Filipino Study Notes on Quoting and Documentation

Using someone else's ideas or words without giving them credit. This can be considered a crime in academic settings.

The process of giving credit to the original source of information used in a written work.

Punctuation marks used to enclose a direct quote from another source.

A long quote (usually more than one sentence), separated from the main text using indentation and a smaller font.

Restating someone else's ideas in your own words, while still giving credit to the original source.

Using the exact words from another source and enclosing them in quotation marks.

Formal writing produced for educational purposes, emphasizing research, clear arguments, and proper citation.

Any material used to gather information for a written work, including books, articles, websites, and interviews.

When you quote a whole paragraph, you must copy the original text exactly. If only a part of the paragraph is quoted, you must use ellipses (...) to indicate that part of the original text has been omitted.

When quoting a letter, use quotation marks to enclose the text from the greeting to the final word. Each paragraph within the letter should start with opening quotation marks.

To quote a direct statement with attribution, enclose the statement in quotation marks, followed by a dash and the source's name and date.

To quote a direct statement without mentioning the source, enclose the statement in quotation marks, followed by the speaker's name and a period.

When quoting a question or exclamation, you don't need to add a comma or period after the quoted text if the question mark or exclamation mark is already present.

When using connecting words like 'wika' (says), 'ayon kay' (according to), 'aniya' (he/she said), a comma should precede the quote.

Introducing a phrase with words like 'explained' or 'stated' requires a colon and the full stop goes after the quoted statement.

Quotation marks can signal a sarcastic or ironic tone in writing, suggesting that the words are used in a way that is different from their literal meaning.

Double quotation marks enclose a direct quote, while single quotation marks are used within double quotation marks to show a quote inside another quote.

When quoting a conversation or dialogue, each speaker's words are typically enclosed in quotation marks, especially in fictional works.

A bibliography is a list of sources used in a research paper, including books, articles, websites, etc.

The American Psychological Association (APA) format is a widely used style for documenting sources in research papers, particularly in social sciences.

This style is widely used in humanities and social sciences, and it provides a detailed guide for formatting and documenting research.

The Modern Language Association (MLA) style is commonly used in humanities and language studies for citing sources.

Different citation styles have specific formats for citing journal articles. Examples include APA, Chicago, and MLA.

Translation is the process of conveying the meaning of a text from one language (source language) to another (target language). It involves analyzing the source text, understanding its meaning, and re-creating that meaning in the target language.

The original language of a text that is being translated.

The language into which a text is being translated.

The process of translation generally involves: 1. Understanding the meaning of the source text. 2. Finding equivalent expressions in the target language. 3. Ensuring the accuracy of the translation. 4. Considering cultural differences in context and meaning.

Translation can be challenging because: 1. Languages have different structures and word meanings. 2. Cultural norms and contexts can influence meaning. 3. The translator must be aware of the intended audience and purpose of the translation.

Context plays a crucial role in translation. It refers to the surrounding information and circumstances that give meaning to a text. Translators must consider the context to understand the intended meaning and choose appropriate words in the target language.

The quality of a translation is influenced by factors including: 1. The translator's skills and knowledge of both languages. 2. The clarity of the source text. 3. The intended purpose and audience of the translation.

Translation is crucial for communication across language barriers, allowing people to share and learn about different cultures, ideas, and information. It plays a role in global businesses, diplomacy, education, and literature.

A group of writers translated select literature from neighboring countries, funded by the Toyota Foundation and the Solidarity Foundation.

A 15th-century French scholar who contributed significantly to the study of translation.

The act of transferring the meaning of the original text into the target language.

A process of finding the closest equivalent to the meaning or message contained in the original text.

A process where an oral or written statement in one language is considered to have an equivalent meaning in another language.

A process of converting a statement from one language to another, respecting the original meaning.

A creative endeavor that requires skill and artistry.

The quality of a translation is directly influenced by the original text, requiring careful analysis and consideration of its nuances.

This period saw a surge in translating English classics into Filipino, fueled by American educational policies that brought Western knowledge to the Philippines, particularly in literature. Translations were often indirect, using existing translations rather than original texts.

The third stage of translation in the Philippines focused on translating English educational materials, like textbooks, guides, and references, into Filipino. This was tied to the implementation of a bilingual education system, with Filipino taking precedence over English.

The need to translate non-Tagalog literature into Filipino arose to create a truly national literature. Before this effort, Filipino literature mostly represented Tagalog perspectives, lacking representation from other ethnic groups. The Language Education Council of the Philippines (LEDCO) and Secondary Language Teacher Education (SLATE) collaborated to translate works from seven major Philippine languages.

This period focused on translating Afro-Asian literature, driven by their inclusion in the high school curriculum. This aimed to diversify perspectives and correct a historical imbalance favoring Western literature over works from neighboring countries.

A type of translation where the source is not the original text but another translation of the original. This is common in certain periods, such as the American period in the Philippines.

Encompasses all literary works that represent the diverse cultures and languages of a nation. It seeks to capture the shared experiences and identities of all its people.

A system where two languages are used in the teaching and learning process. It aims to develop students' proficiency in both languages, promoting cultural understanding and global communication.

An initiative launched by the Language Education Council of the Philippines (LEDCO) and Secondary Language Teacher Education (SLATE) to translate non-Tagalog literature into Filipino. It aimed to create a truly national literature by incorporating works from various ethnic groups.