Found Property Management in Law Enforcement

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Questions and Answers

What should be done with valuable items found at events like festivals or concerts?

Give them to the event organizer. (correct)

Keep them with the finder until a decision is made.

Take them home for safekeeping.

Hand them to the police immediately.

After how many days will found property be disposed of if not claimed?

30 days

60 days

28 days (correct)

14 days

What is the primary reason police are encouraged to avoid retaining found property?

Most found property is of little value.

It is often illegal to do so.

It is costly and inconvenient. (correct)

Police do not have the authority to handle it.

What type of established organizations have their own procedures for found property?

Transportation companies and venues Signup and view all the answers

When can found property be accepted into police custody?

When the property is needed for police purposes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following items cannot be retained by the finder and must be passed to police?

Certain high-value items or cash Signup and view all the answers

Who should be responsible for found property in hotels or shopping centers?

A responsible person within the building Signup and view all the answers

Which Act governs the disposal of found property by police?

Police Property Act 1897 Signup and view all the answers

What must be recorded when force is used in detaining a person?

The circumstances and those present Signup and view all the answers

Under what condition may a person be required to provide fingerprints after a conviction?

They have been cautioned or convicted of a recordable offence Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum time frame within which a person must be required to attend a police station for fingerprinting after a conviction?

One month Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary job of the Fingerprint Bureau?

To identify persons using fingerprints. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes 'friction ridge skin'?

It assists in grip and is found on the palms and soles. Signup and view all the answers

What is a necessary condition for arresting a person who fails to comply with a fingerprinting requirement?

The requirement must be made within one month of conviction Signup and view all the answers

What should be documented on the custody record if a person is detained at a police station?

The reason for detention Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic definition of a fingerprint?

An impression of the ridges above the first joint of the finger. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key indicator of poor performance by investigating officers regarding property seizure?

Blindly seizing and retaining property Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fingerprint impression is taken under controlled conditions using ink?

Inked impressions. Signup and view all the answers

What does the PACE (NI) Order 1989 specify regarding electronic fingerprinting?

It requires approval from the Secretary of State Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements aligns with the requirements for fingerprinting?

Informed consent is not necessary for fingerprinting after a conviction Signup and view all the answers

How do fingerprint ridges assist the body?

They assist in gripping and enhance the sense of touch. Signup and view all the answers

How many items for chemical examination does the PSNI Fingerprint Bureau currently restrict per case?

Three Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of Livescan impressions?

They are taken electronically and transmitted to the Fingerprint Bureau. Signup and view all the answers

In a volume crime case, what is the initial limit for DNA source items set by PSNI Forensic Authorisations Unit?

One item per case Signup and view all the answers

What is essential to prove the requirement for a person to attend for fingerprinting?

A good record of when the requirement was served Signup and view all the answers

When deciding on what item to submit for examination, which factor is most important according to the guidelines?

Recovery location Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about fingerprint identification is true?

Any portion of friction ridge skin is identifiable. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the patterned areas above the first joint of the fingers and thumbs in fingerprint identification?

They are the most frequently used for identification. Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for informing the investigating officer of the results found at a crime scene?

The crime scene investigator Signup and view all the answers

What must be assumed if a firearm cannot be safely declared free from ammunition?

It must be assumed that it is loaded. Signup and view all the answers

What should the investigating officer base their decision on regarding which items to submit?

Available information and evidence Signup and view all the answers

Which role is responsible for clearing and making a firearm safe?

The Ammunition Technical Officer. Signup and view all the answers

What can allow the forensic case manager to consider additional DNA source items?

Witness testimony or CCTV evidence Signup and view all the answers

How should officers handle controlled drugs according to the guidelines?

Only possess them as authorized under the Misuse of Drugs Act. Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate action if blood is found inside a house?

Recover all available evidence as it is more compelling Signup and view all the answers

What should the description of drugs on an identification label include?

Generic descriptions such as suspect white powder. Signup and view all the answers

What basic safety measure should officers take when handling significant quantities of drugs?

Wear protective clothing and gloves. Signup and view all the answers

What is the required action for mobile phone handsets upon seizure by the officer?

They must be turned off unless there is an urgent risk to life. Signup and view all the answers

When is it appropriate to place a handset in a Faraday bag?

If it was seized under urgent risk to life. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to package mobile phones in approved cardboard boxes?

To ensure compliance with legislative requirements. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with the battery of a Blackberry device upon seizure?

