Food and Dietary Supplement Labels Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of the Nutrition Facts panel on food labels?

To display the manufacturer's name and address

To list the ingredients in alphabetical order

To provide information about the energy and nutrient contents of products (correct)

To declare the product's country of origin

Which of the following is NOT a required component of food labels?

Product's name

Manufacturer's name and address

Amount of product in the package

Calorie count per serving (correct)

What is the purpose of the ingredients list on food labels?

To provide information about the health benefits of ingredients

To showcase the manufacturer's name and address

To list the ingredients in descending order according to weight (correct)

To display the product's country of origin

Which government agency regulates and monitors information on food labels in the United States?

FDA Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the learning outcome that involves using the Nutrition Facts panel to make more nutritious food choices?

Learning Outcome 1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Nutrition Facts panel, as shown in Figure 3.11?

To provide information about the energy and nutrient contents of products Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following products do not require a label with the product's name, manufacturer's name and address, and amount of product in the package?

Fresh fruits and vegetables Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'amount of product in the package' information on food labels?

To inform consumers of the quantity of product they are purchasing Signup and view all the answers

What is required to be displayed on the label of dietary supplements with health-related claims?

The FDA's disclaimer indicating that the claim has not been evaluated by the agency Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of percents of DVs on nutrition labels?

To compare nutrient contents of packaged foods to make more healthful choices Signup and view all the answers

According to the general rule of thumb, what percentage of DV is considered a high source of a nutrient?

20% or more Signup and view all the answers

What is the FDA's role in regulating dietary supplement labels?

To require manufacturers to evaluate the purity, quality, strength, and composition of their products before marketing them Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily intake of carbohydrates for people over 1 year of age?

130 g/day Signup and view all the answers

What type of claim states that a dietary supplement can help maintain a healthy structure or function of the body?

Structure/function claim Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to consider the contribution of unlabeled foods to your diet?

Because they can affect your overall nutrient intake Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a nutrient content claim?

Good source of fiber Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the FDA's regulations on dietary supplements?

To ensure that supplements contain the ingredients listed on the label Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a health claim on a food label?

To promote a food's health benefits or high amounts of nutrients Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis for determining the Daily Value (DV) of a nutrient?

The highest RDA or AI for a particular nutrient Signup and view all the answers

When are manufacturers required to notify the FDA about structure/function claims?

Within 30 days after introducing the products into the marketplace Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a health claim and a structure/function claim?

A health claim is related to disease prevention, while a structure/function claim is related to maintaining a healthy structure or function of the body Signup and view all the answers

Why do consumers need to be careful when using the Nutrition Facts panel to estimate their nutrient intakes?

Because the serving size and number of servings per container must be considered Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily intake of fat for people over 1 year of age?

No RDA or AI has been set Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the FDA in protecting consumers from false nutrition and health claims on food and dietary supplement labels?

The FDA regulates dietary supplement manufacturers to ensure that their products are safe and the claims on labels are honest and not misleading Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the FDA's Nutrition Facts label format?

To display calorie and nutrient information for part of a package's contents Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal when evaluating or planning nutritious menus?

To obtain 100% of the DVs for fiber, vitamins, and minerals Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum amount of saturated fat per serving allowed by the FDA for a food to make a health claim?

4 g Signup and view all the answers

Which type of claim is allowed on food labels that describes the role of a nutrient or dietary supplement in maintaining a structure or promoting a normal function?

Structure/function claim Signup and view all the answers

What is the FDA's definition of a 'low-fat' food?

3 g or less of fat per serving Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a condition for a health claim on a food label?

The food is naturally occurring Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Nutrition Facts panel on a food label?

To provide information on the nutrient content of the food Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum amount of sugar reduction required for a 'reduced sugar' claim on a food label?

25% less sugar per serving Signup and view all the answers

What is the FDA's definition of a 'calorie-free' food?

The food provides fewer than 5 kcal per serving Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum amount of sodium allowed by the FDA for a food to make a health claim?

480 mg per serving Signup and view all the answers

Which type of claim is allowed on food labels that describes the levels of nutrients in a food?

Nutrient content claim Signup and view all the answers

Why may a food label indicate that a serving of a food contains '0 g' of trans fat, even if the food actually contains less than 0.5 g of trans fat?

