Firearms Training: Stress Combat Courses

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Questions and Answers

What is the goal of the stress combat courses?

To build awareness, skills, confidence, and proper habits in trainees (correct)

To focus solely on shot placement

To teach combat loading and reloading techniques only

To familiarize trainees with firearms accidents

Which of the following is NOT an objective of the stress combat courses?

Demonstrate proficiency in shooting stress combat courses

Identify officer survival concepts

Focus on handgun training only (correct)

Explain stress-related concepts

What is the overall goal of the basic fundamentals of marksmanship?

To familiarize trainees with firearms

To build confidence in trainees

To achieve shot placement (correct)

To teach combat loading techniques

What type of targets may be used in the stress combat courses?

Multiple friend or foe targets, including moving targets Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary emphasis of the stress combat courses?

Obtaining cover and concealment Signup and view all the answers

How long is the Firearms Section: 1608 Stress Combat Courses instructor-led course?

4 hours Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of officers killed were attacked with guns?

95% Signup and view all the answers

How many seconds do confrontations usually last?

2-3 seconds Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of officers managed to shoot back at their assailants?

27% Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of handgun readiness?

To prepare for a situation where someone has a deadly weapon Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'ostrich effect' in armed encounters?

When an officer observes danger but doesn't recognize it Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of survival loading techniques?

To prepare for common and exceptional situations Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'Fatal Funnel Effect'?

When an officer approaches a doorway or narrow space Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of center mass shooting?

To disrupt an assailant's life support structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the officer survival triangle composed of?

Tactics, shooting skill, and physical conditioning Signup and view all the answers

How far away are most officers killed from their assailants?

Less than 7 yards Signup and view all the answers

What does the shooter do after loading the shotgun with two rounds of 00 Buckshot and two slug rounds?

They replace the shotgun on the table with the safety on Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of doing ten pushups, jumping jacks, etc. during the course?

To increase the shooter's heart rate to simulate stress Signup and view all the answers

What must the shooter do after engaging all hostile targets in shooting box one?

Move to shooting box two Signup and view all the answers

How many rounds of ammunition are issued to the shooter in the handgun course?

18 rounds Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the instructor following the shooter from shooting station to shooting station?

To ensure the shooter's safety Signup and view all the answers

What is allowed in the handgun course to simulate real-life situations?

Using cover and concealment as tactically possible Signup and view all the answers

What does the shooter do after engaging all hostile targets in shooting box two?

They move to shooting box three Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the arrangement of the shoot and no-shoot targets between each shooter?

They are changed completely Signup and view all the answers

What is the shooter's final action in the shotgun course?

They return the shotgun to the table with the action open Signup and view all the answers

What happens after all shooters have completed the course?

The course is repeated with new targets Signup and view all the answers

What should be controlled by implementing the survival triangle according to the text?

Time, colors, and distance perception Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of all armed encounters involve multiple adversaries?

40% Signup and view all the answers

What type of ammunition is appropriate to use when there is a concern with over-penetration and shots are within 30 yards?

#4 Buck Shot Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for 'accidental' discharges and 'malfunctions' according to the text?

Human error or neglect Signup and view all the answers

What should an officer consider before shooting?

Where the bullet might end up Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of issuing a verbal challenge in armed encounters?

To buy time to establish the suspect's identity and intentions Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of an instructor during the shotgun application?

To follow the shooter from station to station for safety purposes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using cover and concealment during the shotgun application?

To reduce the risk of being hit Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of having the shooter stand at the starting box and await the instructor's commands?

To ensure the shooter is ready to engage the target Signup and view all the answers

What type of rounds are issued to the shooter at the starting box?

2 slug rounds and 10 .00 buckshot rounds Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Stress Combat Courses

The courses are designed to familiarize trainees with factors that affect firearms performance under high-stress conditions, building awareness, skills, confidence, and proper habits.

Objectives

Identify and explain officer survival, stress-related concepts
Demonstrate knowledge of concepts and proficiency in shooting stress combat courses
Explain the relationship between realistic firearms encounter "training" and officer reactions to live encounters

Patterns of Encounter

Distance: 85% of officers killed are less than 7 yards from their assailant
Light: 2 out of 3 fatal officer shootings occur during hours of darkness or low light
Time: Confrontations are usually over in 2-3 seconds
Shots: A total of 3 shots are exchanged between officer and assailant
Location: Assaults are 2 1/2 times more likely to occur outdoors
Assailants: 4 out of 10 shootings involve more than one assailant
Weapons: In 7 out of 10 shootings, a handgun the same caliber or smaller than the one the officer carries is used

Tactical Plans

Handgun Readiness: when approaching a situation where someone has a deadly weapon, or during high-risk activities
Shotgun Readiness: when encountering a felony in progress, hazardous vehicle stops, wanted felons, or high-risk situations
Cover and Concealment: uses obstacles to block or deflect bullets, and hiding from view to avoid being targeted
The "Ostrich Effect": ignoring or downplaying the danger of an armed encounter, leading to unpreparedness
Survival Loading Techniques: conditioning oneself to quickly replenish ammunition and get back on target in high-stress situations

Officer Survival Triangle

Tactics
Shooting skill
Mental/physical conditioning

The Fatal Funnel Effect

The danger of approaching a doorway or narrow passage during a search, placing the officer in a vulnerable position

Center Mass Shooting

Shooting to stop the aggressive action, not to wound or scare
Center mass shooting causes major interference with the suspect's life support structure, stopping the aggressive action quickly

Effects of Stress on Officer Performance

Adrenalin surge
Increased oxygen use
Diminished ability to distinguish time, colors, and distance
Pupils may dilate
Thought distraction

Stress Tactics and Techniques

Tactical use of the 12-gauge shotgun, including choice of ammunition
Armed multiple adversary encounters: prioritizing targets, using proper shooting techniques
Shooting tactics and techniques for close/distance, rapid-time frame encounters
Proper shooting tactics and techniques when movement is involved
Awareness of "accidental" discharges and "malfunctions" as a result of human error or neglect

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Description

This course simulates high-stress conditions to help trainees become aware of factors affecting firearms performance, building skills, confidence, and proper habits. It's essential for proficient firearm use.