Precolonial and Colonial Filipino Science

The term for knowledge of nature in precolonial Philippines. It originated from the Sanskrit word "agama," meaning approaching truth.

They were the first to document Filipino science, focusing on natural history.

They contributed to meteorology, studying weather patterns and related phenomena.

These were significant works that documented Philippine flora and fauna.

They supported the advancement of Catholicism, education, and science and technology during the Spanish colonization.

Filipino scholars made significant contributions to the understanding of Philippine biodiversity.

It emphasizes the importance of science for achieving political and social change.

The Observatorio de Manila, founded in 1865, marked a significant step in the Philippines' pursuit of scientific advancement, demonstrating the country's commitment to modern scientific knowledge.

Fr. Faura's Barometer, invented in 1879, became a revolutionary tool in typhoon forecasting across Asia, highlighting the practical applications of science in improving lives and mitigating natural disasters.

Established in 1771, the Sociedad de los Amigos del País aimed to boost economic development in Spanish colonies, emphasizing agriculture, industry, and public health, promoting science as a tool for progress in the Philippines.

Educated Filipinos, often of mixed ancestry, who advocated for reforms in governance and society, promoting the use of science as a path toward nation-building and progress.

Good governance prioritizes social justice, ensuring equal opportunities for all, while upholding transparency and accountability in leadership.

A key principle of good governance, social justice seeks to address inequalities and ensure that everyone has access to opportunities and resources.

Good governance emphasizes accountability, demanding that leaders and public officials answer to citizens, making decisions transparently and fairly.

Citizen empowerment encourages active participation in decision-making processes, leading to policies that reflect the needs and aspirations of the people.

Efficient governance effectively delivers services and promotes sustainable development, ensuring that resources are used wisely and effectively.

A framework for tackling complex issues, especially those involving uncertainty, multiple stakeholders, and a need for urgency like climate change or pandemics.

The idea that some scientific issues are uncertain or constantly evolving, requiring a different approach than the traditional focus on certainty.

PNS emphasizes involving diverse viewpoints and stakeholders in decision-making, recognizing that there's not always a single, universally accepted solution.

Our environment provides essential resources (like water and food) and absorbs human-generated waste.

The unsustainable use of resources can lead to environmental degradation, harming the environment's ability to provide resources and absorb waste.

A technique that restores forests by assisting natural regeneration processes, helping to fight deforestation.

Using technology to reduce waste generation and promote recycling, minimizing harmful environmental impacts.

The idea that technology can be used to improve resource management and service delivery, enhancing governance in various sectors.

e-Government platforms use technology to improve service delivery and reduce corruption, making it easier for people to access government services.

The application of scientific knowledge and methods to address environmental issues.

A scientific approach that embraces uncertainty and involves stakeholders in decision-making, particularly for complex problems.

Traditional science relies heavily on established facts and expert knowledge. PNS expands on this by acknowledging that scientific knowledge is often incomplete, and considering diverse perspectives from various stakeholders.

PNS is valuable for addressing issues where traditional scientific methods aren't sufficient. Its focus on uncertainty, multiple viewpoints, and stakeholder involvement makes it well-suited for tackling interconnected and complex problems.

PNS contributes to sustainable development by encouraging a broader understanding of environmental issues. It involves social concerns and ethical perspectives alongside scientific data, promoting more holistic and long-term solutions.

PNS promotes more inclusive decision-making by bringing together diverse stakeholders. This helps ensure that policies and solutions address a wider range of perspectives and needs.

A system that combines science and technology to create effective policies and manage resources for better governance and environmental health.

Focuses on understanding the social context of science. Society's values and institutions influence how we define and address problems.

Using science and technology to achieve sustainable fishing policies, ensuring the long-term health of marine ecosystems.

An area where PNS is particularly effective. It helps manage environmental issues that are uncertain and involve competing interests.

A country where PNS is used effectively in environmental management. They engage the public and consider diverse perspectives in decision-making.

Important for long-term development. Includes addressing environmental issues and improving public service efficiency.

Incorporating technology into environmental management and policy-making leads to sustainable governance, improving living conditions for citizens and a more environmentally conscious society.

A key aspect of sustainable governance. It helps form effective policies, improve administrative processes, and manage resources effectively.

It involves understanding the complex interplay of scientific knowledge, social concerns, and policy decisions.

Achieved by linking good governance with science and technology, addressing environmental issues and improving public service efficiency.