Firefighting: Adaptors, Tools, and Appliances

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Questions and Answers

In the context of fire service operations, what is the primary function of a double female coupling?

  • To connect a male hose end to a female appliance inlet.
  • To adapt a hose line to a hydrant with a different thread type.
  • To connect two male hose ends together. (correct)
  • To connect two female hose ends together.

What is the specific purpose of a double male coupling in fireground operations?

  • Connecting two female ends of hoses. (correct)
  • Reducing the water pressure in a hose line.
  • Connecting two male ends of hoses.
  • Adapting a larger diameter hose to a smaller appliance.

What critical feature must be engaged to disconnect a Storz adaptor coupling?

  • Rocker buttons. (correct)
  • A manual twist lock.
  • A threaded release valve.
  • A compression lever.

How can fire personnel recognize an adaptor designed to connect a hose line to 4-inch Philly hydrant threads from other adaptors?

<p>By the presence of 'wings'. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a rope hose tool?

<p>To secure a fire hose to a stationary object. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A gated wye is equipped with what type of valves to control the flow of water to individual hose lines?

<p>Quarter-turn-ball valves. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What specific component prevents backflow in a Siamese fitting?

<p>A clapper valve. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the designated pressure setting of the adjustable dump valve on the 5" manifold?

<p>175 PSI (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What critical function does a 2 1/2" hydrant gate serve when placed one length behind a master stream device?

<p>Acting as a shut-off valve. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the capacity of the Akron Mid-Range Assault Style 4863 nozzle?

<p>The baffle. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the Akron Mid-Range Assault Style 4863 nozzle regarding the flow rate in different stream patterns?

<p>It has a constant gallonage; GPM does not change between stream patterns. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when the fog tip is removed from the Akron Mid-Range Assault Style 4866 nozzle?

<p>It exposes 1 ½&quot; threads and a 15/16&quot; smooth bore slug tip. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the operational procedure for the Distributor Nozzle, also known as a 'Bresnan' Distributor'?

<p>It is lowered through an opening to fight fires in concealed spaces. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the 2 ½" In-Line Pressure Gauge included in the high-rise kit?

<p>To properly set pressures on the attack package. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the high-rise 45 degree drain elbow?

<p>To eliminate hose-line kinking and allow bleeding of pressure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the hybrid hose system?

<p>A combination of 1 3/4&quot; and 2 1/2&quot; hose lines. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What flow rate does the 1 ½" smooth bore nozzle with a 7/8" tip provide when attached to the lead length of the hybrid system, assuming 50 LBS of nozzle pressure?

<p>160 GPM (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary operational duty dictated to each member in the implementation of the manual chapter?

<p>To exercise appropriate control as dictated by rank. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances is using an all 2 ½" operation allowed when using a hybrid hose system?

<p>When conditions dictate. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fire department discovers that their 5" Storz Gate Valves are not functioning correctly. Which of the following is the MOST LIKELY cause given their design?

<p>Debris or damage to the quick connect fitting. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be the MOST appropriate appliance to select when needing to supply two separate attack lines from a single water source?

<p>A gated wye. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fire attack team is preparing to enter a commercial structure and anticipates a high heat environment. Which nozzle would BEST support their need for both reach and thermal protection, assuming all are in good working condition?

<p>A 2 ½&quot; smooth bore nozzle with a 1-1/8&quot; tip for maximum flow. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fire department is responding to a high-rise fire. Which component would be BEST to include in their equipment cache to reduce kinking in the hose-line?

<p>A high-rise 45 degree drain elbow. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a situation where a fire crew needs to quickly establish a water supply from two different sources into a single supply line, which appliance would be MOST appropriate?

<p>A Siamese fitting. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fire department utilizes a hybrid hose system in their standpipe operations. Which of the following scenarios would MOST likely prompt the transition from the 1 ¾" lead lines to an all 2 ½" hose line configuration?

<p>When encountering a rapidly escalating fire in a commercial structure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fire attack team is advancing on a structure fire using an Akron Mid-Range Assault Style 4863 nozzle. They need to increase their reach significantly while maintaining a usable stream. What adjustment would BEST achieve this goal?

<p>Increase the nozzle pressure to 100 PSI. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fire department is tasked with developing a training program focused on the practical applications of various fireground tools and appliances. Which training activity would BEST reinforce the understanding and utilization of a rope hose tool?

<p>Simulating a hose drag operation where the rope tool is used to secure and maneuver a charged hoseline. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fire department is inspecting their high-rise kit and discovers that the clapper valve in a Siamese fitting is heavily corroded. What is the MOST critical risk associated with deploying this fitting in its current condition?

<p>Backflow of water through the unused intake, potentially endangering water supply. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a fire in a commercial building, firefighters encounter a room with limited visibility and suspected fire below the floor. Which nozzle would be MOST appropriate for extinguishing the concealed fire while minimizing disruption to the room's contents?

<p>A distributor nozzle. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fire engine is equipped with an Akron Mid-Range Assault Style 4863 nozzle. The pump operator is trying to determine the optimal nozzle pressure (NP) to achieve a flow rate of 176 gallons per minute (GPM). According to the provided chart, what should the pump operator target as the nozzle pressure?

<p>60 PSI (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fire department is reviewing its inventory of high-rise firefighting equipment. Which of the following BEST describes the primary benefit of including a 2 ½" to 1 ½" swivel reducer in the high-rise kit?

<p>Enables quick and easy attachment of 2 ½&quot; hose to the lead lengths of 1 ¾&quot; in the hybrid system. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Firefighters are advancing a hose line into a structure when the line becomes momentarily snagged behind furniture. To prevent kinking and potential damage to the hose, they opt to relieve the pressure. What high-rise component should be selected for its purpose?

<p>High-rise 45 degree drain elbow. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fire department is establishing a water supply at a structure fire. They have a 5" Storz connection available but need to supply multiple 2 ½" hose lines for fire attack. Which appliance would BEST facilitate this setup?

<p>A 5&quot; manifold. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Firefighters are using an Akron Mid-Range Assault Style 4863 nozzle. The nozzle reaction is causing difficulty maintaining control of the hose line. Which adjustment would BEST reduce the nozzle reaction while still providing an effective stream?

<p>Reduce the nozzle pressure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fire department is faced with a rapidly spreading fire in a large, open warehouse. What type of nozzle would be MOST effective for delivering a high volume of water to quickly knock down the fire?

<p>A 2 ½&quot; smooth bore nozzle. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using a hybrid hose system in standpipe operations compared to using only 2 ½" hose lines?

<p>Lighter weight and increased maneuverability. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fire department operates in a jurisdiction with both residential and commercial buildings. They want to equip their engines with a versatile nozzle that can be adjusted for different fire conditions. Which nozzle would be MOST suitable for this purpose?

<p>An Akron Mid-Range Assault Style 4863. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST critical operational benefit of utilizing a gated wye in fireground operations, especially in situations with limited staffing?

<p>It allows for a single supply line to be split into multiple attack lines, enabling firefighters to direct water streams in different directions or to different locations simultaneously. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a scenario where a fire department utilizes a 5" manifold for a large-scale incident, what would be the MOST effective strategy to maximize its potential and minimize the risk of system failure?

<p>Implementing a regular maintenance schedule that includes inspecting and lubricating the manifold's valves and couplings, in addition to verifying the accuracy of the adjustable dump valve's pressure setting. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a rapid intervention scenario at a structure fire, a firefighter discovers a downed firefighter whose hose line is severely kinked, restricting water flow. Considering the urgency of the situation and the tools available in the high-rise kit, which action would BEST address the immediate need to restore water flow to the downed firefighter?

<p>Employing the high-rise 45-degree drain elbow to bleed off pressure from the line at the location of the kink, allowing for easier manipulation and potential removal of the kink. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a scenario where a fire department commonly operates in an environment with a diverse range of fire hazards, including both residential and commercial structures, what strategy would BEST ensure adaptability and effectiveness in fire suppression efforts?

<p>Deploying engine companies with nozzles capable of quick pattern adjustments and flow-rate changes, supplemented by versatile tools like the gated wye and a comprehensive high-rise kit. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a structure fire, a crew is tasked with advancing a hose line into a long, narrow hallway with limited visibility. Knowing the potential for rapid fire spread and the need for both reach and maneuverability, which nozzle and operational strategy would BEST balance these competing priorities?

<p>Employ the Akron Mid-Range Assault Style 4866 nozzle with the fog tip removed exposing the 15/16&quot; smooth bore slug tip to maximize reach and penetration, and avoid a wide angle. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Manual Chapter Focus

Adaptors, tools, and appliances found on an engine company.

Double Female Coupling

A coupling with female threads of equal size on both ends, used to connect two male ends.

Double Male Coupling

A coupling with male threads of equal size on both ends, used to connect two female ends.

Storz Adaptor Coupling

Has male NST threads to connect to a “sexless” coupling.

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Hydrant Reducer

An adaptor used to connect a hose line to the 4' Philly hydrant threads.

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Rope Hose Tool

A 4' rope designed to be looped around the hose and secured to a object.

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Gated Wye

An appliance to branch a singular water source into two or more hose lines.

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Siamese Fitting

An appliance to connect two or more lines into one line or two lines into an engine or appliance

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Mini-Manifold

Appliance to deliver water to the incident attached to the engine's large diameter hose (LDH).

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5' Manifold

Designed to utilize increased flow capabilities of large diameter hose

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2 1/2' Hydrant Gate

Controls the flow of water from a 3' supply line or the 2 ½' hose line.

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5' Stortz Gate Valve

Use for 5' large diameter hose.

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Akron Mid-Range Assault Style 4863

The primary nozzle in the PFD.

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Akron Mid-Range Assault Style 4863

Constant gallonage nozzle designed to flow a variety of GPM at different pressures.

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Akron Mid-Range Assault Style 4866

Style that operates the same as the 4863

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Distributor Nozzle

Designed to throw a heavy spray of water over an area 30 feet in diameter.

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High-Rise Bag

Issued to all engine companies to carry the compliment of the stand-pipe equipment.

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2 1/2' In-Line Pressure Gauge

Attached to the standpipe outlet and allows companies to properly set pressures based on the attack package

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2 1/2' Gate

Used in standpipe operations in order to establish positive control of the standpipe outlet.

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High-Rise Drain Elbow

Helps to eliminate hose-line kinking.

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Hybrid Hose System

A blended system of 1 3/4' and 2 1/2' inch hose line used for standpipe operations.

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100' x 1 3/4' High-Rise Bundle

Two lengths of 1 3/4' used as the lead lengths in the hybrid system.

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2 1/2' to 1 1/2 'Swivel Reducer

2 1/2' x 1 1/2' swivel reducer allows for the quick and easy attachment of 2 1/2' to the lead lengths of 1 3/4' in the hybrid system.

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1 1/2' Smooth Bore Nozzle with Ball Valve Shut Off And 7/8' tip

Nozzle attached to the lead length of 1 3/4' in the hybrid system. Provides 160 GPM at 50 LBS of nozzle pressure

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Study Notes

Adaptors

  • Double female couplings have female threads of equal size on both ends
  • Double female couplings connect two male ends
  • Double male couplings have male threads of equal size on both ends
  • Double male couplings connect two female ends
  • A 2½" female NST to 1½" male NST serves the same purpose as a larger adaptor
  • The 2½" female NST to 1½" male NST allows the use of a 1¾" hoseline
  • Storz Adaptor Couplings have male NST threads, and connect to "sexless" couplings
  • "Sexless" couplings use a quick connect fitting
  • To release coupled hose on a Storz Adaptor Coupling, the rocker buttons must be depressed
  • Hydrant reducers connect a hose line (2 ½” threaded and 5” storz) to the 4” Philly hydrant threads
  • Hydrant reducers are recognized by their "wings"

Tools

  • A 4' rope can be looped around a hose and secured to a substantial object

Appliances

  • Gated Wyes branch a single water source into two or more hose lines
  • Gated Wyes have a female threaded inlet and male threaded outlets
  • Gated Wyes are equipped with quarter-turn-ball or gated valves
  • Siamese fittings connect two or more lines into one line or two lines into an engine or appliance
  • Siamese fittings have female threaded inlet swivels and a male threaded outlet
  • Siamese fittings are equipped with a clapper valve
  • The clapper valve prevents backflow of water through unused intakes
  • The Tri-Gated Wye (Mini-Manifold) delivers water to the incident
  • Tri-Gated Wyes attach to the engine’s large diameter hose (LDH)
  • Tri-Gated Wyes are carried to easily implement a “Manifold Reverse” lay
  • Like other wyes, the Tri-Gated Wye splits a single water source into multiple lines
  • Tri-Gated Wyes have a 5" female inlet that branches off to three 2 ½” male threads
  • Each outlet on a Tri-Gated Wye has a separate gated valve
  • The 5" manifold utilizes increased flow capabilities of large diameter hose with multiple attack lines, without requiring an additional pumper
  • The 5" manifold has an adjustable dump valve set to 175 PSI
  • The 5" manifold has a 5" Storz coupling on both the intake and discharge
  • The 5" manifold has four discharges threaded for 2 ½” National Standard Thread equipment
  • A 2 ½” Hydrant Gate is a gated valve fitting that controls the flow of water from a 3” supply line or the 2 ½” hose line
  • The 2 ½” Hydrant Gate consists of a female inlet, a gate valve with a handle, and male outlet threads
  • The 2 ½” Hydrant Gate is part of the high-rise kit
  • The 2 ½” Hydrant Gate should be placed one length behind any master stream to act as a shut off
  • The 5” Storz Gate Valve is for 5” large diameter hose
  • A 5” Storz Gate Valve has male NST threads that connect to a “sexless” coupling that uses a quick connect fitting.

Nozzles and Tips

  • The Akron Mid-Range Assault is the primary nozzle in the PFD
  • The Akron Mid-Range Assault can be used with 1 ¾” hose line
  • The Akron Mid-Range Assault has 1 ½” female threads and a fixed orifice with a baffle
  • The baffle determines the capacity of the nozzle
  • The current PFD model of the Akron Mid-Range Assault is rated for 200 GPM @ 75 PSI
  • The Akron Mid-Range Assault is a constant gallonage nozzle and is designed to flow a variety of GPM at different pressures
  • The Akron Mid-Range Assault operates in both straight stream and fog stream
  • A ¼ turn counterclockwise on the Akron Mid-Range Assault produces a fog stream
  • The GPMs delivered by the Akron Mid-Range Assault do not change based on fog or straight stream
  • The Akron Mid-Range Assault Style 4866 operates the same as the 4863
  • The Akron Mid-Range Assault Style 4866 has a break-away fog tip
  • When the fog tip is removed on the Akron Mid-Range Assault Style 4866, it exposes 1 ½” threads and an internal 15/16” smooth bore slug tip
  • The 1 ½” threads on the Akron Mid-Range Assault Style 4866 allows for line to be extended
  • The 15/16” internal smooth bore slug tip.flows at 185 GPM @ 50 PSI
  • The Distributor Nozzle (“Bresnan” Distributor) throws a heavy spray of water over an area 30 feet in diameter
  • The Distributor Nozzle is operated by lowering through an opening in a floor, decking, or roof, to the involved space below
  • The Distributor Nozzle is equipped with a 2 ½” female swivel inlet and a rotating head
  • The Distributor Nozzle flows at 260 GPM at 100 PSI

High-Rise Kit

  • All engine companies are issued a High-Rise Bag to carry standpipe equipment
  • High-Rise Bags feature internal and external pockets, ideal for door chocks, pipe wrenches, wire brushes and adapters
  • A 2 ½” In-Line Pressure Gauge attaches to the standpipe outlet
  • The 2 ½” In-Line Pressure Gauge allows companies to properly set pressures based on the attack package (e.g., hybrid-system)
  • A 2 ½” gate valve is used in standpipe operations for positive control of the standpipe outlet
  • The 2 ½” gate valve is stored in the high-rise bag with the gate open and attached directly to the standpipe outlet
  • The High-Rise 45 degree Drain Elbow eliminates hose-line kinking
  • The drain valve allows the bleeding of pressure in the event lines are caught under doors or in railings
  • The High-Rise 45 degree Drain Elbow is most often employed on Class I or III outlets that are in tight spaces or recessed in cabinets

Hybrid Hose System

  • The hybrid hose system is a blended system of 1 ¾” and 2 ½” inch hose line for standpipe operations
  • The hybrid hose system is reserved for residential settings
  • The hybrid hose system allows for a quick transition to an all 2 ½” operation if conditions dictate
  • A 100’ x 1 ¾” High-Rise Bundle consists of two lengths of 1 ¾” used as the lead lengths in the hybrid system
  • 2- 50’ x 2 ½” High-Rise Bundles have 2- 50’ lengths of 2 ½” hose line
  • A 2 ½” x 1 ½” swivel reducer allows for the quick and easy attachment of 2 ½” to the lead lengths of 1 ¾” in the hybrid system
  • 2 ½” x 1 ½” reducers also come in a “fixed” version to take larger hose lines and reduce them down to smaller hose lines
  • A 1 ½” smooth bore nozzle with ball valve shut off and 7/8” tip attaches to the lead length of 1 ¾” in the hybrid system
  • A 1 ½” smooth bore nozzle with ball valve shut off and 7/8” tip provides 160 GPM at 50 LBS of nozzle pressure
  • A 2 ½” smooth bore nozzle with ball valve shut off and 1-1/8” tip attaches to 2 ½” inch hose line for use in commercial or uncompartmentalized spaces

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