Diabetes 2

Diabetes is a disease that affects how the body processes sugar. Type 2 diabetes is the most common and happens when the body doesn't produce enough insulin or the cells don't respond properly to it.

Having diabetes can cause different complications like high or low blood sugar levels. Low levels of blood sugar can make you feel sick and dizzy, while high levels can cause thirst, blurry vision, and even lead to a life-threatening condition called ketoacidosis. Diabetes can also damage different parts of the body like the kidneys, eyes, and feet, which can lead to things like blindness and amputations.

Type 2 diabetes is often linked with obesity and lack of exercise.

<p>The main cause of diabetes is the inability of the body to use glucose (sugar) properly. This can lead to different chemical reactions happening in the liver. Diabetes can affect different parts of the body, like the nerves, blood vessels, and retina.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetes can have a negative impact on different parts of the body, such as the nerves, blood vessels, and retina.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The article's main objective is to educate readers about diabetes. It encourages readers to learn more about this disease by checking out the recommended resources provided.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetes is a metabolic disorder resulting from insufficient insulin production or improper insulin response. Type 1 diabetes is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells, while Type 2 diabetes results from a combination of insulin resistance and reduced insulin production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperglycemia is a condition characterized by high levels of glucose in the blood. It is a common symptom of diabetes and occurs when the body fails to produce enough insulin or when cells in the body do not react to insulin properly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type 2 diabetes is strongly associated with obesity and a sedentary lifestyle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consequences of insulin dysfunction include hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia can be remedied by consuming carbohydrates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The most common complication of diabetes is diabetic retinopathy (DR), which is more common as the duration of the disease increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ketoacidosis is a life-threatening condition that occurs when there is an absence of available glucose for cells, leading to abnormal fat metabolism and a build-up of ketones and blood acidosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The body adapts to use alternative sources of energy, such as glucagon, when insulin is not working correctly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It prevents glucose from being metabolized efficiently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can lead to the generation of sorbitol by Aldose Reductase, causing depletion of NADPH, poor control of reactive oxygen species, and hypertonic conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During fasting adaptations in diabetes, the liver can produce glucose, ketone bodies, and VLDL lipoproteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type 1 diabetes usually requires insulin injections, while type 2 diabetes may require insulin medication if it becomes progressive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and controlling blood glucose levels are crucial to managing diabetes and preventing its complications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type 1 Diabetes results from pancreatic ß-cell destruction and exhibits an acute onset involving ketoacidosis, while Type 2 Diabetes occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or is resistant to insulin; it is associated with obesity and a sedentary lifestyle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Symptoms of hyperglycemia in diabetes include increased thirst, tiredness, frequent urination, and blurry vision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetic ketoacidosis can lead to acidosis, vomiting, hypotension, dehydration, and glycosuria. Atherosclerosis and other complications can arise as well.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aldose reductase generates sorbitol from glucose, which depletes NADPH and leads to hypertonic conditions in diabetes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia can lead to ketoacidosis and diabetic coma without proper treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypertension, atherosclerosis, stroke, nephropathy, peripheral neuropathy, and infections are chronic complications of diabetes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complications of diabetes can include nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, sensorimotor neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, foot ulcers, and increased risk of infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Long-term damaging effects of continual hyperglycemia in diabetes can include heart disease and stroke, nerve damage, retinopathy, kidney disease, and foot problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 'fasting mode' present in diabetes leads to the biochemical consequences of the liver producing glucose, ketone bodies, and VLDL lipoproteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers