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Questions and Answers
A pyrogen is a substance that suppresses fever.
False
Normal body temperature for a human is universally agreed to be exactly 37°C.
False
Fever is defined as a rise in body temperature above 38 degrees Celsius in children.
True
Hyperthermia involves a change in the hypothalamic set point.
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Mild fever for adults is classified as a body temperature between 37 to 38.9 degrees Celsius.
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The hypothalamus acts as a thermostat regulating blood temperature.
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A normal temperature, according to HSE, falls between 36 and 36.8 degrees Celsius.
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In treating fever, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological options are considered.
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The NICE guideline involves assessing fever in children aged 5 and over.
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Fever is considered an illness rather than a physiological mechanism.
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Study Notes
Fever in Children
- Fever is a natural response to infection
- Considered “normal” response to infection
- Fever is not an illness itself
- Fever allows the body to fight infection
- The hypothalamus regulates body temperature
- Normal body temperature is 37°C and can vary by 1°C
- Oral temperature is 37°C ± 1°C
- Rectal temperature is 0.5°C higher than oral
- Armpit temperature is 0.5°C lower than oral
- In children, any temperature of 38 degrees Celsius or above is considered high
- In adults, a mild fever is 38 - 38.9 degrees Celsius
- In adults, a high fever is 39 - 39.9 degrees Celsius
- In adults, a very high fever is 40 degrees Celsius or higher
- Fever is a common and normal physiological response
- Hyperthermia is a rare and pathophysiological response
- Hyperthermia is a failure of normal homeostasis
- Fever is a result of the hypothalamic set point changing
- Fever occurs in response to endogenous and exogenous pyrogens
- Hyperthermia results in heat production that exceeds the body's ability to dissipate heat
NICE Guidelines
- Guidelines are for fever without a known cause in children under 5
- Guidelines cover the assessment and early management of fever
- Guidelines aim to improve clinical assessments
- Guidelines help healthcare professionals diagnose serious illnesses in young children
Thermoregulation
- The hypothalamus acts as a “thermostat”
- A pyrogen is a substance that provokes fever
- Fever is a physiological response
- Hyperthermia is a pathophysiological response
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Description
This quiz covers the physiological aspects of fever in children and adults, highlighting its role as a natural response to infection. It explains how fever is regulated by the hypothalamus, normal temperature ranges, and differentiates between fever and hyperthermia. Test your knowledge on this essential topic in health care.
