Fundamentals of Nursing Ethics and Practice

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Questions and Answers

Which nursing pioneer is known for founding the modern nursing profession?

Florence Nightingale (correct)

Dorothea Lynde Dix

Lydia Hall

Lystra Eggert Gretter

What is a key ethical principle that emphasizes the need to avoid harm?

Nonmaleficence (correct)

Beneficence

Fidelity

Veracity

Which of the following is not considered a major ethical principle in nursing?

Justice

Narcissism (correct)

Altruism

Accountability

Which essential value in nursing relates to respecting moral and legal principles?

Justice (A) Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with revolutionizing health care for the mentally ill?

Dorothea Lynde Dix (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of nursing diagnosis?

Client's responses to health issues (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which step in the nursing process involves monitoring client responses?

Evaluation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of nursing diagnosis indicates a potential health issue?

Risk nursing diagnosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of planning aims to prepare the client for discharge from the healthcare facility?

Discharge planning (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of the nursing process emphasizes the importance of understanding individual client needs?

Client-centered (D) Signup and view all the answers

What can indicate a potential failure in achieving expected outcomes during the evaluation phase?

Goals and expected outcomes were unrealistic (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main responsibility of nurses during the admission process?

Physically examining clients (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT affect homeostasis in the human body?

Personal preferences (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a nurse?

Provide physical care (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to a deviation from a normal health state?

Illness (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which dimension is NOT part of the wellness model?

Cultural (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses (NACGN) founded by Mary Mahoney?

To support black women in the nursing profession (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a leading health indicator?

Immunization (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a key characteristic of empathy?

Understanding someone else’s feelings as if you experience them yourself (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT recognized in the concept of health?

Financial (B) Signup and view all the answers

What best defines wellness?

A constant state of health and self-improvement (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of hygiene?

To preserve health (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of admission typically requires urgent medical attention?

Emergency admission (D) Signup and view all the answers

Virginia Henderson's Need Theory includes which of the following components?

Eat and drink adequately (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of chronic illnesses?

They can significantly impact daily life (B) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes tertiary care from primary care?

Tertiary care involves specialized medical services (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which oxygen therapy device is designed to provide a fixed amount of oxygen during high demands?

Fixed Venturi Mask (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly depicts Maslow's hierarchy of needs relating to social connections?

Belongingness and love needs (D) Signup and view all the answers

What critical aspect differentiates acute illnesses from chronic illnesses?

Acute illnesses are usually short-term (D) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Types of Nursing Diagnoses

Actual nursing diagnoses: Possible nursing diagnoses, wellness nursing diagnoses, and collaborative problems
Risk nursing diagnoses

Steps of the Nursing Process

Assessment: Collect and organize data
Diagnosis: Analyze data, prioritize problems
Planning: Develop nursing orders
Implementation: Carry out nursing orders
Evaluation: Monitor client response

Types of Data

Subjective: Feelings, perceptions, concerns
Objective: Observable and measurable data

Medical and Nursing Diagnoses

Medical: Focuses on illness, disease, or injury; constant until patient is cured or dies
Nursing: Client's actual, potential, or health condition; issues change according to the client's response

Nurses' Responsibilities in Admission Process

Removing client's clothes
Physical examination
Assisting the client into bed
Orienting the client to the facility
Caring for the client's belongings

Evaluation

Initial assessment data were incomplete
Goals and expected outcomes were not realistic
Time frame was too optimistic

LAMA

Leave against medical advice
Client leaves facility without permission
Licensed nurse witnesses signatures

Definition of Nursing

A critical thinking process used by professional nurses to apply best available evidence in caregiving and promoting human functions and response to health and illness

Homeostasis

Regulating body temperature
Maintaining factors that affect homeostasis: genetics, physical condition, diet and nutrition, toxins, psychological health

Types and Stages of Admission

Routine admission, emergency admission
Types of illnesses: diabetes, hypertension, heart attack, road accident

Oxygen Therapy Devices

Bubble humidifier (features, common uses, low flow devices, pressure relief valve)
Adjustable venturi mask (features, oxygen concentration setting)
Oxygen recovery kit

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Self-actualization needs
Esteem needs
Belonging and love needs
Safety needs
Physiological needs

Differentiating Care Levels

Primary care: consultation with primary care provider
Secondary care: specialist, such as an oncologist
Tertiary care: in a hospital setting (such as heart surgery)
Extended care: assistance with daily living activities

Henderson's Nursing Needs Theory

Breathe normally
Eat and drink adequately
Sleep and rest
Eliminate body wastes
Dress and undress
Maintain body temperature
Maintain cleanliness and
Prevent infection,
Promote comfortable
Communicate with others
Move and maintain posture
To sleep and rest
To play and enjoy activities
To learn and grow spiritually

Health Definition

Complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease

Dimensions of Wellness

Physical, emotional, social, environmental, financial

Types of Illness (Diseases)

Infectious diseases
Non-infectious diseases

Concepts of Nursing Theory

Person
Environment
Health
Nursing

Clinical Nurse Career Ladder

Clinical support worker (CSW)
Clinical assistant practitioner (CAP)
Nursing associate (NA)
Advanced practitioner, clinical or nurse practitioner

Definition of a Nurse

A person who has completed a nursing program and has basic knowledge, education

Roles of a Nurse

Care provider, educator, manager, leader

Functions of a Nurse

Providing physical care, emotional support to sick, injured, and disabled people, helping in the education and medical students

Ethical Principles

Autonomy
Beneficence
Nonmaleficence
Veracity
Accountabililty
Justice
Fidelity

Pioneers in Nursing

Clara Barton, Mary Breckinridge, Dorothea Dix, Lystra Gretter, Lydia Hall, Florence Nightingale

Basic Values and Principles in Nursing

Justice, freedom, truth, respect, altruism, caring, compassion, honesty

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Description

Test your knowledge on the essential principles and practices of nursing, including ethical standards and the nursing process. This quiz covers influential figures in nursing history, key ethical principles, and the critical steps in patient care.