Filipino History and Colonial Impact

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Questions and Answers

What term is used to refer to those who oppose colonial rule in this context?

Filibusteros (correct)

Mavericks

Patriots

Revolutionaries

Which of the following is NOT listed as a form of historical source in the content?

Architecture

Written records (correct)

Oral traditions

Artifacts

How can a location be expressed according to the content?

By population density

Using abstract descriptions

In latitude and longitude (correct)

Through physical characteristics only

What does the content emphasize about the perspective of Filipino elites and the masses?

Their viewpoints differ significantly. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following figures is associated with the title of 'tulisanes'?

Macario Sakay Signup and view all the answers

What is the total land area of the Philippines excluding Sabah?

300,000 sq.km Signup and view all the answers

How many islands are composed in the national territory of the Philippines?

7,642 islands Signup and view all the answers

What is the width of the traditional belt of safety around the Philippines?

12 miles Signup and view all the answers

What is the area of Luzon, the largest island in the Philippines?

13,271 sq.km Signup and view all the answers

From a military security perspective, what is a significant concern regarding the size of the Philippines?

Lack of 'defense in depth' Signup and view all the answers

Which of these countries is slightly smaller than the Philippines?

United Kingdom Signup and view all the answers

Approximately how many of the islands in the Philippines are inhabited according to the National Mapping and Resources Information Authority?

2,000 islands Signup and view all the answers

How does the shape of a country like the Philippines influence its dynamics?

Economic, social, and political issues Signup and view all the answers

What is the nearest island to Borneo?

Omapoy Island Signup and view all the answers

What was the financial claim related to North Borneo made by the Philippines?

$20 million Signup and view all the answers

What major political significance does the location of Borneo hold?

It guards the approaches from the north and east. Signup and view all the answers

Which treaty defined the boundary between the Philippines and North Borneo?

Treaty between the US and Great Britain Signup and view all the answers

In what year did the Philippine Congress pass the bill to define the country's sea borders?

1968 Signup and view all the answers

Which option best characterizes the commercial significance of Borneo?

It serves as an ideal distribution center of goods. Signup and view all the answers

What cultural significance does Borneo hold?

It serves as a meeting ground of diverse cultures. Signup and view all the answers

Which region has competing territorial claims that involves Borneo?

South China Sea Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the archipelagic doctrine in relation to the Philippines?

It treats the archipelago as a single entity for territorial limits. Signup and view all the answers

How far does the territorial sea of the Philippines extend beyond the conventional three-mile limit?

240 km from the coastline Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the Philippines has the narrowest claim along its coast?

Eastern Coast of Mindanao Signup and view all the answers

What area does the Philippines roughly cover according to the treaties?

1,800,000 sq km Signup and view all the answers

Which Filipino lawmaker proposed the archipelagic doctrine?

Arturo M. Tolentino Signup and view all the answers

In which body of water are the Kalayaan (Spratly) Islands located?

South China Sea Signup and view all the answers

How far does the territorial sea extend along the coast of Cagayan Valley?

430 km Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the Philippines has extensive territorial waters covering 240 km?

Ilocos Coastal Plain Signup and view all the answers

Which type of state has a smaller boundary-to-area ratio?

Compact states Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a country's shape in terms of economic development?

Fragmented shapes hinder connectivity and transportation. Signup and view all the answers

What example illustrates a broken shape in geographic classification?

Malaysia Signup and view all the answers

What was noted as a disadvantage of an elongated and fragmentary country shape?

Problems in implementing governmental policies Signup and view all the answers

Which mountain range is the longest continuous range in the Philippines?

Sierra Madre Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a compact state?

Easier management and administration Signup and view all the answers

Which example illustrates a fragmented shape?

An island nation with many small islands Signup and view all the answers

Which mountain system in the Philippines divides into the Cordillera Norte and Cordillera Central?

Caraballo Occidentales Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the consequences of limited space in small countries?

Restricted population growth Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a scattered shape?

Former British Empire Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Colonizers

History was primarily written by our colonizers, Spaniards and Americans.
Those who resisted were called "filibusteros," "tulisanes," "insurgents," and even "bandits,"

The Filipino Elites

Focus on Filipino resistance and abuses by colonizers.
The perspectives of the elite and the masses differed.

Nearest Island to Borneo

Omapoy Island, part of the Sibutu group, is located about 32 km from Borneo.

