First Aid for Chemical Burns

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What should be done to dry alkali residue prior to irrigation?

Leave it as it is

Wash it off with soap

Brush it off carefully (correct)

Apply a topical cream

Why should irrigation not be performed with elemental metals?

It may cause infection

It may cause hypothermia

It may cause allergic reactions

It may cause thermal injury (correct)

What should be used to soak the affected area when dealing with metallic pieces?

Soap and water

Water

Antiseptic solution

Mineral oil (correct)

What is the purpose of using pH indicator sticks in chemical burns?

To monitor the efficacy of first aid measures Signup and view all the answers

Why should hypothermia be monitored during irrigation periods?

Prolonged irrigation periods may lead to it Signup and view all the answers

What should be followed during the treatment of chemical burns?

Advanced trauma life support principles Signup and view all the answers

What determines the severity of electrical burns?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What should be done after using a neutralising agent during chemical burns?

Irrigate with tepid water Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Lund and Browder chart?

To estimate the severity of a burn injury Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of the resuscitative phase?

48 to 72 hours Signup and view all the answers

When does the rehabilitative phase commence?

On day 1 Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the body surface area is accounted for by the buttock?

2% Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of familiarizing oneself with local assessment guidelines?

To familiarize oneself with individual burn units' modified charts Signup and view all the answers

When does the acute-wound healing phase commence?

As part of the secondary survey Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the resuscitative phase?

Fluid resuscitation Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Lund and Browder chart compared to the rule of nines?

It is more accurate Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary result of the inactivation of surfactant in the lungs?

Atelectasis and alveolar collapse Signup and view all the answers

What is the common symptom of upper airway thermal injury?

Singed facial, scalp, or nasal hair Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the destruction of cells in the airway due to inhalation injury?

Bronchial congestion and infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of airway obstruction in inhalation injury?

Sloughing of damaged and dead lung tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical time frame for the peak of oedema in the airway after inhalation injury?

Within 12 to 36 hours Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of inflammatory mediators in inhalation injury?

Causing oedema and respiratory obstruction Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of skin burn to the neck in addition to inhalation injury?

Further impeding breathing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of inflammation in inhalation injury?

Localised sites within the airway Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of total body surface area burns can cause significant myocardial dysfunction?

40% Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible indication of myoglobinuria or haemoglobinuria in a person with a burn injury?

Dark-brown concentrated urine Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of electrical burns on the heart?

Cardiac arrhythmias Signup and view all the answers

What can result from circumferential burns to the torso or extremities?

Compartment syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for inserting an IDC in a person with a burn injury?

To monitor urine output Signup and view all the answers

Why may circulation to the extremities be further impaired?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What happens to renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rates in the early stages of a burn injury?

They decrease greatly Signup and view all the answers

What may be required after consultation with the burn surgeon?

Escharotomy Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible complication of myoglobinuria or haemoglobinuria?

Renal failure Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of a major burn injury on the immune system?

It impairs the immune system function Signup and view all the answers

What can result from direct inhalation injury or as part of the systemic response to the burn?

Pulmonary damage Signup and view all the answers

What is a severe complication of pulmonary damage?

Acute respiratory distress syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is released in the body as a result of a major burn injury?

Inflammatory cytokines Signup and view all the answers

Why should people with torso burns be monitored?

For signs of respiratory difficulties Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fluid resuscitation in burn management?

To prevent renal tubule damage and renal failure Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a major burn injury on circulating immunoglobulin levels?

They decrease Signup and view all the answers