Functions and Composition of Blood
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of erythrocytes?

  • Aid in blood clotting
  • Synthesize antibodies
  • Facilitate nerve impulse transmission
  • Contribute to gas transport (correct)
  • What is the normal hemoglobin range for females?

  • 13-18 g/100ml
  • 12-16 g/100ml (correct)
  • 10-14 g/100ml
  • 15-20 g/100ml
  • Which component of hemoglobin is responsible for binding with oxygen?

  • Globin protein
  • Anucleate structure
  • Spectrin protein
  • Heme pigment (correct)
  • What effect would low iron levels have on a patient?

    <p>An increase in fatigue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of erythropoietin (EPO) in the body?

    <p>Stimulate red blood cell production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of globin in hemoglobin?

    <p>Two alpha and two beta chains (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the synthesis of EPO?

    <p>Decreased availability of O2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is 65% of iron found in the body?

    <p>Hemoglobin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of anemia?

    <p>Fatigue, pallor, dyspnea, and chills (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the life span of RBCs?

    <p>100-120 days (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of secondary polycythemia?

    <p>High altitude or increased EPO production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of vitamin B12 and folic acid in RBC production?

    <p>To synthesize DNA for developing RBCs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of EPO?

    <p>Stimulate red bone marrow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the consequences of polycythemia vera?

    <p>Excess RBCs and increased blood viscosity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when HIF accumulates in the body?

    <p>Triggers synthesis of EPO (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential outcome of an overdose of the hormone erythropoietin?

    <p>The blood viscosity increases to levels that may induce heart attacks or strokes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of vitamin B12 and folic acid in red blood cell production?

    <p>Facilitate DNA synthesis for rapidly dividing cells such as developing RBCs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by an abnormal excess of red blood cells and increases blood viscosity?

    <p>Polycythemia vera (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of secondary polycythemia caused by low oxygen levels or increased EPO production?

    <p>Abnormal excess of RBCs and increased blood viscosity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor) in response to decreased availability of oxygen?

    <p>It accumulates and triggers the synthesis of EPO (erythropoietin). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of hemoglobin?

    <p>Two alpha and two beta chains (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of spectrin in erythrocytes?

    <p>Maintains the biconcave disc shape (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of erythropoietin (EPO)?

    <p>Stimulates the production of red blood cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the release of erythropoietin (EPO) from the kidneys?

    <p>Low blood oxygen levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of erythrocytes?

    <p>Carrying respiratory gases in the blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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