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LS CH 5 Theories of Growth and Development
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LS CH 5 Theories of Growth and Development

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT one of Freud's stages of psychosexual development?

  • Oral Stage
  • Anal Stage
  • Genital Stage (correct)
  • Phallic Stage

    • According to Freud, what is the stage of psychosexual development that occurs from birth to 2 years old?

  • Oral Stage (correct)
  • Genital Stage
  • Anal Stage
  • Phallic Stage

    • According to the text, what is the stage of moral development that occurs from 4 to 10 years old?

  • Level I: Preconventional Thinking (correct)
  • Level IV: Transconventional Thinking
  • Level III: Postconventional Thinking
  • Level II: Conventional Thinking

    • Which term best describes growth and development that begins at the head of the individual and progresses downward toward the feet?

    <p>Cephalocaudal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes growth and development that progresses from the center of the body toward the extremities?

    <p>Proximodistal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of growth and development?

    <p>Occurs in an orderly pattern from simple to complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory provides the foundation from which other theories of growth and development developed?

    <p>Freud's psychoanalytical theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism operates on the conscious level?

    <p>Suppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism is used to justify or excuse undesirable actions or feelings?

    <p>Rationalization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves taking on the personality traits of another person?

    <p>Identification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves channeling unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable outlets?

    <p>Sublimation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's theory, which of the following is NOT one of the levels of awareness?

    <p>Preconscious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the functional components of the mind according to Freud's theory?

    <p>Persona</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, which component of the mind operates according to the pleasure principle?

    <p>Id</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, which component of the mind acts as a conscience and dictates right from wrong?

    <p>Superego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves replacing unacceptable feelings or thoughts with opposite feelings or thoughts?

    <p>Reaction formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to another person?

    <p>Projection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves making up for deficiencies in one area by excelling in another area?

    <p>Compensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves acting in a manner that symbolically cancels a previous unacceptable thought or action?

    <p>Undoing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage occurs during infancy?

    <p>Trust vs. mistrust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's theory focuses on gaining self-control and independence within the environment?

    <p>Autonomy vs. shame and doubt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory, which stage focuses on achieving a sense of self-confidence through learning, competing, and receiving recognition from others?

    <p>Industry vs. inferiority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of psychosexual development is characterized by the child's preoccupation with examining their genitalia and interest in sexual organs?

    <p>Phallic Stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of psychosexual development does the Oedipus complex occur?

    <p>Phallic Stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of psychosexual development is characterized by the child's sexual urges being dormant and focusing mainly on intellectual pursuits?

    <p>Latency Stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The genital stage of psychosexual development begins with the onset of _______.

    <p>puberty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, which part of the mind operates on the pleasure principle?

    <p>The id</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the functional components of the mind according to Freud's theory?

    <p>The subconscious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, which level of awareness stores memories, thoughts, and feelings that can be recalled with a little effort?

    <p>The preconscious level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, which component of the mind acts as a conscience and dictates right from wrong?

    <p>The superego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of growth and development suggests that individuals have a hierarchy of needs that must be met in order to reach self-actualization?

    <p>Human needs theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development occurs during early adulthood and focuses on forming intimate relationships with others?

    <p>Intimacy versus isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's stages of psychosexual development, which stage occurs during the ages of 6 to 12 years and is characterized by the child's ability to think logically and perform mental operations?

    <p>Latency stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes growth and development that progresses from the center of the body toward the extremities?

    <p>Proximodistal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of growth and development?

    <p>Occur in an orderly pattern from complex to simple</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, which component of the mind acts as a conscience and dictates right from wrong?

    <p>Superego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage focuses on developing a sense of purpose and the ability to initiate activities?

    <p>Initiative vs. guilt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to another person?

    <p>Projection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves acting in a manner that symbolically cancels a previous unacceptable thought or action?

    <p>Undoing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism transfers emotions associated with a person or an object to another, less threatening person or object?

    <p>Displacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves making up for deficiencies in one area by excelling in another area?

    <p>Compensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage focuses on achieving a sense of self-confidence through learning, competing, and receiving recognition from others?

    <p>School age (6–12 years)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's theory focuses on gaining some self-control and independence within the environment?

    <p>Early childhood (18 months–3 years)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage occurs during infancy?

    <p>Trust vs. mistrust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's theory of psychosexual development, which stage occurs from ages 3 to 6?

    <p>Phallic stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of psychosexual development does the child begin to see that they are separate from the mother and other objects in the environment?

    <p>Oral stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage occurs during ages 6 to about 12?

    <p>Industry vs. inferiority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to another person?

    <p>Projection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves keeping unacceptable thoughts or feelings out of one's awareness and replacing them with opposite thoughts or feelings?

    <p>Reaction formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to another person?

    <p>Projection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves making up for deficiencies in one area by excelling in another area?

    <p>Compensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves acting in a manner that symbolically cancels a previous unacceptable thought or action?

    <p>Undoing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development occurs during ages 6 to about 12?

    <p>Industry Versus Inferiority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of growth and development suggests that individuals have a hierarchy of needs that must be met in order to reach self-actualization?

    <p>Human Needs Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's theory, which component of the mind acts as a conscience and dictates right from wrong?

    <p>Superego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to another person?

