Foundations of Immunology BMS172: Complement System, Cytokines, Immunomodulation & Immune Response Events

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Which of the following is NOT a function of the complement system?

Stimulation of the inflammatory response

Lysis of target cells

Opsonization of pathogens for phagocytosis

Regulation of antibody production (correct)

Which type of cytokine is responsible for the recruitment and activation of phagocytic cells during an immune response?

Chemokines (correct)

Colony-stimulating factors

Interferons

Interleukins

Which of the following is an example of an immunosuppressive method?

Cytokine therapy

Immunotherapy

Organ transplantation (correct)

Vaccination

In the sequence of events of a prototypical immune response, which step involves the activation and proliferation of antigen-specific T and B cells?

Clonal selection and expansion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential mechanism by which the complement system can contribute to the pathogenesis of pneumococcal pneumonia?

Lysis of host cells Signup and view all the answers

Which type of adjuvant is commonly used to enhance the immunogenicity of vaccines?

Aluminum salts Signup and view all the answers

What is the probable diagnosis for the patient based on the information provided?

Complement deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying immunological mechanism behind the patient's condition?

Deficiency in both the classical and alternative pathways of complement activation Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the C1 complement component in the classical pathway of complement activation?

C1 binds to the antigen-antibody complex, leading to the activation of C2 and C4. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of C3b in the complement activation cascade?

C3b binds to C4b2b to form the C5 convertase. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a component of the complement system?

IgG Signup and view all the answers

How does the classical pathway of complement activation differ from the alternative pathway?

The classical pathway is activated by antigen-antibody complexes, while the alternative pathway is activated by microbial surfaces. Signup and view all the answers

Which cytokine is involved in the proliferation of T, NK, and B cells?

IL-2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of interferon α as mentioned in the text?

Antiviral action and increasing expression of class I MHC in all cells Signup and view all the answers

Which cytokine is used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis?

IFN-β Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of IL-4 as mentioned in the text?

B cell isotype switch to IgE and mast cell proliferation Signup and view all the answers

Which cytokine is responsible for B cell proliferation and eosinophils activation?

IL-5 Signup and view all the answers

What does immunopotentiation mean based on the text provided?

Enhancement of the immune response by increasing its rate and duration Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the membrane attack complex (MAC) formed by the complement system?

To create pores in cell membranes and induce osmotic lysis of the cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the complement system?

Providing stimuli for cytokine production Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the membrane attack complex (MAC) is homologous to the 'perforin' found in Tc and NK cell granules?

C9 Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred general term for proteins secreted by immune cells in response to microbes?

Cytokines Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of C5a, C3a, and C4a in the complement system?

To bind to receptors on neutrophils and stimulate inflammatory reactions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of cytokines?

Induce osmotic lysis of cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method of immunosuppression mentioned in the text?

Anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about cyclosporine and tacrolimus (FK-506) is INCORRECT?

Tacrolimus is more nephrotoxic than cyclosporin Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil?

They are antiproliferative drugs that inhibit purine synthesis required for cell division Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in a prototypical immune response triggered when an antigen enters the body?

APCs capture, antigen processing, antigen presentation, binding of peptide-MHC complex to TCRs, secretion of cytokines Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of corticosteroids as immunosuppressive agents?

They inhibit the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and decrease the migration of inflammatory cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about anti-IL-2 receptor antibody is CORRECT?

It inhibits T cell proliferation by blocking IL-2 binding to its receptor Signup and view all the answers

Foundations of Immunology BMS172: Complement System, Cytokines, Immunomodulation & Immune Response Events

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the complement system?

Which type of cytokine is responsible for the recruitment and activation of phagocytic cells during an immune response?

Which of the following is an example of an immunosuppressive method?

In the sequence of events of a prototypical immune response, which step involves the activation and proliferation of antigen-specific T and B cells?

Which of the following is a potential mechanism by which the complement system can contribute to the pathogenesis of pneumococcal pneumonia?

Which type of adjuvant is commonly used to enhance the immunogenicity of vaccines?

What is the probable diagnosis for the patient based on the information provided?

What is the underlying immunological mechanism behind the patient's condition?

What is the function of the C1 complement component in the classical pathway of complement activation?

What is the role of C3b in the complement activation cascade?

Which of the following is not a component of the complement system?

How does the classical pathway of complement activation differ from the alternative pathway?

Which cytokine is involved in the proliferation of T, NK, and B cells?

What is the function of interferon α as mentioned in the text?

Which cytokine is used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis?

What is the function of IL-4 as mentioned in the text?

Which cytokine is responsible for B cell proliferation and eosinophils activation?

What does immunopotentiation mean based on the text provided?

What is the primary function of the membrane attack complex (MAC) formed by the complement system?

Which of the following is NOT a function of the complement system?

Which component of the membrane attack complex (MAC) is homologous to the 'perforin' found in Tc and NK cell granules?

What is the preferred general term for proteins secreted by immune cells in response to microbes?

What is the role of C5a, C3a, and C4a in the complement system?

Which of the following is NOT a function of cytokines?

Which of the following is NOT a method of immunosuppression mentioned in the text?

Which of the following statements about cyclosporine and tacrolimus (FK-506) is INCORRECT?

What is the mechanism of action of azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil?

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in a prototypical immune response triggered when an antigen enters the body?

What is the mechanism of action of corticosteroids as immunosuppressive agents?

Which of the following statements about anti-IL-2 receptor antibody is CORRECT?

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