The FDA's regulations for trans fat labeling Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the FDA permitting health claims on food labels?

To provide consumers with accurate information about the product's health benefits Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement for a health claim to be included on a food label?

The product must have 10% or more of the DV for one of the specified nutrients Signup and view all the answers

Why would the FDA not allow a health claim about the calcium content of an orange juice on its label?

The juice had less than 10%DV for calcium before being fortified Signup and view all the answers

What is an allowable phrase in a health claim on a food label?

May reduce the risk of heart disease Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of an allowable health claim on a food label?

It does not quantify the degree of risk reduction Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a permissible health claim for food labels?

Diets low in saturated fat and cholesterol may reduce the risk of heart disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the FDA requiring specific wording for certain health claims?

To ensure that health claims are complete, easy to understand, honest, and not misleading Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the FDA's website regarding qualified health claims?

To provide information on qualified health claims Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a dietary factor that may reduce the risk of heart disease, according to the FDA?

Diets low in saturated fat and cholesterol Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a health condition that may be influenced by certain dietary factors, according to the FDA?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What does 'fat free' mean on a food label?

Less than 0.5 g of fat per serving Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum amount of fiber required for a food to be labeled as 'high fiber'?

5 g of fiber per serving Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'reduced or fewer calories' on a food label?

At least 25% fewer kcal per serving than the reference food Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'extra lean' on a meat or poultry product label?

Less than 5 g of fat, 2 g of saturated fat, and 95 mg of cholesterol per serving Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'Supplement Facts' panel on a dietary supplement label?

To display the product's contents and percent Daily Value (%DV) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'light' or 'lite' mean on a food label?

At least one-third fewer kilocalories or half the fat of the reference food Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'reduced or less fat' on a food label?

At least 25% less fat per serving than the reference food Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum amount of fiber required for a food to be labeled as a 'good source of fiber'?

2.5 g of fiber per serving Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the FDA disclaimer on a dietary supplement label?

To inform consumers that the supplement is not intended to treat, diagnose, cure, or alleviate the effects of diseases Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'cholesterol free' on a food label?

Less than 2 mg of cholesterol and 2 g of saturated fat per serving Signup and view all the answers

What does the Nutrition Facts panel display information about?

The serving size, servings per container, and energy and certain nutrient contents of a packaged food product Signup and view all the answers

What unit of measurement is used to indicate the amount of nutrients in a serving of food?

Grams (g) and milligrams (mg) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Daily Values (DVs) on food labels?

To help consumers evaluate the nutritional content of food products Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nutrients do not have a Daily Value (DV) as of January 2021?

Total sugars and trans fat Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis for the adult Daily Value (DV) for a nutrient?

A standard diet that supplies 2000 kcal/day Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following food products are not required to have a Nutrition Facts label?

Fresh fruits and vegetables Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Nutrition Facts panel's bold print of the number of calories per serving?

To make the number of calories per serving more visible Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nutrients is not listed on the Nutrition Facts panel?

Magnesium Signup and view all the answers

According to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, what information must restaurants and similar retail food establishments provide to customers?

The total calories, fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium, total carbohydrates, sugars, fiber, and protein contents Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement for manufacturers of dietary supplements with health-related claims on their labels?

The label must include the FDA's disclaimer indicating that the claim has not been evaluated by the agency. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the FDA in protecting consumers from false nutrition and health claims on food and dietary supplement labels?

To monitor labels and take action if the agency questions the safety of a dietary supplement or the truthfulness of claims. Signup and view all the answers

What type of claim states that a dietary supplement can help maintain a healthy structure or function of the body?

Structure/function claim Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the FDA's regulations on dietary supplements?

To ensure that dietary supplements are safe and contain the ingredients listed on the label. Signup and view all the answers

What is the limitation of using %DVs to determine nutrient intakes?

It does not account for individual nutritional needs. Signup and view all the answers

What must manufacturers of dietary supplements do within 30 days after introducing their products into the marketplace?

Notify the FDA about the claims on their labels. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of requiring dietary supplement manufacturers to evaluate the purity, quality, strength, and composition of their products before marketing them?

To ensure that dietary supplements are safe and contain the ingredients listed on the label. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a health claim and a structure/function claim?

A health claim is related to disease prevention, while a structure/function claim is related to maintenance of healthy body function. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a health claim?

This dietary supplement can help lower blood pressure. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Food and Dietary Supplement Labels

The FDA regulates and monitors information on food labels, including claims about the health benefits of ingredients.
Nearly all foods and beverages sold in grocery stores must have labels that provide:
- Product name
- Manufacturer's name and address
- Amount of product in the package
Labels for fresh and frozen fruits and vegetables, fresh poultry, fish, and shellfish, and other foods must declare the product's country of origin.
Ingredients list is an important component of a label, and products with more than one ingredient must display the list in descending order by weight.

Nutrition Facts Panel

The Nutrition Facts panel displays information about:
- Serving size
- Servings per container
- Energy and nutrient contents (e.g., fat, carbohydrates, fiber, protein)
- Vitamins and minerals (e.g., vitamin D, calcium, iron)
The panel uses grams (g) and milligrams (mg) to indicate amounts of nutrients.
Manufacturers can also include information about polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats, and micronutrients.
Fresh foods such as chopped meat and poultry, and major cuts, require a Nutrition Facts label.

Daily Values (DVs)

DVs are nutrient standards for labeling purposes, based on a standard diet that supplies 2000 kcal/day.
DVs are sex-, age-, and life stage-specific.
The goal is to obtain at least 100% of the DVs for fiber, vitamins, and most minerals each day.
Limit intake of foods with high %DVs of total fat, saturated fat, added sugars, and sodium.

The FDA permits food manufacturers to include certain health claims on food labels.
Health claims describe how a food, food ingredient, or dietary supplement may reduce the risk of a nutrition-related condition.
Claims must be:
- Complete, easy to understand, honest, and not misleading
- Based on scientific evidence
- For a product that has 10% or more of the DVs for a particular nutrient
Examples of permissible health claims include:
- "Diets low in saturated fat and cholesterol may reduce the risk of heart disease."
- "Diets containing foods that are good sources of potassium and that are low in sodium may reduce the risk of high blood pressure and stroke."

Structure/Function Claims

Structure/function claims describe the role a nutrient or dietary supplement plays in maintaining a structure or promoting a normal function.
Examples include:
- "Calcium builds strong bones."
- "Fiber maintains bowel regularity."
These claims cannot imply that a product can be used to prevent or treat a serious health condition.

Nutrient Content Claims

Nutrient content claims describe levels of nutrients in packaged foods.
Examples include:
- "Free" (less than 0.5 g of a nutrient per serving)
- "High" (5 g or more of a nutrient per serving)
- "Low" (less than 3 g of a nutrient per serving)
- "Reduced" (at least 25% less of a nutrient per serving than the reference food)

Dietary Supplement Labels

Dietary supplement containers must be properly labeled.
Labels must include information about:
- Product name
- Manufacturer's name and address
- Amount of product in the container
- Ingredients and their amounts### Dietary Supplement Labels
Must include the term "dietary supplement" or similar terms that describe the product's particular ingredient (e.g., "herbal supplement" or "vitamin C supplement")
Required to display:
List of ingredients
Manufacturer's address
Suggested dosage
Must include the "Supplement Facts" panel, which provides information about:
Serving size
Amount per serving
Percent Daily Value (%DV) for ingredients, if established

% Daily Value (%DV)

Standard desirable or maximum intakes for many nutrients
Not established for non-nutrient products, including herbal supplements

Health Claims and Disclaimers

A health claim on the label must be followed by the FDA disclaimer
FDA does not permit manufacturers to market a dietary supplement product as a treatment or cure for a disease, or to relieve signs or symptoms of a disease
Structure/function claims are allowed, but must include the FDA's disclaimer if the claim has not been evaluated by the agency
Example of a structure/function claim: "Iron is necessary for healthy red blood cell formation"

FDA Regulations

Does not require dietary supplement manufacturers or sellers to provide evidence that labeling claims are accurate or truthful before they appear on product containers
Manufacturers must notify the FDA about structure/function claims on labels within 30 days after introducing the products into the marketplace
Manufacturers are responsible for providing the FDA with evidence that their products are safe and the claims on labels are honest and not misleading
FDA requires dietary supplement manufacturers to evaluate the purity, quality, strength, and composition of their products before marketing them

Food and Dietary Supplement Labels

The FDA regulates and monitors information on food labels, including claims about the health benefits of ingredients.
Nearly all foods and beverages sold in grocery stores must have labels that provide:
- Product name
- Manufacturer's name and address
- Amount of product in the package
Labels for fresh and frozen fruits and vegetables, fresh poultry, fish, and shellfish, and other foods must declare the product's country of origin.
Ingredients list is an important component of a label, and products with more than one ingredient must display the list in descending order by weight.

