L9. GA - Female Reproductive System
31 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What structure does the round ligament attach to?

  • Lateral pelvic wall
  • Inferior pole of the ovary
  • Cornua of the uterus (correct)
  • Superior pole of the ovary

Which part of the broad ligament envelops and supports the uterine tube?

  • Mesovarium
  • Mesosalpinx (correct)
  • Transverse cervical ligament
  • Suspensory ligament of the ovary

Which ligament contains part of the uterine vessels and ureter?

  • Mesovarium
  • Uterosacral ligament (correct)
  • Round ligament
  • Suspensory ligament of the ovary

What does the suspensory ligament of the ovary primarily surround?

<p>Ovarian vessels and nerves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The transverse cervical ligaments are primarily associated with which structures?

<p>Uterine vessels and ureter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of the vagina?

<p>Facilitating the passage of menstruation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structural feature is primarily associated with the uterus?

<p>Endometrium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the female reproductive system is primarily responsible for the transport of ova?

<p>Uterine tubes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure provides support to the uterus through its ligaments?

<p>Broad ligament (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the arterial supply in the female reproductive system?

<p>Delivering oxygenated blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the vagina in female reproductive physiology?

<p>Organ of copulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical structure provides somatic sensory innervation to the lower third of the vagina?

<p>Pudendal nerve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true regarding the structure of the vagina?

<p>It is a distensible musculomembranous tube. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the relationship of the vagina to the bladder?

<p>It is located anterior to the vagina. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature of the vaginal walls enhances its structure?

<p>Rugae presence in the mucosa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the uterus during pregnancy?

<p>It serves as a site for blastocyst implantation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the uterus is primarily responsible for muscular contractions during childbirth?

<p>Myometrium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the cervical canal connect?

<p>Uterine cavity and vagina (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the implantation of the blastocyst occur?

<p>In the endometrium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is found at the upper portion of the uterus above the entry of the uterine tubes?

<p>Fundus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between anteflexed and anteverted positions of the uterus?

<p>Anteverted refers to the position of the uterus relative to the vagina and cervix. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What sensory pathways are involved in pain perception from the uterus?

<p>Sympathetic nerves from T10-L2 levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure surrounds the opening of the cervical canal into the vagina?

<p>Cervical os (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the uterine tubes?

<p>To transport ova and sperm, and facilitate fertilization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the uterine tube is considered the usual site of fertilization?

<p>Ampulla (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the attachment point for the upper pole of the ovary?

<p>Suspensory ligament of the ovary (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery contributes to the blood supply of the upper portion of the vagina?

<p>Uterine artery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the isthmus of the uterine tube?

<p>It is narrow and thick-walled. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the uterovaginal plexus drain bodily fluid?

<p>It drains into the uterine veins. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant feature of the ovarian artery?

<p>It travels in the suspensory ligament of the ovary and mesovarium. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT a function of the ovary?

<p>Transport of fertilized ova (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is the function of the vagina?

The vagina is a muscular tube that connects the uterus to the external genitalia. It plays a crucial role in sexual intercourse and childbirth by serving as a passageway for sperm and the delivery of a baby.

Describe the structure and location of the vagina.

Consisting of smooth muscle and an inner lining of mucosa, the vagina features folds called rugae that allow expansion for childbirth. It is situated between the bladder and rectum.

Where is the uterus located and how does it connect to other structures?

The uterus, a pear-shaped organ, is positioned within the pelvic cavity. It connects to the fallopian tubes at the upper end and to the vagina at the lower end.

What is the function of the fallopian tubes?

The fallopian tubes, also known as oviducts, extend from the uterus to the ovaries. These tubes serve as pathways for the egg to travel from the ovary to the uterus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the functions and location of the ovaries?