It should be removed after switching off the phone. Signup and view all the answers

What effect can placing a handset in a Faraday bag have on its battery life?

The battery life diminishes rapidly. Signup and view all the answers

What is required before submitting items for forensic analysis to FSNI?

Filling in the Request for Forensic Strategy and/or Submissions form. Signup and view all the answers

Which form is used for items physically in contact with the Suspect?

FSNI B Signup and view all the answers

What should be detailed in the forms submitted to FSNI?

The relationship of the items to the investigation. Signup and view all the answers

Which form relates to items removed from a Victim or Witness?

FSNI C Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the Cyber Crime Centre regarding investigations?

Evidential examination of electronic storage media. Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT included when submitting items removed from a Suspect?

Personal belongings found in the Suspect’s house. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes FSNI E from other FSNI forms?

It relates to a continuation form for substances. Signup and view all the answers

Which item listed is NOT typically part of a forensic submission?

Possessions found in the Suspect’s car. Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances can a constable take a person's fingerprints without consent?

If the constable has reasonable suspicion the person is involved in an offence Signup and view all the answers

What must occur before a person's fingerprints are taken without consent?

The constable must inform the person of the reason Signup and view all the answers

Which condition allows a constable to doubt the name provided by a person?

The constable has reasonable grounds for doubt about the real name Signup and view all the answers

What must be recorded immediately after fingerprints are taken without consent?

The reason for taking the fingerprints Signup and view all the answers

When can fingerprints be taken without consent under Article 61?

If the constable suspects the person has committed an offence Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a person's fingerprints are required to be destroyed?

The person may witness their destruction Signup and view all the answers

Which is a requirement for a constable to take fingerprints without consent?

The person's true identity cannot be readily determined Signup and view all the answers

What should be made regarding the reason for taking fingerprints without consent?

A record must be made as soon as possible Signup and view all the answers

What is the retention period for CCTV footage related to serious crime?

100 years Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is necessary when returning a stolen item to its owner?

A statement of evidence from the owner Signup and view all the answers

When should property reviews be conducted by officers?

Regularly Signup and view all the answers

What is a common reason for clothing to be seized during an investigation?

To link a suspect from CCTV footage Signup and view all the answers

Which section of the Theft Act (NI) 1969 primarily relates to theft legislation?

Section 1-6 Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with damaged property when forensic examination is not required?

It should be photographed or copied Signup and view all the answers

What method should be used to find property attached to a specific officer in the stores system?

Detailed Find – Property – Staff # Signup and view all the answers

In terms of volume crime, what is theft classified as?

A common crime Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances can a detainee's fingerprints be taken without consent?

When the detainee has committed a recordable offence and has not had their fingerprints taken during the investigation Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a detainee has previously provided fingerprints but they are incomplete?

New fingerprints can be taken without consent if the previous set is incomplete Signup and view all the answers

What condition must an officer meet to authorize fingerprint collection from a person who has answered to bail?

There must be reasonable belief that the person is the same individual as before Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the fingerprints of a person on bail?

Fingerprints may be taken if there are grounds for not recognizing the individual Signup and view all the answers

Which statement describes the ideal position of the fingers when taking impressions?

Fingers must be placed flat against the plate for best results. Signup and view all the answers

Which situation allows for fingerprints to be gathered from a detainee without their consent?

If the individual has only partially provided fingerprints previously Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario can fingerprints be taken at a police station?

When an individual has answered to bail and an inspector authorizes it Signup and view all the answers

What does 'recordable offence' refer to in the context of fingerprint collection?

Offences that will likely result in the creation of a criminal record Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum penalty for theft when tried on indictment?

Ten years' imprisonment Signup and view all the answers

Which PACE power allows police to stop and search an individual before arrest?

Article 3 PACE (NI) Order 1989 Signup and view all the answers

Which question should a police officer ask before using their powers?

Is what I am doing proportionate? Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the most common powers of arrest available to police?

Article 26 Police and Criminal Evidence (NI) Order 1989 Signup and view all the answers

What must police do after finding property during a search?

Seize and retain it for evidence purposes Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a person has open cuts or wounds while taking fingerprints?

Avoid contact and note the issue on the form. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct action regarding ink application on the fingerprint plate?

Ensure an even black finish by adjusting ink quantity. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the technique for rolling a finger during fingerprinting?

