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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of food coloring?
What is the primary purpose of food coloring?
How do color retention agents differ from food colorings?
How do color retention agents differ from food colorings?
What function do emulsifiers serve in food products?
What function do emulsifiers serve in food products?
Which statement best describes flavor enhancers?
Which statement best describes flavor enhancers?
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What role do humectants play in food preservation?
What role do humectants play in food preservation?
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What is the primary function of stabilizers in food products?
What is the primary function of stabilizers in food products?
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Which of the following best characterizes thickeners?
Which of the following best characterizes thickeners?
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What type of sugar is lactose?
What type of sugar is lactose?
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Which method uses sodium hydroxide to alter food properties?
Which method uses sodium hydroxide to alter food properties?
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What is the primary purpose of canning and bottling?
What is the primary purpose of canning and bottling?
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Which preservation method involves sealing food under a layer of fat?
Which preservation method involves sealing food under a layer of fat?
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Which type of preservation uses ionizing radiation?
Which type of preservation uses ionizing radiation?
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Which of the following best describes modified temperature preservation?
Which of the following best describes modified temperature preservation?
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Which of the following is NOT a common food preservation method mentioned?
Which of the following is NOT a common food preservation method mentioned?
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What role do food additives have in food preservation?
What role do food additives have in food preservation?
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Which preservation method is characterized by the lack of light and oxygen?
Which preservation method is characterized by the lack of light and oxygen?
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What is the molecular weight of aspartame?
What is the molecular weight of aspartame?
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Which artificial sweetener is known to have a slightly bitter and metallic aftertaste?
Which artificial sweetener is known to have a slightly bitter and metallic aftertaste?
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Which of the following sweeteners is the most stable for cooking and baking?
Which of the following sweeteners is the most stable for cooking and baking?
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What is the chemical formula for sucralose?
What is the chemical formula for sucralose?
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Which sweetener is blended with other sweeteners to enhance sweetness quality?
Which sweetener is blended with other sweeteners to enhance sweetness quality?
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What is the primary purpose of food preservation methods?
What is the primary purpose of food preservation methods?
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Which method of food preservation uses a vacuum environment?
Which method of food preservation uses a vacuum environment?
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What is an example of a method that inhibits natural aging and discoloration in food?
What is an example of a method that inhibits natural aging and discoloration in food?
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How does dehydration preserve food?
How does dehydration preserve food?
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What is a common result of salting or curing meat?
What is a common result of salting or curing meat?
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Which food preservation method relies on extremely high pressure to inactivate pathogens?
Which food preservation method relies on extremely high pressure to inactivate pathogens?
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Which preservation method is primarily used to kill or denature microorganisms?
Which preservation method is primarily used to kill or denature microorganisms?
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Using sulfur dioxide in food preservation is an example of which type of process?
Using sulfur dioxide in food preservation is an example of which type of process?
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What is the primary function of food preservatives?
What is the primary function of food preservatives?
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How do food additives differ from food preservatives?
How do food additives differ from food preservatives?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of food preservatives?
Which of the following is NOT a function of food preservatives?
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Which type of food additive is used to maintain food acidity?
Which type of food additive is used to maintain food acidity?
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What role do antioxidants play in food preservation?
What role do antioxidants play in food preservation?
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Which of the following is a common food acid used as a preservative?
Which of the following is a common food acid used as a preservative?
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What is the primary purpose of anticaking agents in food processing?
What is the primary purpose of anticaking agents in food processing?
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Which of the following best describes bulking agents in food production?
Which of the following best describes bulking agents in food production?
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Study Notes
Food Preservatives and Additives
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Food preservatives are chemicals or processes that slow or stop microbial growth, maintaining food quality and preventing rancidity.
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Food additives are substances added to food during processing, not the base ingredients.
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Preservatives help retain color, flavor, texture, and nutritional value.
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Additives are used for diverse purposes in food processing and storage, and can include preservatives.
Chemical Properties of Food Preservatives
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Sodium Benzoates: White or colorless crystalline powder, soluble in water, ethanol, glycerol, and methanol.
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Potassium Sorbates: Straight-chain, alpha-beta-unsaturated 2,4-hexadienoic monocarboxylic acid. Low solubility in water compared to its potassium salt.
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Sodium Propionates: White crystals or granules; soluble in water, alcohol.
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Sodium Nitrites: White or yellow crystals/powder; soluble in water and liquid ammonia. Its aqueous solution is alkaline.
Other Food Preservatives
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Calcium disodium EDTA: White, water-soluble, binds to iron and calcium ions; hexadentate chelating agent.
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Citric Acid: shares carboxylic acid properties; decomposes above 175°C; used in cleaners and pharmaceuticals for buffering.
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Sulfites: White, water-soluble, crystalline solid, sulfurous taste, used as preservative, decomposes when heated
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Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA): pale yellow waxy solid, phenol family member, with an antioxidant, not soluble in water but soluble in alcohol.
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Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT): white crystalline solid; phenol family member, antioxidant, insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, acetone, and benzene.
Properties of Food Additives
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Preserve natural qualities and nutritional value
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Decrease food ingredients for specialized or diet foods
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Improve food quality w/o changing nutritional value
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Improve food quality and stability during storage
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Improve food production processes
Classification of Food Additives
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Acids (e.g., vinegar, citric acid)
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Acidity regulators
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Anticaking agents
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Antifoaming agents
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Antioxidants
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Bulking agents
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Food coloring
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Color retention agents
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Emulsifiers
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Flavors
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Flavor enhancers
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Flour treatment agents
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Glazing agents
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Humectants
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Preservatives
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Stabilizers & Thickeners
Sweetening Agents
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Natural sweeteners (e.g., sucrose, lactose, fructose) provide sweetness and calories.
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Artificial sweeteners (e.g., aspartame, saccharin, sucralose, neotame, alitame) provide low calories and mask taste.
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Description
This quiz explores the roles and chemical properties of food preservatives and additives. Understand how these substances maintain food quality and prevent microbial growth through various processes. Test your knowledge on specific preservatives and their characteristics.
