First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Quiz

Indigenous Veterans Day

• Indigenous Veterans Day recognizes Indigenous veterans who served in various wars and conflicts, highlighting their contributions, sacrifices, and valor in the armed forces.

Notable Indigenous Women

• Charlotte Edith Monture was the first Indigenous woman in Canada to become a registered nurse and made significant contributions to nursing during her career.
• Mary Greyeyes was a Cree woman who was the first Indigenous Canadian woman to join the Canadian Women's Army Corps during World War II.

Forgotten Soldiers

• Forgotten Soldiers refers to the Indigenous soldiers who served in various wars, including World War I and World War II, and their contributions being overlooked or not adequately recognized in historical narratives.
• Soldiers were denied veterans benefits, faced discrimination, hardships, and unfair treatment.

Bill C-51

• Bill C-51 is Canada’s antiterrorism legislation introduced in 2014, which came into force in 2015, allowing Indigenous public voices and communications to be criminalized.
• Private conversations can be monitored and collected as evidence of terrorist activities.

Pemoussa

• Pemoussa was a Fox war chief who played a significant role in the events surrounding the conflicts known as the Fox Wars in the early 18th century.
• Pemoussa involved in negotiations and appeals to the French for mediation and peace between the Fox Native American tribe and the French-allied indigenous nations.

Fox Wars

• Who: The French and the Meskwaki (also known as Fox), a Native American tribe.
• What: Conflicts between the French settlers and the Meskwaki tribe over control of the river system vital for the fur trade, specifically access to the Mississippi River and trading partners in the West.
• Where: Great Lakes region of North America, in the region known as "pays d'en haut" (upper country) in the North American interior.
• When: In two periods from 1712 to 1733.
• Why: The French wanted control of the river systems for fur trade and expansion to access the Mississippi River and trade with Indigenous nations in the West.

Iroquois War

• Who: Involved the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois), tribes of the Ohio Country and the Great Lakes, who were backed by the French.
• What: A prolonged conflict where the Iroquois employed guerrilla tactics against the French colonists' more traditional field warfare strategies.

Métis Flag

• The Métis Flag is a symbol representing the Métis people and their heritage, featuring a white infinity symbol on a background of either blue (representing French ancestry) or red (representing English ancestry).

Annie Bannatyne

• Who: Annie Bannatyne, a Métis woman, one of the “first ladies” of the Red River.
• What: Daughter of Andrew McDermot and Annie Thomas, and she married Andrew Graham Ballenden Bannatyne, a prominent businessman and one of the founding fathers of Manitoba.
• Where: Lived in the Red River Settlement in Manitoba, Canada.
• When: 1830-1908
• Why: Annie Bannatyne's marriage and connections played a role in the political and social landscape of the Red River Settlement, given her husband's influence and involvement in the region.

Dorothy Chartrand

• Who: Dorothy Chartrand, a Métis Grandmother.
• What: Shared her family and community stories through storytelling sessions, particularly about Métis women and their roles in history.

British North American Act

• The British North American Act, now known as the Constitution Act, 1867, was an important piece of legislation that established Canada as a self-governing dominion within the British Empire.
• It outlined the distribution of powers between the federal and provincial governments and formed the legal framework for Canada's political structure until the enactment of the Constitution Act, 1982.

Kiciwamanawak

• Kiciwamanawak refers to a territory where Cree law applied and where an agreement or treaty was entered into between the Cree and settlers, inviting the newcomers to live by Cree laws and coexist harmoniously.

Gdoo-naaganinaa

• Gdoo-naaganinaa refers to a pre-colonial treaty between the Nishnaabeg and the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, symbolizing shared ecology and territory in southern Ontario.

Bimaadiziwin

• Bimaadiziwin refers to "living the good life" and embodies a way of life ensuring individuals live in balance with the natural world, their family, clan, and nation.
• It involves a set of ethics, values, and practices that are crucial in Nishnaabeg culture, guiding decisions at both individual and collective levels.

Treaty 1

• Treaty 1 refers to one of the numbered treaties signed between the Canadian government and various Indigenous groups.
• Signed on August 3, 1871, at Lower Fort Garry in Manitoba.

Indigenous Groups

• First Nations: Refers to Indigenous persons distinct from Métis or Inuit, legally considered "Indians" in the Constitution Act 1982, Section 35.
• Métis: Refers to an Indigenous person who self-identifies as Métis, has historic Métis Nation ancestry, is distinct from other Aboriginal Peoples, and is accepted by the Métis nation.
• Inuit: Indigenous persons whose roots stem from Inuit Nunangat (the Canadian Arctic).
• Aboriginal: A term used in the Canadian Constitution Act of 1982 to describe First Nations, Métis, and Inuit whose rights are recognized and affirmed within the document.