Start and end with the nail upright while rolling. Signup and view all the answers

How should the individual’s wrist and fingers be positioned to facilitate fingerprinting?

Encourage relaxation of the wrist and fingers. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of folding the fingerprint form along the designated lines?

To ensure all necessary data is recorded correctly. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if there is too much ink on the fingerprint plate?

Place paper on the plate to absorb the excess ink. Signup and view all the answers

What must a police officer do if they provide oral authorization for fingerprint collection?

They must follow up with a written confirmation as soon as practicable Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of completing alphanumeric data before fingerprinting?

It ensures proper identification and tracking of the fingerprinting process. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would NOT be considered theft under the Theft Act?

Taking an item mistakenly believing it is yours. Signup and view all the answers

What does wearing gloves primarily protect officers from when handling evidence?

Leaving their fingerprints on evidence Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to visit a crime scene as early as possible?

To prevent the loss or damage of evidence Signup and view all the answers

How should officers document the recovery of exhibits?

In detail, ensuring continuity is recorded Signup and view all the answers

What should be prioritized when handling potential fingerprint evidence?

Avoiding contact where prints are likely to be found Signup and view all the answers

What should officers consider in adverse weather conditions when examining the scene?

Protecting outdoor evidence from rain Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using pre-inked strips in evidence collection?

To ensure fingerprints are not contaminated Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of completing the forensic screening form?

To outline the necessary evidence for forensic analysis Signup and view all the answers

Which form is submitted alongside all forensic submissions as a background document?

FSNI A Signup and view all the answers

What should officers ensure regarding property that has been seized or received?

An accurate property record is created Signup and view all the answers

What type of items does FSNI B specifically address?

Items taken from the Suspect Signup and view all the answers

What must be outlined in the submission forms for items relating to the investigation?

The reason for submission and its relevance Signup and view all the answers

Which form is used for items removed from the Victim or Witness?

FSNI C Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following items does NOT need to be submitted using FSNI D?

Clothing from the Suspect Signup and view all the answers

What is the responsible body for the evidential examination of electronic storage media?

Cyber Crime Centre Signup and view all the answers

How should a forensic case manager handle the submission of completed forensic forms?

Complete and submit the forms to forensic suppliers Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following defines a thief?

A person who commits a theft or steals something. Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step officers should take when arriving at a crime scene?

Ensure safety and assess the scene Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect that differentiates robbery from theft?

Robbery includes the threat or use of violence. Signup and view all the answers

According to Section 2(2) of the Theft Act, when may a person be considered dishonest?

If they take property for sale without payment. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions would likely be deemed dishonest under the Theft Act?

Finding cash on the street and keeping it without attempting to find the owner. Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario illustrates a misunderstanding of theft regarding belief in consent?

Taking a neighbor's lawnmower because you believed they wouldn't mind. Signup and view all the answers

What criteria must be met for a court to determine dishonesty?

The perception of the average person regarding the individual's actions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes burglary?

Burglary entails entering a structure with the intention of theft. Signup and view all the answers

Under which circumstances can property be disposed of at a local level?

When it is of little or no value, unidentifiable, and not claimed Signup and view all the answers

Who is prohibited from retaining found property?

PSNI employees and those of no fixed abode Signup and view all the answers

What item must always be surrendered to police and cannot be retained by the finder?

Classified documents Signup and view all the answers

What is expected of the officer receiving the report of found property?

To ensure a check is made on Niche for lost property Signup and view all the answers

What items are categorized as property that cannot be retained by the finder?

Cash over £100 and firearms Signup and view all the answers

Which of these items must be reported and cannot be retained by the finder?

A suitcase with owner's information Signup and view all the answers

What must be done immediately when receiving found property that must be retained?

Make an entry in the officer's notebook and have the finder sign it Signup and view all the answers

When should a policeman not accept found property?

If the property is suspicious and presents a danger Signup and view all the answers

What is the retention period for CCTV footage related to serious crime?

100 years Signup and view all the answers

When conducting a property review, which option narrows down items specifically responsible to the officer conducting the investigation?

Ticking the 'Officer Responsible Box' Signup and view all the answers

What should happen to stolen items once the owner is identified?

They should be photographed and returned to the owner. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the legal framework governing theft as a crime?

The Theft Act (NI) 1969 Signup and view all the answers

For which purpose may clothing be seized during an investigation?

To link a suspect to CCTV footage. Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended procedure when documenting damage to property in an investigation?