North Borneo

Currently claimed by the Philippines.

Treaty between the US and Spain

Signed on November 7, 1900.
Cagayan Sulu and Sibutu, along with their dependencies located off the coast of Borneo, were sold for $100,000.

Treaty between the US and Great Britian

Signed on July 2, 1930.
Defined the boundary between the Philippines and North Borneo, including the Turtle Islands and Mangsee Islands.

Significance of Location

Strategically important due to its location, guarding approaches from the north and east.
Important for political, commercial, and cultural reasons.

Political Significance

Guards the approaches from the north and the east.
Politically important due to its strategic location.

Commercial Significance

Serves as an ideal distribution center for goods within the region.

Cultural Significance

A meeting ground for diverse cultures.

Limits Set by the Three Treaties

Territorial sea extends beyond the conventional three-mile limit in all directions.
The territorial rights of the country were further defined in 1968 by the Philippine Congress.
The government's claim to the Kalayaan (Spratly) Islands, considered part of Palawan, expands the Philippine area of jurisdiction.

Eastern Coast of Mindanao

The narrowest portion of the coast is about 50 km wide, located near Davao.

In Luzon

Along the coast of Cagayan Valley, the territorial waters extend 430 km to the international treaty limits.

Western Portion

Extensive territorial waters cover a distance of 240 km , starting from the Ilocos Coastal Plain.

Combined Land and Water Areas

The combined land and water area of the Philippines, within treaty limits, is about 1,800,000 sq.km.

Archipelago Doctrine

Proposed by Filipino lawmaker Arturo M. Tolentino.
Gained international acceptance through the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea.
Treats an archipelago as a single unit with surrounding waters as internal waters under exclusive sovereignty.
Expanded the traditional territorial sea from 3 miles to 12 miles.

Size

Total land area (excluding Sabah): 300,000 sq.km (30 million hectares).
Size is comparable to Italy and slightly larger than the United Kingdom.
Slightly smaller than Japan.
Composed of 7,642 islands, with approximately 2,000 inhabited.

Significance of Size

While smaller countries can achieve high levels of cultural and economic development, size can be a limitation.
Limited space may restrict population growth and economic expansion.
From a military security perspective, the limited size of the Philippines makes it difficult to implement a defense in depth strategy.

Shape

Country's shape influences its economic, social, and political development.
Compact states have a smaller boundary-to-area ratio (e.g., France).
Elongated states have much longer lengths compared to their width (e.g., Chile).

Three Classifications of Shape

Broken Shape: two or more segments are disconnected (e.g., Malaysia).
Fragmented Shape: numerous islands but the whole territory occupies a definite area of the globe (e.g., the Philippines).
Scattered Shape: various parts are found in different parts of the world (e.g., the former British Empire).

Significance of Shape

The elongated and fragmented character of the country presents various disadvantages.
It makes it difficult to construct a continuous network of roads and railroads, hindering economic development.
The physical division of the country makes administration, supervision, and implementation of government policies challenging.
The fragmented geography makes it hard to achieve national unity and solidarity.
The numerous islands and long coastline pose security challenges, making it difficult to defend the country against foreign invasion.

Luzon's Mountain Systems

Caraballo del Sur: The heart of the system, reaching its highest point where the provinces of Abra, Ilocos Norte, and Cagayan intersect.
Caraballos Occidentales: Divides into the Cordillera Norte and Cordillera Central, located west of the Cagayan River.
Sierra Madre: The longest continuous range in the Philippines, extending from Baler (Quezon) through Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya, and Cagayan.

Other Regions' Mountain Systems

Eastern and Southeastern Luzon: Mountain ranges extend from the Caraballo de Baler to San Bernardino Strait, including prominent volcanic peaks like Mount Mayon in Albay and Mount Bulusan in Sorsogon.
Zambales Range: Extends along the China Sea coast from Cape Bolinao to the Bataan Peninsula.
Tagaytay Range: Runs through Cavite and Batangas, including Mount Tagaytay.

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Description

Explore the complexities of Filipino history, focusing on the colonization by Spaniards and Americans. This quiz covers the perspectives of Filipino elites and the masses, key treaties, and geographical significance related to Borneo. Test your knowledge on the crucial events that shaped the Philippines.