Questions and Answers
What defines causality in nutrition research?
Association implies that one variable directly causes another.
False
Give an example of a nutrient-dense food.
Vegetables
A _____ diet includes variety, balance, and moderation.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the type of evidence with its definition:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a healthy diet?
Signup and view all the answers
Non-essential nutrients must be obtained from food.
Signup and view all the answers
What beverage is primarily recommended in Canada's Food Guide?
Signup and view all the answers
Nutrient density refers to the amount of nutrients per _____ in food.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of a food guide?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the term 'sodium free' indicate on a food label?
Signup and view all the answers
A 'source of fiber' claim on a label means the product contains a very high amount of fiber.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Plan (HACCP)?
Signup and view all the answers
The stomach is lined with ________ to prevent acids from digesting it.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the nutrient claim with its definition:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is an excellent source of calcium?
Signup and view all the answers
Peristalsis refers to the muscle contraction that moves food through the digestive tract.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of enzymes in chemical reactions?
Signup and view all the answers
The first stage of digestion takes place in the ________ where mechanical digestion begins.
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement accurately describes the order of ingredient listings on food labels?
Signup and view all the answers
What is catabolism?
Signup and view all the answers
Anabolism requires energy to build complex molecules.
Signup and view all the answers
Name two methods of absorption.
Signup and view all the answers
Food allergens can trigger severe symptoms in individuals with __________.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following food allergens with their descriptions:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT considered a priority food allergen?
Signup and view all the answers
Food intolerances can lead severe and life-threatening symptoms.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary difference between allergies and intolerances?
Signup and view all the answers
The process of __________ involves the breakdown of molecules to release energy.
Signup and view all the answers
Which absorption method requires energy?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Food Labels and Packaging
- Ingredients are listed in order, from highest weight to lowest.
- Nutritional labels allow product comparison based on nutrient claims.
Nutrient Claims
- Free: None or very little of a nutrient (e.g., "sodium free").
- Low: A small amount of a nutrient (e.g., "low fat").
- Reduced: At least 25% less of the nutrient compared to a similar product (e.g., "reduced in Calories").
- Light: Reduced fat or calories.
Health Claims
- Source: Contains a significant amount of a nutrient (e.g., "source of fiber").
- High/Good Source: Contains a high amount of a nutrient (e.g., "high in vitamin C").
- Very High/Excellent Source: Contains a very high amount of a nutrient (e.g., "excellent source of calcium").
Food Safety and HACCP
- HACCP stands for Hazard Analysis Critical Control Plan.
- Steps include conducting a hazard analysis, identifying critical control points, establishing limits, monitoring, corrective actions, record keeping, and verification.
Digestive Organs and Functions
- Digestion starts in the mouth with mechanical breakdown and salivary amylase.
- Peristalsis moves food through the esophagus to the stomach, where pepsin and gastric acids further digest food.
- In the small intestine, enzymes and bile emulsify fats and nutrients are absorbed through villi.
- Water is reabsorbed in the large intestine, culminating in waste elimination.
Enzymes
- Enzymes lower the activation energy required for chemical reactions.
Types of Nutrition Research
- Observational studies collect data without altering variables, while experimental studies involve manipulation of variables.
- Anecdotal evidence relies on personal testimony and lacks scientific rigor, whereas scientific evidence is based on research.
Causality vs. Association
- Causality indicates one factor directly affects another (e.g., smoking causes lung cancer).
- Association denotes two related factors without direct influence (e.g., ice cream sales and drownings correlate but don’t cause each other).
Micronutrients and Macronutrients
- Micronutrients include vitamins and minerals; macronutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and water.
Essential vs. Non-Essential Nutrients
- Essential nutrients cannot be synthesized by the body; non-essential nutrients can be produced by the body.
Characteristics of a Healthy Diet
- Variety: Includes different food groups.
- Balance: Matches energy intake with activity using nutrient-dense foods.
- Moderation: Avoiding excess and managing portion sizes.
Nutrient Density
- High density: More nutrients per calorie (e.g., vegetables, fruits, whole grains).
- Low density: Fewer nutrients per calorie (e.g., cakes, sodas, fast food).
Healthy Eating Guidelines
- Promote mindfulness in eating habits, cook regularly, enjoy meals, and share food.
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)
- Refers to the proportion of macronutrients recommended for a balanced diet.
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)
- Specific nutrition recommendations to guide dietary choices.
Purpose of Food Guides
- Aimed at improving health, ensuring nutrients' adequacy, and reducing nutrition-related diseases.
Canada's Food Guide 2019
- Provides guidelines for healthy eating and food habits.
Beverage Recommendations
- Water is the primary beverage choice; unsweetened coffee, tea, and lower-fat milk alternatives are encouraged.
Metabolism
- Metabolism comprises catabolism (breaking down molecules, releasing energy) and anabolism (building molecules, requiring energy).
Methods of Absorption
- Include active transport, facilitated diffusion, passive diffusion, and osmosis.
Food Allergens
- Priority allergens include eggs, milk, mustard, peanuts, shellfish, fish, sesame seeds, soy, sulphites, tree nuts, and wheat.
Allergies vs. Intolerances
- Allergies cause severe immune responses, while intolerances result in digestive discomfort.
Preventative Measures for Food Allergies
- Monitor food labels, avoid known allergens, and educate about allergy symptoms and management.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge on reading food labels, including ingredient lists and nutrient claims. Understand how to compare products based on their packaging and marketing strategies. This quiz will guide you through key terms like 'free', 'low', and 'reduced' to help you make healthier choices.
