Fertilization Process

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What type of transport is required for amino acids and iron to cross the placenta?

Active transport (correct)
Simple diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion

During which weeks does the placenta take over the endocrine function from the corpus luteum?

Weeks 10-14
Weeks 20-24
Weeks 12-17 (correct)
Weeks 15-20

What is the function of relaxin during pregnancy?

To loosen the pelvis and dilate the cervix (correct)
To stimulate maternal tissue growth
To inhibit contractions
To stimulate fetal development

What is the name of the plug of mucus that is expelled from the cervix about 2 days before labor?

Bloody show (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of estrogen during pregnancy?

To stop ovulation and stimulate maternal tissue growth (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the stage of childbirth where the fetus is expelled from the birth canal?

Expulsion stage (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the foramen ovale and ductus arterioles in a newborn?

To direct blood flow from the right atrium to the left atrium (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of colostrum in lactation?

It is rich in immunoglobulins and provides passive immunity (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an individual who carries a recessive allele and can pass it on to their offspring?

Carrier (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which the uterus returns to its pre-pregnancy size after birth?

Involution (D) Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the production of breast milk in lactation?

Infant sucking at the nipple (D) Signup and view all the answers

What determines an individual's sex?

Sex chromosomes (XX or XY) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the corona radiata and zona pellucida?

To prevent the sperm from penetrating the oocyte (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of the sperm that do not penetrate the corona radiata and zona pellucida?

They are destroyed by phagocytic leukocytes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which the sperm releases enzymes to penetrate the corona radiata and zona pellucida?

Acrosomal reaction (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of blastocysts that fail to implant in the uterine wall?

50-75% (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the fluid-filled sac that surrounds the embryo and provides protection?

Amnion (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the primitive streak in embryogenesis?

To differentiate the embryo into endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the development of the placenta from embryonic and maternal tissues?

Placentation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate time period during which the placenta develops?

Weeks 4-12 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which the embryo becomes cylindrical in shape due to embryonic folding?

Embryonic folding (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the formation of identical twins, resulting from the splitting of a single zygote?

Identical twins (C) Signup and view all the answers