyperglycaemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>blood glucose levels poorly managed</li> <li>diabetic ketoacidosis</li> <li>hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High blood glucose levels cause the kidneys to excrete glucose and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>headache, blurred vision, increased thirst, weakness, and fatigue. These symptoms are due to the Kidney's attempt to excrete excess glucose from the blood by increasing urination</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fasting BGL ≥ 7.0 mmol/L OGTT &gt; 11.1 mmol/L HbA1C ≥ 6.5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Is a hormone produced by the beta cells of the pancreas. It is needed by the skeletal muscles, adipose tissue, and liver to absorb and use glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CVD, microvasculardiseases, and both autonomic and peripheral neuropathy (nerve damage)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excess weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is where the body cannot effectively use insulin for the uptake of glucose into the muscle or liver. It is not a lack of insulin, its poor function of insulin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>occurs in patients whose diabetes is in poor control and in whom the amount of effective insulin is very low or absent</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, rapid or deep breathing,sweet,or fruity smelling breath</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>when the body breaks down fat for energy because of a lack of carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Elevated ketones in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ketones</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>is a metabolic process that occurs when the body breaks down fat for energy if its not getting enough CHOs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>profound and prolonged hyperglycaemia because of the Kidney's attempt to excrete excess glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>severe dehydration, excessive urination and can cause coma</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>too much insulin</li> <li>too little carbohydrate intake</li> <li>missed meals</li> <li>excessive or poorly planned exercise</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>moderate to high intensity lasting longer than 30min</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>increase insulin sensitivity</li> <li>on going glucose use. (occurs to replenish muscle and liver glycogen stores)</li> <li>physiological replacement of glycogen stores through gluconeogenesis (biosynthesis of glucose from certain non-carbohydrate carbon substrates)</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By releasing glucose-raising hormones such as glucagon, epinephrine, growth hormone, and cortisol. These hormones help increase circulating blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>they are released as blood glucose decreases to help increase circulating blood glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adrenergic and neuroglycopaenic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shakiness, weakness, sweating, nervousness, anxiety, tingling of mouth and fingers, hunger</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>headache, visual disturbances, mental dullness, confusion, amnesia, seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>decrease vasodilation, blood coagulation abnormalities, increased inflammation markers, sympathoadrenal responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>the inability to sense hypoglycaemia symptoms. It is the onset of neuroglycopaenic symptoms before the apperance of adrenergic warning symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>HU may result in many serious forms of morbidity including seizure, coma, fractures and joint dislocation and cardiac arrhythmias, and is occasionally fatal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>test blood glucose to confirm 2.consumption ~15g of CHO that contains minimal or no fat</li> <li>wait 15-20 min to allow symptoms to resolve 4.re test blood glucose levels</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>hyperglycaemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, peripheral artery disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>retinopathy (eye disease) and nephropathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weakness, numbness and pain from nerve damage, usually in the hands and feet. Legs are affected before hands. Sensory symptoms include Ps&amp;Ns and burning. Loss of sensory input to the feet can cause foot deformities affecting gait and increases risk of injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>it affects the non-voluntary, non-sensory nervous system, can affect any system of the body including the cardiovascular, respiratory, nueroendorcine, and gastrointestial.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>high resting heart rate response and abnormal blood flow response during exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acute= hypoglycaemia, hyperglycaemia, diabetic ketoacidosis, hypersomolar state Chronic= microvascular (retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy) and macrovascular(arteriosclerosis, myocardial infarction, stroke, lower extremity gangene)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased risk of stroke and cerebrovascular disease including transient ischemic attack and cognitive impairment. High BP and insulin resistance increase risk or coronary heart disease. Peripheral vascular disease resulting from narrowing blood vessels increasing risk for reduced blood flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-Polydipsia (excessive thirst) -Polyuria (frequent urination) -Polyphagia (excessive hunger) -Unexplained weight loss -Infections and cuts that are slow to heal -Blurry vision -Fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-starting blood glucose level (self monitored) -amount, type, and timing of most recent food intake -medication use and timing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>T1D is caused by alpha cell destruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It always requires insulin therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Life management strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is not influenced by genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetic Ketoacidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Too little CHO is consumed</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peripheral artery diseasse</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased epinephrine release</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>15 gram of glucose and minimal fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abnormal sensory symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High resting HR, low exercising HR</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Impaired fasting glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar non-ketotic syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers