First Aid for Concussion and Compression Injuries
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Questions and Answers

What is a common symptom of compression injury?

  • Unequal size of pupils (correct)
  • Local scalp pain
  • Steady breathing
  • Decreasing level of consciousness

Which symptom might a casualty report after regaining consciousness?

  • Severe overall headache
  • Seeing stars (correct)
  • Shallow breathing
  • Fractured skull

What is the purpose of helmets according to the text?

  • Protect against compression injury
  • Avoid memory loss
  • Prevent nausea and vomiting
  • Shield against fractures (correct)

What action should be taken if a casualty has decreased consciousness after a blow to the head?

<p>Keep the casualty still (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial to monitor a casualty's vital signs after a head injury?

<p>To identify signs of compression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one symptom that usually worsens with time in compression injuries?

<p>Severe overall headache (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common demographic for experiencing a broken hip?

<p>Elderly individuals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended assessment to be done in a young, healthy person with a suspected fractured upper leg?

<p>Check for head or spinal injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should you position the splints when immobilizing an injured knee?

<p>Above and below the fracture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order for tying bandages when splinting a leg from chest to ankle?

<p>From the unstable end to the stable end (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if an injured leg cannot straighten easily or causes increased pain during straightening attempts?

<p>Immobilize it in the position found (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should you tie off all bandages when using long and short splints?

<p>On the splint itself at different heights (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What signs and symptoms may indicate a possible fracture of the skull or facial bones?

<p>Deformed skull, swollen or bruised scalp, and confusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should a head/spinal injury be suspected?

<p>In incidents involving car accidents or falls from 6 feet or more (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be suspected if a casualty complains of pain in the head and neck?

<p>Spinal injury (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom does NOT indicate a possible head injury?

<p>Pain in the injury site (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should an unconscious casualty with a head injury be turned to the side quickly?

<p>To prevent breathing difficulties (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean if an individual has straw-colored fluid coming from their nose or ear(s)?

<p>They have a possible fracture of the skull or facial bones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if a casualty with a concussion appears to recover quickly?

<p>Advise them to get medical help immediately (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a casualty with a suspected spinal injury is placed face-up?

<p>Monitor their breathing continuously (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if there is damage to the spinal cord or nerves following an injury?

<p>Complete and permanent loss of feeling and paralysis below the injury point (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should first aid for a spinal injury be administered?

<p>Immediately if any chance of spinal injury exists (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be used to assess the possibility of a spinal injury in an emergency situation?

<p>History of the scene and mechanism of injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the history of the scene suggests a spinal injury, what action should be taken?

<p>Administer first aid for a spinal injury immediately (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended position for immobilizing an injured finger or thumb?

<p>Curled and supported by padding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it advised to leave the fingertips visible when securing a splint?

<p>To check for circulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of securing the splint with a roller bandage?

<p>To immobilize the arm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the position of function preferred for immobilizing an injured hand?

<p>It is safer and more comfortable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a splint is not available to immobilize an injured finger?

<p>Secure to the injured finger beside it (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which complication can arise from a fractured upper leg (femur)?

<p>Internal bleeding causing shock (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a break or crack in a bone?

<p>Fracture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In cases of a closed fracture, what is the characteristic of the skin over the fracture?

<p>It is normal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of force can cause a fracture by a twisting motion?

<p>Shearing force (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bone disease can make bones very brittle and prone to fractures with minimal force?

<p>Osteoporosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fracture involves the skin over the fracture being broken?

<p>Open Fracture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of first aid for spinal injuries?

<p>To minimize movement of the injured area to prevent further injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if a casualty is unresponsive with a suspected head or spinal injury?

<p>Check for breathing before stabilizing the head and neck (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct way to immobilize a person with a suspected spinal injury if movement is necessary?

<p>Support the head and neck to minimize movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a casualty displays signs of a head or spinal injury but is responsive?

<p>Immediately call for medical assistance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct procedure for providing first aid if a spinal injury is suspected?

<p>Support the head and neck until professional medical help arrives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it critical to avoid unnecessary movement in the event of a suspected spinal injury?

<p>To prevent further damage to the spine or nerves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of padding the splint for an injured hand?

<p>For comfort and to support the fracture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should the fingertips be left visible when securing a splint?

<p>To allow for easy checking of circulation below the injury and bandages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if bones in the hand are suspected to be fractured?

<p>Examine and position the hand for splinting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is using a cushion or pillow recommended for splinting an injured hand?

<p>It ensures proper support for the wrist and lower arm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the best position for splinting an injured hand?

<p>The position of function of the hand (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When securing a splint, why should it be positioned above the injury?

<p>To avoid restricting blood flow to the forearm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What signs and symptoms may indicate a possible head/spinal injury?

<p>Pain in the head and neck, vomiting, unconsciousness, and weakness in arms and legs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if a casualty with a head injury is unconscious and the history is unknown?

<p>Turn the casualty to the side quickly and monitor their vital signs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential indicator of a skull fracture or facial bone injury?

<p>Blood coming from the ears or nose, deformed skull, confusion, and black eye (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be suspected if a casualty has unequal pupils, stopped breathing, and pain at the injury site?

<p>Possible skull fracture or facial bone injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial to be ready to turn an unconscious casualty with a head injury to the side quickly?

<p>To reduce the risk of vomiting and aspiration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should head/spinal injury be suspected in relation to a fall?

<p>Only from heights exceeding 6 feet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended sequence for tying bandages when splinting a leg from chest to ankle?

<p>From the chest to the ankle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to give ongoing casualty care when dealing with a fractured upper leg?

<p>To ensure proper blood circulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the body should be padded before positioning the splints in a case of a fractured upper leg?

<p>Hips (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what position should splints be placed when immobilizing an injured knee?

<p>Above and below the knee joint (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk of trying to straighten an injured leg that does not move easily or causes increased pain?

<p>Worsening nerve damage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should bandages be placed when using long and short splints for a fractured upper leg?

<p>Above and below the fracture, hips, and chest (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential sign of a sprain?

<p>Unnatural movement of the joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sign typically indicates a dislocation?

<p>Unnatural shape of the bone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinctive feature of a closed fracture?

<p>Broken skin over the fracture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of fractures, what does 'crepitus' refer to?

<p>Grating sensation or sound when bone ends rub together (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of ligaments in the context of bone injuries?

<p>Limiting the range of movement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT typically associated with a sprain?

<p>'Deformity' of the bone or joint (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is common to both sprains and dislocations according to the text?

<p>Swelling of the joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main aim of first aid for bone and joint injuries based on the text?

<p>To prevent further tissue damage and reduce pain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of both fractures and dislocations?

<p>Experiencing pain and tenderness aggravated by movement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect can a dislocation have on blood vessels and nerves according to the text?

<p>It can impair circulation and sensation below the injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which joints are dislocations most commonly observed based on the information provided?

<p>Shoulder, elbow, thumb, fingers, jaw, and knee (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of checking circulation below an injury in cases of bone and joint injuries?

<p>To determine if urgent medical help is needed due to circulation impairments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a fractured elbow be immobilized if the arm is bent so the arm is in front of the chest?

<p>In an arm sling with the elbow loose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if impaired circulation is detected below an injury after immobilizing the elbow?

<p>Readjust the sling and/or bandages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be used to immobilize a forearm and wrist after examination?

<p>Broad bandages and padding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is it recommended to immobilize an injured elbow in the position found?

<p>If possible or in the position of comfort (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if an injured elbow cannot bend easily?

<p>Support at the forearm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should padding be used under the elbow when immobilizing an injured arm?

<p>To keep the arm in the most comfortable position (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of first aid for spinal injuries?

<p>To prevent further injury by immobilizing the injured area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of spinal injuries, what should be done as soon as a head or spinal injury is suspected?

<p>Keep the casualty still and support their head and neck (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if a casualty is unresponsive and showing signs of shock but has no visible head or spinal injuries?

<p>Check for breathing before opening the airway (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial to support and immobilize the head and feet in cases of head or spinal injuries?

<p>To prevent further injury and damage to the spinal cord (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a casualty with a head or spinal injury is unresponsive but showing signs of shock?

<p>Check for breathing and open the airway without moving the casualty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a bystander needs to support a casualty's feet in cases of suspected head or spinal injuries?

<p>Instruct them to stabilize the feet until medical help arrives (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference in first aid approach between a suspected head/spinal injury and no suspected head/spinal injury?

<p>In suspected cases, keep the casualty in the found position until medical help takes over, while in non-suspected cases, place the casualty in a sitting position with the head forward. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference in managing an unconscious breathing casualty between suspected and non-suspected head/spinal injuries?

<p>In suspected cases, transport on a stretcher ensuring good drainage, while in non-suspected cases, place the unconscious breathing casualty in the recovery position. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a conscious casualty be positioned if they cannot sit comfortably?

<p>Place them in the recovery position. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one key sign of a concussion according to the text?

<p>Becoming unconscious but usually for only a few moments. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether to assess for concussion or compression following an injury?

<p>Both the mechanism of injury and signs and symptoms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when transporting a casualty on a stretcher to prevent breathing impairment?

<p>Ensure good drainage from mouth and nose. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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