Photograph the damage and possibly video it. Signup and view all the answers

What essential action is required before returning seized items to their owners?

Obtain a statement of evidence from the owner. Signup and view all the answers

What should officers regularly conduct involving property management?

Property reviews and disposal requests. Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances may a constable take an impression of a person's footwear without their consent?

If the person has been charged with a recordable offence Signup and view all the answers

What must an officer inform a person before taking their footwear impression at a police station?

That it may be subject to a speculative search Signup and view all the answers

What must be recorded as soon as practicable after an impression of footwear is taken?

The reason for taking the impression Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a condition that allows for the taking of a footwear impression without consent?

A high-ranking officer has authorized it Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when a footwear impression is taken without appropriate consent?

The reason must be recorded on their custody record Signup and view all the answers

What information must be provided to a person before taking their footwear impression if it is done without consent?

The investigative purpose for which it is collected Signup and view all the answers

When taking a footwear impression with consent, how should the consent be obtained?

Consent must be in writing at the police station Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following individuals is authorized to take an impression of footwear without consent?

Any constable detaining the individual Signup and view all the answers

What is required before cash can be stored in cash format within the property/finance system?

It must be deemed absolutely necessary Signup and view all the answers

What is the procedure for cash seizures under the Proceeds of Crime Act (POCA)?

Application to retain cash must be made within 48 hours Signup and view all the answers

What should the officer do regarding the label description of seized drugs?

Record the label exactly as it is without including weights Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following must be recorded under the type of drug for property input on NICHE?

The suspected drug classification (A, B, or C) Signup and view all the answers

Which requirement must be met for cash to be stored as a sealed package?

Inspector's authority must be obtained Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with cash seized under PACE provisions?

Make a court application to retain cash within 48 hours Signup and view all the answers

What should be clarified by the Officer in Charge regarding cash retention?

Instructions on how cash should be stored Signup and view all the answers

When documenting the weight or quantity of seized drugs, what must be done?

Follow a specific recording method as described in prior guidelines Signup and view all the answers

What must an individual be informed of before their fingerprints are taken without consent?

The reason for taking their fingerprints. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the fingerprints taken without appropriate consent once they are collected?

They may be subject to a speculative search against other fingerprints. Signup and view all the answers

What is required of a constable when taking fingerprints under the suspicion of an offence?

The reason must be recorded as soon as practicable after taking fingerprints. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason for a constable to take fingerprints without consent?

The fingerprints are needed for comparison with existing records. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions allows for taking fingerprints without consent if the constable doubts the individual's provided identity?

The constable believes the provided identity is false. Signup and view all the answers

What information should be recorded after taking a person's fingerprints without their consent?

The reason for taking their fingerprints. Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances can a constable take a person's fingerprints without consent?

The constable reasonably suspects that the person has been committing an offence. Signup and view all the answers

What condition must be met for fingerprints to be taken without consent when the identity of the individual is unknown?

The name cannot be readily ascertained by the constable. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Retaining Found Property

Police are expected to retain found property, but will avoid this whenever possible.
Retaining property is inconvenient and costly for the police.
Found property should generally be handed to:
- Translink, airport authorities, taxi companies for their own procedures.
- Event organizers at festivals and concerts.
- Responsible persons at hotels, clubs, cinemas, shopping centers, and council buildings.
Police should not accept collections of found property as it will likely never be reunited with the owner.
Police can retain found property when the item is valuable or particularly significant, such as a sports trophy.
An Investigating Officer can be appointed to investigate and make enquiries about the property.
Found property should only be taken into police custody when essential for police purposes.
Property will only be released from police custody upon satisfactory proof of ownership.
The disposal of property is governed by the Police Property Act 1897.
Found property is retained for 28 days and then disposed of or returned to the finder if valuable.

Property Not Retained by Police

Police do not need to retain all property.
When property is seized, a record of the circumstances and those present should be made.
A record must be made when a person is informed of the possibility that their fingerprints may be the subject of a speculative search.

Fingerprinting

Fingerprints must be taken electronically using devices approved by the Secretary of State.
A person may be required to attend a police station for fingerprinting if they have been cautioned or convicted of a recordable offence.
Police can arrest without warrant a person who has failed to comply with a requirement to attend for fingerprinting.
Fingerprints collected may be used to identify persons, link individuals to crime scenes, and as evidence in court.

Friction Ridge Skin

Friction ridge skin is found on palms, fingers, soles, and toes.
This skin is thicker, hairless, and lacks pigment.
Its ridges and furrows provide an advantage for touch, gripping, and sweat gland openings.
Fingerprint identification relies on uniquely patterned areas found above the first joint of fingers and thumbs.

Fingerprint Categories

There are three main types of fingerprints:
- Inked Impressions: taken under controlled conditions by a trained operator.
- Livescan Impressions: obtained in custody by custody staff or trained police officers using a Livescan machine.

Volume Crime Forensic Submission

Officers should consider whether a volume crime item should be seized based on the case criterion.
Seizing and retaining property without careful consideration is an indicator of poor performance and may violate the Victims Charter.
Submissions for analysis are restricted to three items for chemical examination and one item per case for DNA analysis (e.g., one cigarette butt, one swab from a bottle's neck).
The decision of which item to submit should be based on the recovery location and evidential value.
The Forensic Case Manager may consider allowing more than one DNA item if the IO provides sufficient evidence of multiple individuals involved.

Taking Firearms/Explosives into Police Possession

When a firearm is seized, a qualified person, like an Ammunition Technical Officer (ATO), must clear and make the firearm safe.
If a firearm cannot be safely declared free from ammunition, it MUST be assumed to be loaded and marked accordingly.
A receipt should be provided to the owner for the firearm.

Drugs

Police are only allowed to possess controlled drugs if authorized by the Chief Constable and handled according to Service policies.
Seizures must be recorded on NICHE and the drugs securely stored.
Drugs should not be retained longer than necessary and officers should be prepared to justify any instances where this is not followed.
Officers should wear protective clothing when handling drugs to prevent allergic reactions.
Drugs should be described generically on identification labels (e.g., suspect white powder, suspect brown resinous substance).

Mobile Phone Packaging

Mobile phone handsets should be switched off at the point of seizure, unless there are urgent circumstances.
The officer seizing the phone should record any decision to keep the phone on and the reasoning behind it.
Blackberry batteries should be removed after switching the phone off.
Phones should be packaged in an approved cardboard box to prevent accidental reactivation.
If in doubt, consult local DESU or CSI.
In cases of urgent risk to life, phones should be placed in a Faraday bag as soon as possible to prevent network interaction and transported to e-Crime.
Faraday bags reduce the battery life of a phone as the device attempts to connect to a network.
Faraday bags are available from CSI in limited quantities.

Fingerprints

Fingerprints can be taken without consent from an individual who has been arrested for a recordable offence, and they have not had their fingerprints taken for that particular offence.
The same applies for a person charged with a recordable offense, or informed they will be reported for a recordable offence.
Fingerprints taken during the investigation of the offence are disregarded if a set of fingerprints taken previously:
- are not a complete set; or
- are not of sufficient quality for analysis, comparison or matching.
Fingerprints of a person answering bail at a court or police station can be taken without consent if authorized by a judge or an officer of inspector rank or above, if:
the person answering bail is not the same person as the person who previously provided fingerprints; or
the person answering bail claims to be a different person from the one who provided fingerprints previously.
An officer giving oral authorization for fingerprint taking must confirm it in writing as soon as possible.
Fingerprints can be taken without consent if:
- The person has been convicted of a recordable offence.
- The person has been cautioned for a recordable offence and admitted to the offence at the time of the caution.
A constable can take a person’s fingerprints without appropriate consent if:
- they reasonably suspect the person is committing, attempting to commit, has committed, or attempted to commit a crime; and
- the person’s name is unknown to the constable, or the constable doubts the authenticity of the name provided by the person.
Taking fingerprints under this circumstance is not considered to be taking fingerprints for the purpose of investigating an offence.
Before taking fingerprints, the individual must be informed:
- of the reason for taking their fingerprints.
- of the basis of the court or inspector's authority.
- that their fingerprints may be retained and used for comparison with other fingerprints unless required to be destroyed.
- that, if their fingerprints are required to be destroyed, they can witness the destruction.
- of the reason for taking their fingerprints without their consent.

Forensic Submissions

When submitting property for forensic sampling, use the forensic screening form to outline the case and details of what you're trying to prove.
The Forensic Case Manager will complete necessary submission forms, which include:
- FSNI A: a general background document outlining the case and the reasons for forensic submissions.
- FSNI B: for any property removed from the suspect that was physically in contact with them.
- FSNI C: for any property removed from the victim or witness that was physically in contact with them.
- FSNI D: for all other items to be submitted.
- FSNI E: a continuation of FSNI D.
- FSNI 12A: for alcohol/drugs.
- FSNI Glass.

