Fungal Infections and Public Health Challenges Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What contributes to the difficulty in managing fungal infections globally?

  • Abundant availability of effective treatments
  • Decreasing prevalence of fungal infections
  • High accuracy of diagnostic tests
  • Increasing antifungal drug resistance (correct)

Which preventative measure is NOT recommended for reducing the risk of opportunistic fungal infections?

  • Routine use of antifungal prophylaxis in all hospital patients (correct)
  • Use of protective equipment in high-risk environments
  • Careful monitoring and control of blood sugar levels
  • Effective management of immunosuppressive conditions

What is a predicted outcome for fungal infections in the context of climate change?

  • Climate change has no impact on fungal infections
  • A decrease in the diversity of pathogenic fungi
  • Reduced impact of fungal infections on human health
  • An increase in the geographical range of certain fungi (correct)

What is a critical factor in the successful management of invasive candidiasis?

<p>Early diagnosis and initiation of appropriate antifungal therapy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT contribute to the difficulty in managing fungal infections globally?

<p>Surplus of effective vaccines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"What is hyalohyphomycosis?"

<p>A fungal infection that causes skin lesions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fungal infection is known for affecting the lungs and central nervous system and has a higher prevalence in immunocompromised individuals?

<p>Cryptococcosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method for diagnosing invasive aspergillosis?

<p>Microscopic examination and culture of respiratory specimens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended first-line treatment for cryptococcal meningitis?

<p>Amphotericin B plus flucytosine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which environmental condition is associated with an increased risk of Cryptococcus gattii infection?

<p>Areas with decaying wood and bird droppings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For patients with HIV, what is considered an important prophylactic measure against cryptococcosis?

<p>Prophylactic antifungal medication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which opportunistic infection showed a reduction in incidence due to the availability of HAART and national guidelines for its use?

<p>Cryptococcosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic hallmark is observed under the microscope for phaeohyphomycosis?

<p>Darkly pigmented hyphae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which environmental exposure is associated with an increased risk of phaeohyphomycosis?

<p>Decaying vegetation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is least likely to predispose a patient to hyalohyphomycosis?

<p>Healthy immune system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment of choice for severe cases of hyalohyphomycosis and phaeohyphomycosis?

<p>Antifungal agents like voriconazole or amphotericin B (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antifungal agent is known for causing renal toxicity as a major side effect?

<p>AMPHOTERICIN B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme do azole antifungal agents inhibit, leading to decreased ergosterol synthesis?

<p>14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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