Flockhart Table and P450 Drug Interactions

Drugs that are broken down by a specific cytochrome P450 enzyme.

Drugs that block or prevent a cytochrome P450 enzyme from breaking down other drugs.

Drugs that increase the activity of a cytochrome P450 enzyme, making it break down other drugs faster.

The Flockhart Table™ is a reference tool that lists drugs based on their interaction with specific cytochrome P450 enzymes.

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are a group of proteins found in the liver that play a crucial role in metabolizing drugs. They are also involved in breaking down many other substances in the body.

CYP3A4 is a major cytochrome P450 enzyme responsible for metabolizing a wide variety of drugs, accounting for up to 50% of drug metabolism.

Knowing which CYP enzyme is primarily involved in a drug's metabolism allows prescribers to anticipate potential drug interactions.

Drugs that inhibit the same CYP enzyme can compete for metabolism, leading to higher levels of one or both drugs in the body. This could result in increased side effects or toxicity.

Drugs that activate the same CYP enzyme can accelerate the metabolism of other drugs, leading to lower levels of those drugs in the body. This could result in decreased effectiveness.

The Flockhart Table™ provides lists of inhibitors and activators for each CYP enzyme, allowing prescribers to identify potential drug interactions based on a drug's known CYP substrate.

Antidepressants, antipsychotics, anti-epileptics, and beta blockers are drug classes often involved in significant drug interactions.

Drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 represent a significant portion of commonly prescribed medications, making it crucial to understand potential interactions involving this enzyme.

The Flockhart Table™ provides crucial information for prescribers to enhance the safety and effectiveness of drug therapy.

Drug interactions can significantly impact the effectiveness and safety of medications. Understanding how drugs are metabolized by CYP enzymes is crucial for preventing adverse outcomes.

By using the Flockhart Table™ and considering the CYP enzymes involved in a drug's metabolism, prescribers can make informed decisions to minimize potential drug interactions and optimize patient care.

A group of enzymes responsible for metabolizing a variety of drugs and other substances in the liver.

A specific enzyme belonging to the Cytochrome P450 family, involved in the metabolism of various drugs.

The phenomenon where one drug affects the metabolism of another drug.

A drug that can increase the activity of another drug, leading to higher levels in the body.

A drug that can decrease the activity of another drug, leading to lower levels in the body.

A drug that is metabolized by the CYP3A4 enzyme.

A list of drugs that are known to be metabolized by specific CYP enzymes.

The study of how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted.

The process by which drugs are broken down into smaller molecules.

The process by which drugs are removed from the body.

An enzyme that plays a role in the metabolism of many medications, including anti-depressants, anti-psychotics, and some anti-rejection drugs.

A type of drug interaction where one drug increases the activity of another.

When a drug's activity is increased due to its interaction with another drug.

When a drug's activity is decreased due to its interaction with another drug.

A type of drug interaction where a dangerous or unexpected reaction occurs.

St. John's Wort is a natural herbal remedy that can interact with various drugs, potentially altering their effectiveness or increasing side effects.

Rifampin is a strong antibiotic that can interact with numerous drugs, significantly impacting their effectiveness and potentially leading to adverse reactions.

Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant drug that can interact with other medications, potentially causing dangerous side effects.

Omeprazole is a medication used to treat heartburn and acid reflux. It can interact with other drugs affecting their absorption or effectiveness.

Tobacco use can interact with numerous medications, potentially altering their effectiveness and causing severe side effects.

An enzyme that plays a role in the metabolism of many drugs.

A drug that is broken down (metabolized) by a CYP enzyme.

A drug that blocks the activity of a CYP enzyme, preventing it from metabolizing other drugs.

The amount of a drug in the blood over time.

A strong CYP inhibitor causes a more than 5-fold increase in the AUC of a substrate drug.

A moderate CYP inhibitor causes a 2 to 5-fold increase in the AUC of a substrate drug.

A weak CYP inhibitor causes a 1.25 to 2-fold increase in the AUC of a substrate drug.

The rate at which a drug is removed from the body.

Drugs that increase the activity of a specific enzyme, leading to faster breakdown of other medications.

An enzyme inducer that can increase the metabolism of drugs like warfarin and theophylline.

A potent enzyme inducer used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder. It can affect the effectiveness of several drugs.

This anti-HIV drug can induce the metabolism of other drugs.

An anti-inflammatory drug that can induce the breakdown of other drugs.

Enzyme induction can lead to this: drugs are eliminated from the body faster, potentially reducing their effectiveness.

Enzyme inducers can affect drug levels and effectiveness. This is important to consider when prescribing drugs and monitoring their effectiveness.