Cyber Crime

Cyber Crime Centre is responsible for examining seized electronic storage media such as mobile phones, computers, laptops, games consoles, and tablets.

Property Management

CCTV footage should be retained for 10 years for volume crime and 100 years for serious crime.
To search for property assigned to an officer, use the "Detailed Find - Property - Stores" tab in the Property management system.
Enter the officer's service number.
For investigations, check the "Officer Responsible" box to narrow down results to items assigned to you as the investigating officer.
Conduct regular property reviews and work with property staff to process disposal requests.
Stolen items recovered from a suspect with an identified owner may be photographed and returned to the owner.
A statement of evidence from the owner and the seizing officer is required to account for the returned item.
Damaged property should be photographed, videoed, or photocopied.
A statement of evidence is required to document the damage.
Clothing seized should be linked to CCTV footage or a suspect description from a witness.
DNA analysis or other forensic examinations can be done on seized clothing.

Investigative Skills: Theft

Theft is a volume crime and one of the most common dishonest offences.
Key legislation for theft is found in Sections 1-6 of the Theft Act (NI) 1969.

Fingerprinting

When taking fingerprints, ensure all equipment is clean and in good order.
Use the correct form and complete the alpha-numeric data.
Fold the form along the fold lines.
Apply six dots of ink to the plate and roll with a fingerprint roller until the ink is evenly spread and matt black.
Test the ink, if there is insufficient ink add more and roll again.
To remove excess ink, place a sheet of paper on the plate and roll over once.
Adjust the ink concentration until a good impression is obtained.
Ensure your fingers are in the correct box, and ensure the person relaxes their wrist and fingers.
Start with the right thumb and roll through to the right little finger.
Continue with the left hand.
Grip the digit immediately behind the first joint using your forefinger and thumb.
Grip the tip with your other forefinger and thumb.
Place the finger on its side, with the nail perpendicular to the plate.
Ensure that the whole of the first joint and approximately 1/4 inch of the second joint is in contact with the ink plate.
Roll the finger through 180 degrees, to end with the nail upright again.
If rolling is not possible, pre-inked strips are available.
Gloves should be worn when taking fingerprints for health and safety.

Scene Investigation

If a scene is inaccessible to a CSI, you may be required to recover exhibit articles for submission to the Fingerprint Branch for examination.
When handling an article, ensure you are gloved.
Avoid touching an article where fingerprints from natural handling would be expected.
Examine scenes for all evidence types.
If there is a chance of rain, examine the exterior of the premises first or take steps to protect potential evidence.

Property Management

Every officer is responsible for the property that they seize.
An accurate property record must be created using NICHE (National Intelligence, Communications and Handling of Evidence)
The integrity and continuity of the property must be maintained.

Forensic Submissions

Forensic submissions are designed to reduce turnaround times.
The Request for Forensic Strategy and/or Submissions form should be completed.
The form should detail the reason for the forensic submissions and what items will be submitted.
Once completed, the form should be emailed to 'zForensicCaseManager', who will then complete all further forensic submission forms.
FSNI A will be submitted in all cases and outlines the case details and reasons for forensic submissions.
FSNI B relates to items removed from the Suspect (excluding items found in their home.)
FSNI C relates to items removed from the Victim or Witness.
FSNI D relates to all other items.
FSNI E is a continuation of FSNI A - E, FSNI 12A (alcohol/drugs) and FSNI Glass.

Cyber Crime

The Cyber Crime Centre examines electronic storage media such as mobile phones, computers, laptops and games consoles.

Theft

Theft offences include:
- shoplifting
- stealing from a friend, stranger or employer
- robbery (theft from a person, accompanied by violence or the threat of violence)
- burglary (theft or the intention of theft from a building)
Section 1 of the Theft Act (NI) 1969 states that a person is guilty of theft if they dishonestly appropriate property belonging to another with the intention of permanently depriving the other of it.