The ovaries are almond-shaped organs located near the fallopian tubes. They produce eggs and hormones that regulate the female reproductive system.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vagina: Function

The muscular tube extending from the vestibule (external opening) to the cervix of the uterus, serving as the birth canal and passage for menstrual flow.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vagina: Structure

The vagina is lined with a mucous membrane that forms folds called rugae, which allow for expansion during childbirth and intercourse.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vaginal Fornix

The vaginal fornix is the area surrounding the cervix, divided into anterior, posterior, and lateral fornices.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vaginal Sensory Innervation

The lower third of the vagina is sensitive to pain, temperature, touch, and erotic stimuli due to innervation by the pudendal nerve.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vagina: Relationships

The vagina is situated near key structures including the bladder, rectum, and uterine vessels, influencing its relationships with other pelvic organs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Uterine Fundus

The upper, rounded portion of the uterus above the entry of the fallopian tubes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Myometrium

The muscular middle layer of the uterus, responsible for contractions during labor.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Endometrium

The inner lining of the uterus, which sheds and regenerates during the menstrual cycle. This is also the site for blastocyst implantation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Uterine Isthmus

The transition zone between the body and cervix of the uterus. It is the site of uterine flexion (bending).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cervix

The lower 1/3 of the uterus, extending into the vagina.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cervical Os

The opening at the end of the cervical canal that leads into the vagina.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anteflexion

The uterus bends forward at an angle between the axis of the cervix and the axis of the body.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anteversion

The uterus is tilted forward at an angle between the axis of the vagina and the axis of the cervix.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Broad Ligament

A double-layered sheet of peritoneum that extends from the lateral pelvic wall and encloses various structures like the uterus, uterine tubes, and ovarian ligaments. It also carries important blood vessels and nerves.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mesosalpinx

A part of the broad ligament that specifically surrounds and supports the uterine tube.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mesovarium

A part of the broad ligament that supports and suspends the ovary.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Round Ligament

A ligament that originates near the uterus, travels through the inguinal canal, and attaches to the labium majus. It's a homologue of the gubernaculum, a structure that helps in the descent of the testes in males.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Suspensory Ligament of the Ovary

A ligament formed by the peritoneum surrounding the ovarian vessels and nerves. It connects the ovary to the abdomen.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the primary function of the fallopian tubes?

The fallopian tubes, also called oviducts, transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus. They're where fertilization usually takes place.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Where does fertilization usually happen within the female reproductive system?

The widest and longest part of the fallopian tube, the ampulla is where fertilization typically occurs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the primary functions of the ovaries?

The ovaries produce hormones to regulate the female reproductive system and create ova, or eggs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Which part of the fallopian tube helps capture eggs?

The infundibulum, the funnel-shaped end of the fallopian tube, helps draw eggs into the tube.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Which artery is essential for supplying blood to the uterus and surrounding structures?

The uterine artery provides blood flow to the uterus, uterine tubes, and the upper vagina. This allows for expansion during pregnancy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What artery provides blood supply to the ovaries and fallopian tubes?

The ovarian artery travels through the suspensory ligament to supply blood to the ovaries and fallopian tubes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What network of veins collects blood from the uterus, vagina, and fallopian tubes?

A network of veins, the uterovaginal plexus, drains blood from the uterus, vagina, and parts of the fallopian tubes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What structure anchors the ovary?

The mesovarium is a fold of peritoneum attached to the ovary, helping to secure it in place.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Female Reproductive System - Learning Objectives

  • Vagina: Function, structure, relationships to other structures, and innervation are key topics.
  • Uterus: Function, structure, positioning, relationships to other structures, peritoneal coverings, and support ligaments are important.
  • Uterine Tubes: Function, structural features, parts, and relationships to other structures are covered.
  • Ovaries: Function, structure, and relationships to other structures are detailed.
  • Arterial Supply: Detailed description of the arterial supply to the female reproductive organs.
  • Venous Drainage: Description of the venous drainage of the female reproductive organs.
  • Lymphatic Drainage: Description of the lymphatic drainage of the female reproductive organs.

