First Aid for Chemical Burns

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Questions and Answers

What should be done to dry alkali residue prior to irrigation?

  • Leave it as it is
  • Wash it off with soap
  • Brush it off carefully (correct)
  • Apply a topical cream

Why should irrigation not be performed with elemental metals?

  • It may cause infection
  • It may cause hypothermia
  • It may cause allergic reactions
  • It may cause thermal injury (correct)

What should be used to soak the affected area when dealing with metallic pieces?

  • Soap and water
  • Water
  • Antiseptic solution
  • Mineral oil (correct)

What is the purpose of using pH indicator sticks in chemical burns?

<p>To monitor the efficacy of first aid measures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should hypothermia be monitored during irrigation periods?

<p>Prolonged irrigation periods may lead to it (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be followed during the treatment of chemical burns?

<p>Advanced trauma life support principles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the severity of electrical burns?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done after using a neutralising agent during chemical burns?

<p>Irrigate with tepid water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Lund and Browder chart?

<p>To estimate the severity of a burn injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of the resuscitative phase?

<p>48 to 72 hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does the rehabilitative phase commence?

<p>On day 1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the body surface area is accounted for by the buttock?

<p>2% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of familiarizing oneself with local assessment guidelines?

<p>To familiarize oneself with individual burn units' modified charts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does the acute-wound healing phase commence?

<p>As part of the secondary survey (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the resuscitative phase?

<p>Fluid resuscitation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Lund and Browder chart compared to the rule of nines?

<p>It is more accurate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary result of the inactivation of surfactant in the lungs?

<p>Atelectasis and alveolar collapse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common symptom of upper airway thermal injury?

<p>Singed facial, scalp, or nasal hair (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the destruction of cells in the airway due to inhalation injury?

<p>Bronchial congestion and infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of airway obstruction in inhalation injury?

<p>Sloughing of damaged and dead lung tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical time frame for the peak of oedema in the airway after inhalation injury?

<p>Within 12 to 36 hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of inflammatory mediators in inhalation injury?

<p>Causing oedema and respiratory obstruction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of skin burn to the neck in addition to inhalation injury?

<p>Further impeding breathing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of inflammation in inhalation injury?

<p>Localised sites within the airway (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of total body surface area burns can cause significant myocardial dysfunction?

<p>40% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible indication of myoglobinuria or haemoglobinuria in a person with a burn injury?

<p>Dark-brown concentrated urine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of electrical burns on the heart?

<p>Cardiac arrhythmias (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from circumferential burns to the torso or extremities?

<p>Compartment syndrome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for inserting an IDC in a person with a burn injury?

<p>To monitor urine output (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why may circulation to the extremities be further impaired?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rates in the early stages of a burn injury?

<p>They decrease greatly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may be required after consultation with the burn surgeon?

<p>Escharotomy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible complication of myoglobinuria or haemoglobinuria?

<p>Renal failure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of a major burn injury on the immune system?

<p>It impairs the immune system function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from direct inhalation injury or as part of the systemic response to the burn?

<p>Pulmonary damage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a severe complication of pulmonary damage?

<p>Acute respiratory distress syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is released in the body as a result of a major burn injury?

<p>Inflammatory cytokines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should people with torso burns be monitored?

<p>For signs of respiratory difficulties (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fluid resuscitation in burn management?

<p>To prevent renal tubule damage and renal failure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a major burn injury on circulating immunoglobulin levels?

<p>They decrease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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