Forging the National Economy 1790–1860
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Questions and Answers

What did Ralph Waldo Emerson imply when he stated 'Whenever I see a railroad I look for a republic'?

  • That he thought railroads were a sign of industrialization
  • That he preferred republics over monarchies
  • That he associated railroads with progress and democracy (correct)
  • That he believed railroads would lead to the downfall of the monarchy
  • In what way did immigrants contribute to the westward movement in the United States in the 19th century?

  • They mainly settled in the East Coast cities instead of moving west
  • They stayed away from the United States' fast-growing cities
  • They joined New England Yankees, Pennsylvania farmers, and southern yeomen in seeking opportunities (correct)
  • They played a minor role compared to native-born Americans in expanding westward
  • How did newly invented machinery impact labor in the 19th-century United States?

  • It decreased the pace of work for laborers
  • It eliminated the need for workers in agriculture and manufacturing
  • It quickened the cultivation of crops and manufacturing of goods (correct)
  • It caused workers to resist against technological advancements
  • Which transportation developments contributed significantly to the movement of people and goods in the mid-19th century in the United States?

    <p>Tentacle-stretching railroads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did the westward movement have on the American economy in the 19th century?

    <p>It gave rise to a dynamic, market-oriented national economy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Andrew Jackson symbolize the westward march of the American people?

    <p>His presidency represented the westward expansion of American settlers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did Cyrus Field successfully stretch a cable under the North Atlantic waters from Newfoundland to Ireland?

    <p>1858</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant development helped bind America together with iron and later steel?

    <p>Standardization of gauges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which American steamer crept across the Atlantic in 1819 using sails most of the time?

    <p>Savannah</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which decade did a golden age dawn for American shipping?

    <p>1840s and 1850s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which naval yard in Boston began sending down sleek new craft called clipper ships in the mid-19th century?

    <p>Donald McKay's</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event in 1858 helped link the American and European continents?

    <p>'North Atlantic cable' stretching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what did the political 'machine' offer to Irish immigrants in exchange for their votes?

    <p>Assistance with legal matters and basic necessities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Irish-Americans is true, based on the information in the passage?

    <p>Some of them rose to become political bosses themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'astonishing irony' mentioned in the passage regarding Irish-Americans becoming policemen?

    <p>They were once victims of police brutality in Ireland.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why were Germans sometimes referred to as 'damned Dutchmen' by their American neighbors, according to the passage?

    <p>They were perceived as unwilling to assimilate into American culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the passage imply about the introduction of beer to American society?

    <p>It gained popularity due to the influence of German immigrants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the information in the passage, which of the following statements is true about the Irish immigrants' relationship with the Democratic Party?

    <p>They initially supported the Democratic Party due to their admiration for Thomas Jefferson and Andrew Jackson.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant achievement did Robert Fulton's steamboat accomplish in 1807?

    <p>It traveled 150 miles from New York City to Albany in 32 hours, defying wind and currents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the success of the steamboat impact the transportation capacity of America's navigable waterways?

    <p>It doubled the carrying capacity by enabling two-way travel on rivers and streams.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the typical speed of keelboats traveling upstream on the Mississippi River before the advent of steamboats?

    <p>Less than 1 mile per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is implied by the statement "The mighty Mississippi had met its master"?

    <p>Steamboats had conquered the challenge of navigating the Mississippi River.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, approximately how many steamboats were operating on the Mississippi River and its tributaries by 1860?

    <p>1,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the phrase "river palaces" suggest about the steamboats operating on the Mississippi River by 1860?

    <p>They were luxurious and comfortable vessels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what was the fate of many German immigrants who came to America in the 19th century?

    <p>They had to work very hard in the countryside to clear land and establish farms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the passage suggest about the reasons why many Europeans, including Germans, chose to immigrate to America in the 19th century?

    <p>They were enticed to leave by boastful and imprudent letters from friends or family already in America.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the passage suggest about the overall experience of European immigrants in 19th century America?

    <p>It was a mixed experience, with some immigrants finding success through hard work, while others struggled.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what was the overall trend in European immigration to the United States in the 19th century?

    <p>It more than doubled in the 19th century, leading to a 'seething pool of apparently &quot;surplus'' people'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the passage suggest about the impact of European immigration on the United States in the 19th century?

    <p>The United States benefited from the 'people-churning changes' in Europe, but did not set them all in motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the passage suggest about the motivations and experiences of European immigrants who came to the United States in the 19th century?

    <p>They were displaced and unsettled in their home countries, and saw America as a land of opportunity, though the reality was often more difficult.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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