Supplemental Reading Materials

  • Gray's Anatomy for Students, 4th Ed. (2020) Drake, Vogl, Mitchell (Elsevier) Chapter 5.
  • Atlas of Human Anatomy, 7th Ed. (2019) Netter (Elsevier) Chapter 6.

Session Outline

  • (Page 2)*

  • Vagina: Function, Structure, Relationships, Innervation

  • Uterus: Function, Structure, Positioning, Relationships and Innervation, Peritoneal Coverings and Support Ligaments

  • Uterine Tubes: Function, Structure, Parts & Relationships

  • Ovary: Function, Structure & Relationships

  • Arterial Supply

  • Venous Drainage

  • Lymphatics

Vagina (Page 3)

  • Functions: Copulation, birth canal, outlet for menstrual fluid.
  • Structure: Distensible, musculomembranous tube with rugae (folds), posterior wall longer than anterior, lining of mucosa, cervix connections, extensive nerve plexus
  • Relationships: Vestibule to cervix; external fibrous coat formed by pelvic fascia.

Uterus (Page 5)

  • Functions: Implantation site, development environment, birth force.
  • Structure: Hollow, muscular walls (perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium).
  • Parts: Body (upper 2/3), fundus (above entry of uterine tubes), cornua (uterine tube region), isthmus (transition to cervix), cervix (lower 1/3 with cervical canal and cervical os)

Uterus - Position (Page 5)

  • Anteflexed: Bent anteriorly between axes of cervix and uterine body.
  • Anteverted: Inclined anteriorly between axes of vagina and cervix.

Relationships (Page 4 & 6)

  • Anterior: Vesicouterine pouch, bladder, ureter, urethra
  • Posterior: Rectouterine pouch, rectum, perineal body
  • Lateral: Broad ligament, ureter, vessels

Uterine Tubes (Page 9)

  • Functions: Transport ova and sperm. Fertilization typically in ampulla. Transports zygote to uterus.
  • Structure: Muscular tube, extending from cornua to ovary, opening into uterine and peritoneal cavities. Distal end (infundibulum) with fimbriae, widest (ampulla) fertilization site, narrow (isthmus) and uterine part.

Ovaries (Page 9)

  • Functions: Produce ova and hormones.
  • Structure Oval, nearly vertical, upper/tubal pole connected to suspensory ligament, lower poles to ovarian ligament, anterior border connected to mesovarium, posterior border not covered in peritoneum

Arterial Supply (Page 10)

  • Uterine Artery: Lateral aspect of cervix, travels through broad ligament, anastomoses with ovarian artery, blood supply to tubes and upper vagina.
  • Ovarian Artery: Inside suspensory ligament and mesovarium, supplies ovary and tubes.
  • Vaginal Artery: From internal iliac or uterine artery, or a common trunk, supplies middle and lower vagina.

Venous Drainage (Page 10)

  • Uterovaginal Plexus: Drains uterus, vagina, proximal uterine tubes to uterine veins. Often anastomoses with superior rectal vein
  • Ovarian Vein: Drains ovary; distal portion of uterine tubes to form pelvic plexus in broad ligament.
  • Internal Pudendal Vein: Drains lower portion of vagina

Lymphatic Drainage (Page 11)

  • Most of vagina and uterus: Internal, external, or common iliac nodes, or aortic nodes.
  • Ovaries, fundus of uterus, and uterine tubes: Along ovarian vessels to aortic nodes,
  • Lower end of vagina: Superficial inguinal nodes.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

HBF-III LEC 09 Gross Anatomy Female Reproductive Notes 2025 PDF

Description

This quiz covers the anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive system, including the vagina, uterus, uterine tubes, and ovaries. It also addresses the arterial supply, venous drainage, and lymphatic drainage of these organs, referencing key texts such as Gray's Anatomy and the Atlas of Human Anatomy.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser