32 Questions
What is the typical weight gain for a mother during the first trimester?
1 lb per month
Why does morning sickness occur?
Due to an increase in hormones and a decrease in peristalsis
What is the purpose of oxytocin in childbirth?
To increase the force and length of uterine contractions
What is the typical duration of the postpartum period?
6 weeks
What is the term for the uterus returning to its original size after childbirth?
Involution
What is the purpose of the APGAR score?
To evaluate the baby's health in the first few minutes
Why do babies have a harder time regulating their body temperature?
All of the above
What is the purpose of Montgomery glands during breastfeeding?
To secrete oil to prevent chapping or cracking around the nipple
What is the typical duration of the neonatal period?
13 days
What is the composition of breast milk for the first 3 days postpartum?
High in immunoglobulin
What happens to most of the sperm cells due to the environment they encounter?
They die due to the acidic environment
What is the purpose of capacitation in sperm cells?
To let the sperm's enzymes begin to penetrate the oocyte
How long can sperm cells survive inside the female reproductive tract?
3-5 days
What happens to the oocyte if it is not fertilized within a day?
It dies
What is the purpose of the fast block after fertilization?
To prevent more than one sperm from entering the oocyte
What is the result of fertilization, in terms of the genetic material?
The combination of two haploid sets of chromosomes
What is the time period known as when the offspring develops from conception to birth?
Gestation
During which weeks is the offspring called an embryo?
Weeks 3-8
What is the purpose of the trophoblasts in the pre-embryonic stage?
To become the placenta
What is the percentage of the time that the conceptus fails to implant and is shed during menses?
50-75%
What is the name of the condition where the placenta covers the opening to the cervix?
Placenta previa
During which weeks does the placenta develop?
Weeks 4-12
What is the consequence of a lack of folate in the diet during pregnancy?
Spina bifida
What is the typical length of a newborn?
20 inches
When is the due date calculated from?
The last menstrual period
Approximately how many liters of breast milk will a female produce per infant during a growth spurt?
1.5 liters
What is the term for the physical appearance and behavior of an individual?
Phenotype
What is the hormone responsible for loosening ligaments at the hip joint and dilating the cervix?
Relaxin
What is the genetic disorder caused by having three copies of chromosome 21?
Down's syndrome
What is the term for a copy of a gene?
Allele
What is the probability of a recessive gene being expressed in the phenotype?
0% unless paired with another recessive gene
What is the result of having only one X chromosome instead of two?
Turner syndrome
Learn about the fascinating process of fertilization in humans! Discover how sperm cells overcome obstacles to reach the oocyte and the journey that leads to the creation of a zygote. Test your knowledge of human reproduction and fertility.
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