Dishonesty

A person is not acting dishonestly if they believe:
- they had the lawful right to take the item
- they would have had the owner’s consent if the owner had known the circumstances
- the owner cannot be discovered by taking reasonable steps
A person may be treated as dishonest if property for sale is taken without payment even if the person would have been willing to pay for it.
A court must decide if a person acted dishonestly or not.
- Lending and borrowing over an extended time scale
- Pawning an item

Theft Offences

The offence of theft is triable either way.
Summary trial: six months imprisonment and/or a fine
Trial on indictment: ten years imprisonment

Arrest Powers

Most common arrest power is Article 26 Police and Criminal Evidence (NI) Order 1989 (PACE).
Police also have powers to stop and search prior to arrest (Article 3 PACE (NI) Order 1989) and search after arrest Article 20 and 34 PACE (NI) Order 1989.
PACE gives police powers to seize and retain property for evidence purposes.
Police powers should only be used if:
- a lawful power exists
- the actions are proportionate to the aim

Property Disposal

Property logged on Niche can be disposed of locally.
Property will not be retained by police if it is of little or no value, unidentifiable, and the finder does not wish to retain it
PSNI employees and contracted employees, and those with no fixed abode or not resident within Northern Ireland, are prohibited from retaining property.
Property recorded on Niche as lost property must be surrendered to the police. This includes identifiable property, such as luggage with the owner's name.
The following categories of property must be surrendered to the police:
- Classified or official documents.
- Items valued £200 or more.
- Cash exceeding £100.
- Postal orders, giro warrants, cheques, pawn tickets, lottery tickets, or personal documents.
- Premium, savings bonds, or savings certificates.
- Drugs or poisons.
- Firearms, ammunition, and explosives.
- Service uniforms or equipment.
- Suspected proceeds of crime.
- Items unlawful for the finder to retain.
- Items presenting a danger to the finder or public.

Property Possession Procedures

When receiving found property that must be retained, officers must make an entry in their notebook in the presence of the finder and have the finder sign it.
This entry should include a description of the item, the time, date, and location of where it was found, and the time, date, and location of where it was handed over.

Fingerprints

Fingerprints may be taken without consent if the person has been convicted of a recordable offense or given a caution for a recordable offense that they admitted to.
A constable may take fingerprints without consent if they reasonably suspect the person is committing, attempting to commit, or has committed an offense, and the person's name is unknown or the constable has reasonable grounds to doubt the veracity of a name provided.
Fingerprints taken under these circumstances are not considered part of an investigation.

Footwear Impressions

Footwear impressions may not be taken without consent, except in cases where:
- The person is detained at a police station following arrest, charge, or notification of being reported for a recordable offense.
- The person has not had a footwear impression taken during the investigation, or the existing impression was incomplete or of insufficient quality.
If an impression is taken, the person must be informed that it may be subject to a speculative search, and this must be recorded on their custody record.
This power to take footwear impressions without consent is applicable to all constables.
This does not apply to people aged under 10 or 16 who are detained for a recordable offense they committed before turning 10 or 16.

NICHE Property Management

Investigating Officers must have the following information available for inputting property on NICHE:
- Type of drug, including control class (A, B, or C).
- Description/Format (e.g., resin, herbal plants, tablets, markings, etc.).
- Quantity or weight.
- Label description (verbatim of the identification label; weights should not be included).
- Officer Service number.
Cash should be stored in a safe, ideally not in physical format.
If cash must be held, it must be stored in a sealed package (requiring inspector's approval) or deposited in an interest-bearing account.

Cash Seizures

Cash seizures generally occur under PACE or POCA legislation.
A POCA seizure requires an application to retain the cash within 48 hours of seizure to the local District Court where the seizure took place.
CCTV recordings must be held for 10 years for volume crime and 100 years for serious crime.

Property Management

Officers can search for property in the NICHE "Stores" tab by entering their service number.
The "Officer Responsible" box can be ticked to narrow the search to property for which the officer is responsible.
Property reviews and disposal requests should be conducted regularly.
When stolen items have been recovered and the owner identified, consideration should be given to photographing the item and returning it to the owner.
Damage to property should be photographed or videoed unless forensic examination is required.
Clothing might be seized to link a suspect to CCTV footage, witness descriptions, or for forensic examination.

Theft

Theft is a common volume crime.
Legislation relating to theft is primarily found in Section 1-6 of the Theft Act (NI) 1969.

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This quiz focuses on the procedures and regulations regarding the retention of found property by police. It covers the guidelines for handing over found items, the role of police in managing such property, and the criteria for retaining items of significant value. Test your understanding of these essential protocols.