Force and Motion Formulas Flashcards

Speed and Motion

• Speed is computed as the ratio of distance to time, measured in meters per second (m/s).
• Average speed is defined as total distance divided by total time, also expressed in meters per second.

Distance and Force

• Distance can be calculated using the formula: speed multiplied by time, which is measured in various units such as meters, centimeters, or miles.
• Force is determined by multiplying mass and acceleration, with units in Newtons (N). One Newton is equivalent to a kilogram meter per second squared (Kg·m/s²).

Acceleration and Work

• Acceleration represents the change in velocity over time and is calculated by dividing force by mass, rendered in meters per second squared (m/s²).
• Average acceleration is found by subtracting initial velocity from final velocity and dividing by time.
• Work is calculated as the product of force and distance, measured in Joules (J). One Joule is defined as one Newton meter (N·m).

Power Concepts

• Power can be expressed as force multiplied by distance divided by time, yielding Joules per second, which is also known as a Watt (W).
• Alternatively, power can be calculated as work done per unit of time.

Newton's Laws of Motion

• Newton's First Law states that an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by a net external force, also known as the Law of Inertia.
• Newton's Second Law relates the force exerted on an object to its mass and the acceleration produced.
• Newton's Third Law posits that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Types of Forces and Motion Dynamics

• Three primary types of forces are recognized: contact force, gravitational force, and friction.
• Forces influence motion, determining the acceleration of objects.
• Mass is defined as a measure of inertia, which is the resistance to changes in motion.
• Forces can result in the alteration of direction while maintaining constant speed, indicating dynamic motion.

Force Characteristics

• Balanced forces result in no net force acting on an object, leading to a state of rest or uniform motion.
• Centripetal force is directed towards the center of a circular path, maintaining circular motion.
• The acceleration due to gravity on Earth is approximately 9.8 m/s².