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Questions and Answers
What term is used to refer to those who oppose colonial rule in this context?
Which of the following is NOT listed as a form of historical source in the content?
How can a location be expressed according to the content?
What does the content emphasize about the perspective of Filipino elites and the masses?
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Which of the following figures is associated with the title of 'tulisanes'?
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What is the total land area of the Philippines excluding Sabah?
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How many islands are composed in the national territory of the Philippines?
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What is the width of the traditional belt of safety around the Philippines?
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What is the area of Luzon, the largest island in the Philippines?
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From a military security perspective, what is a significant concern regarding the size of the Philippines?
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Which of these countries is slightly smaller than the Philippines?
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Approximately how many of the islands in the Philippines are inhabited according to the National Mapping and Resources Information Authority?
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How does the shape of a country like the Philippines influence its dynamics?
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What is the nearest island to Borneo?
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What was the financial claim related to North Borneo made by the Philippines?
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What major political significance does the location of Borneo hold?
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Which treaty defined the boundary between the Philippines and North Borneo?
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In what year did the Philippine Congress pass the bill to define the country's sea borders?
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Which option best characterizes the commercial significance of Borneo?
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What cultural significance does Borneo hold?
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Which region has competing territorial claims that involves Borneo?
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What is the significance of the archipelagic doctrine in relation to the Philippines?
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How far does the territorial sea of the Philippines extend beyond the conventional three-mile limit?
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Which region of the Philippines has the narrowest claim along its coast?
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What area does the Philippines roughly cover according to the treaties?
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Which Filipino lawmaker proposed the archipelagic doctrine?
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In which body of water are the Kalayaan (Spratly) Islands located?
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How far does the territorial sea extend along the coast of Cagayan Valley?
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Which part of the Philippines has extensive territorial waters covering 240 km?
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Which type of state has a smaller boundary-to-area ratio?
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What is the significance of a country's shape in terms of economic development?
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What example illustrates a broken shape in geographic classification?
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What was noted as a disadvantage of an elongated and fragmentary country shape?
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Which mountain range is the longest continuous range in the Philippines?
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What is a characteristic of a compact state?
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Which example illustrates a fragmented shape?
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Which mountain system in the Philippines divides into the Cordillera Norte and Cordillera Central?
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What is one of the consequences of limited space in small countries?
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Which of the following is an example of a scattered shape?
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Study Notes
The Colonizers
- History was primarily written by our colonizers, Spaniards and Americans.
- Those who resisted were called "filibusteros," "tulisanes," "insurgents," and even "bandits,"
The Filipino Elites
- Focus on Filipino resistance and abuses by colonizers.
- The perspectives of the elite and the masses differed.
Nearest Island to Borneo
- Omapoy Island, part of the Sibutu group, is located about 32 km from Borneo.
North Borneo
- Currently claimed by the Philippines.
Treaty between the US and Spain
- Signed on November 7, 1900.
- Cagayan Sulu and Sibutu, along with their dependencies located off the coast of Borneo, were sold for $100,000.
Treaty between the US and Great Britian
- Signed on July 2, 1930.
- Defined the boundary between the Philippines and North Borneo, including the Turtle Islands and Mangsee Islands.
Significance of Location
- Strategically important due to its location, guarding approaches from the north and east.
- Important for political, commercial, and cultural reasons.
Political Significance
- Guards the approaches from the north and the east.
- Politically important due to its strategic location.
Commercial Significance
- Serves as an ideal distribution center for goods within the region.
Cultural Significance
- A meeting ground for diverse cultures.
Limits Set by the Three Treaties
- Territorial sea extends beyond the conventional three-mile limit in all directions.
- The territorial rights of the country were further defined in 1968 by the Philippine Congress.
- The government's claim to the Kalayaan (Spratly) Islands, considered part of Palawan, expands the Philippine area of jurisdiction.
Eastern Coast of Mindanao
- The narrowest portion of the coast is about 50 km wide, located near Davao.
In Luzon
- Along the coast of Cagayan Valley, the territorial waters extend 430 km to the international treaty limits.
Western Portion
- Extensive territorial waters cover a distance of 240 km , starting from the Ilocos Coastal Plain.
Combined Land and Water Areas
- The combined land and water area of the Philippines, within treaty limits, is about 1,800,000 sq.km.
Archipelago Doctrine
- Proposed by Filipino lawmaker Arturo M. Tolentino.
- Gained international acceptance through the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea.
- Treats an archipelago as a single unit with surrounding waters as internal waters under exclusive sovereignty.
- Expanded the traditional territorial sea from 3 miles to 12 miles.
Size
- Total land area (excluding Sabah): 300,000 sq.km (30 million hectares).
- Size is comparable to Italy and slightly larger than the United Kingdom.
- Slightly smaller than Japan.
- Composed of 7,642 islands, with approximately 2,000 inhabited.
Significance of Size
- While smaller countries can achieve high levels of cultural and economic development, size can be a limitation.
- Limited space may restrict population growth and economic expansion.
- From a military security perspective, the limited size of the Philippines makes it difficult to implement a defense in depth strategy.
Shape
- Country's shape influences its economic, social, and political development.
- Compact states have a smaller boundary-to-area ratio (e.g., France).
- Elongated states have much longer lengths compared to their width (e.g., Chile).
Three Classifications of Shape
- Broken Shape: two or more segments are disconnected (e.g., Malaysia).
- Fragmented Shape: numerous islands but the whole territory occupies a definite area of the globe (e.g., the Philippines).
- Scattered Shape: various parts are found in different parts of the world (e.g., the former British Empire).
Significance of Shape
- The elongated and fragmented character of the country presents various disadvantages.
- It makes it difficult to construct a continuous network of roads and railroads, hindering economic development.
- The physical division of the country makes administration, supervision, and implementation of government policies challenging.
- The fragmented geography makes it hard to achieve national unity and solidarity.
- The numerous islands and long coastline pose security challenges, making it difficult to defend the country against foreign invasion.
Luzon's Mountain Systems
- Caraballo del Sur: The heart of the system, reaching its highest point where the provinces of Abra, Ilocos Norte, and Cagayan intersect.
- Caraballos Occidentales: Divides into the Cordillera Norte and Cordillera Central, located west of the Cagayan River.
- Sierra Madre: The longest continuous range in the Philippines, extending from Baler (Quezon) through Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya, and Cagayan.
Other Regions' Mountain Systems
- Eastern and Southeastern Luzon: Mountain ranges extend from the Caraballo de Baler to San Bernardino Strait, including prominent volcanic peaks like Mount Mayon in Albay and Mount Bulusan in Sorsogon.
- Zambales Range: Extends along the China Sea coast from Cape Bolinao to the Bataan Peninsula.
- Tagaytay Range: Runs through Cavite and Batangas, including Mount Tagaytay.
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Description
Explore the complexities of Filipino history, focusing on the colonization by Spaniards and Americans. This quiz covers the perspectives of Filipino elites and the masses, key treaties, and geographical significance related to Borneo. Test your knowledge on the crucial events that shaped the Philippines.