    <p>Projection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves keeping unacceptable thoughts or feelings out of one's awareness and replacing them with opposite thoughts or feelings?

    <p>Reaction formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of psychosexual development does the Oedipus complex occur?

    <p>Phallic stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves making up for deficiencies in one area by excelling in another area?

    <p>Compensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's stages of psychosexual development, which stage occurs during the ages of 6 to 12 years and is characterized by the child's ability to think logically and perform mental operations?

    <p>Latency stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's theory, which part of the mind is most closely related to reality and develops as a result of the demands of the id and the forces in the environment?

    <p>The ego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's theory, which level of awareness stores memories, thoughts, and feelings that can be recalled with a little effort and brought into the conscious level?

    <p>The subconscious level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's theory, which part of the mind operates according to the pleasure principle and demands immediate satisfaction of its drives?

    <p>The id</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's theory, which part of the mind acts as a conscience, dictates right from wrong, and judges, controls, and punishes?

    <p>The superego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to another person?

    <p>Projection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves channeling unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable outlets?

    <p>Sublimation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves acting in a manner that symbolically cancels a previous unacceptable thought or action?

    <p>Undoing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves justifying or excusing undesirable actions or feelings?

    <p>Rationalization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which stage occurs from ages 2 to 7?

    <p>Preoperational stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, which stage is characterized by obedience to authority and a focus on avoiding punishment?

    <p>Preconventional stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Maslow's theory of human needs, which need is at the highest level of the hierarchy?

    <p>Self-actualization needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's psychoanalytical theory, which component of the mind operates on the reality principle and mediates between the id and the superego?

    <p>Ego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's theory of psychosexual development, which stage occurs from ages 3 to 6?

    <p>Phallic Stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage occurs during ages 6 to about 12?

    <p>Latency Stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, which part of the mind operates on the pleasure principle?

    <p>Id</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to another person?

    <p>Projection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage occurs during ages 6 to about 12?

    <p>Industry vs. inferiority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of psychosexual development is characterized by the child's preoccupation with examining their genitalia and interest in sexual organs?

    <p>Phallic stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, which component of the mind acts as a conscience and dictates right from wrong?

    <p>Superego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves keeping unacceptable thoughts or feelings out of one's awareness and replacing them with opposite thoughts or feelings?

    <p>Reaction formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage focuses on developing a sense of purpose and the ability to initiate activities?

    <p>Initiative vs. guilt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, which level of awareness stores memories, thoughts, and feelings that can be recalled with a little effort?

    <p>Preconscious mind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to another person?

    <p>Projection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's psychoanalytical theory, which component of the mind operates on the reality principle and mediates between the id and the superego?

    <p>Ego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves justifying or excusing undesirable actions or feelings?

    <p>Rationalization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's theory, which level of awareness stores memories, thoughts, and feelings that can be recalled with a little effort and brought into the conscious level?

    <p>Preconscious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Freud's psychosexual development occurs from ages 3 to 6?

    <p>Anal Stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory, which stage focuses on achieving a sense of self-confidence through learning, competing, and receiving recognition from others?

    <p>Industry Versus Inferiority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which stage occurs from ages 2 to 7?

    <p>Preoperational Stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, which stage is characterized by obedience to authority and a focus on avoiding punishment?

    <p>Level I: Preconventional Thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's psychoanalytical theory, which part of the mind operates on the pleasure principle and demands immediate satisfaction of its drives?

    <p>Id</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's psychosocial theory of development, which stage occurs during infancy?

    <p>Trust vs. Mistrust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which stage occurs from ages 2 to 7?

    <p>Preoperational stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, which stage is characterized by obedience to authority and a focus on avoiding punishment?

    <p>Preconventional morality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves acting in a manner that symbolically cancels a previous unacceptable thought or action?

    <p>Undoing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves replacing unacceptable feelings or thoughts with opposite feelings or thoughts?

    <p>Reaction formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to another person?

    <p>Projection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defense mechanism involves making up for deficiencies in one area by excelling in another area?

    <p>Compensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's theory of psychosexual development, which stage occurs from ages 3 to 6?

    <p>Phallic stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of psychosexual development does the Oedipus complex occur?

    <p>Phallic stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage occurs during infancy?

    <p>Oral stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, which component of the mind acts as a conscience and dictates right from wrong?

    <p>Superego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's theory, which part of the mind operates according to the pleasure principle and demands immediate satisfaction of its drives?

    <p>The id</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, which component of the mind acts as a conscience and dictates right from wrong?

    <p>The superego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, which part of the mind is most closely related to reality and develops as a result of the demands of the id and the forces in the environment?

    <p>The ego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's stages of psychosexual development, which stage occurs during the ages of 6 to 12 years and is characterized by the child's ability to think logically and perform mental operations?

    <p>Latency stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage occurs during late childhood?

    <p>Industry vs. inferiority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage occurs during early childhood?

    <p>Autonomy vs. shame and doubt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage occurs during infancy?

    <p>Trust vs. mistrust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage occurs during school age?

    <p>Industry vs. inferiority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage occurs during infancy?

    <p>Trust vs. mistrust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage occurs during early childhood?

    <p>Autonomy vs. shame and doubt</p> Signup and view all the answers

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