Nutrition Facts Panel

The Nutrition Facts panel displays information about:
- Serving size
- Servings per container
- Energy and nutrient contents (e.g., fat, carbohydrates, fiber, protein)
- Vitamins and minerals (e.g., vitamin D, calcium, iron)
The panel uses grams (g) and milligrams (mg) to indicate amounts of nutrients.
Manufacturers can also include information about polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats, and micronutrients.
Fresh foods such as chopped meat and poultry, and major cuts, require a Nutrition Facts label.

Daily Values (DVs)

DVs are nutrient standards for labeling purposes, based on a standard diet that supplies 2000 kcal/day.
DVs are sex-, age-, and life stage-specific.
The goal is to obtain at least 100% of the DVs for fiber, vitamins, and most minerals each day.
Limit intake of foods with high %DVs of total fat, saturated fat, added sugars, and sodium.

The FDA permits food manufacturers to include certain health claims on food labels.
Health claims describe how a food, food ingredient, or dietary supplement may reduce the risk of a nutrition-related condition.
Claims must be:
- Complete, easy to understand, honest, and not misleading
- Based on scientific evidence
- For a product that has 10% or more of the DVs for a particular nutrient
Examples of permissible health claims include:
- "Diets low in saturated fat and cholesterol may reduce the risk of heart disease."
- "Diets containing foods that are good sources of potassium and that are low in sodium may reduce the risk of high blood pressure and stroke."

Structure/Function Claims

Structure/function claims describe the role a nutrient or dietary supplement plays in maintaining a structure or promoting a normal function.
Examples include:
- "Calcium builds strong bones."
- "Fiber maintains bowel regularity."
These claims cannot imply that a product can be used to prevent or treat a serious health condition.

Nutrient Content Claims

Nutrient content claims describe levels of nutrients in packaged foods.
Examples include:
- "Free" (less than 0.5 g of a nutrient per serving)
- "High" (5 g or more of a nutrient per serving)
- "Low" (less than 3 g of a nutrient per serving)
- "Reduced" (at least 25% less of a nutrient per serving than the reference food)

Dietary Supplement Labels

Dietary supplement containers must be properly labeled.
Labels must include information about:
- Product name
- Manufacturer's name and address
- Amount of product in the container
- Ingredients and their amounts### Dietary Supplement Labels
Must include the term "dietary supplement" or similar terms that describe the product's particular ingredient (e.g., "herbal supplement" or "vitamin C supplement")
Required to display:
List of ingredients
Manufacturer's address
Suggested dosage
Must include the "Supplement Facts" panel, which provides information about:
Serving size
Amount per serving
Percent Daily Value (%DV) for ingredients, if established

% Daily Value (%DV)

Standard desirable or maximum intakes for many nutrients
Not established for non-nutrient products, including herbal supplements

Health Claims and Disclaimers

A health claim on the label must be followed by the FDA disclaimer
FDA does not permit manufacturers to market a dietary supplement product as a treatment or cure for a disease, or to relieve signs or symptoms of a disease
Structure/function claims are allowed, but must include the FDA's disclaimer if the claim has not been evaluated by the agency
Example of a structure/function claim: "Iron is necessary for healthy red blood cell formation"

FDA Regulations

Does not require dietary supplement manufacturers or sellers to provide evidence that labeling claims are accurate or truthful before they appear on product containers
Manufacturers must notify the FDA about structure/function claims on labels within 30 days after introducing the products into the marketplace
Manufacturers are responsible for providing the FDA with evidence that their products are safe and the claims on labels are honest and not misleading
FDA requires dietary supplement manufacturers to evaluate the purity, quality, strength, and composition of their products before marketing them

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Description

Learn about food and dietary supplement labels, including the Nutrition Facts panel and FDA-approved nutrition-related claims. Compare ingredients and numbers to make informed choices.