Female Reproductive System Anatomy

The external female reproductive organs collectively are called the vulva. It includes the mons pubis, labia majora and minora, the clitoris, the vestibule and the perineum.

A pad of fat lying over the symphysis pubis, covered with hair from puberty. It acts as a buffer during intercourse, preventing injury to the underlying bone.

Two folds of fat covered with thick skin and pubic hair on the outer surface. They arise from the mons pubis and merge into the perineum behind. They provide coverage and protect other external genital organs.

Two thin and soft folds of skin lying between the labia majora. Anteriorly, they enclose the clitoris, and posteriorly they merge into the perineum. They protect the urethral and vaginal openings, and glands within lubricate the vulva.

An erectile organ corresponding to the male penis. It is rich in blood and nerve supply, making it sensitive and vascular. It plays a role in female orgasm during intercourse.

The area within the vulva that contains the urethral opening, vaginal opening, and associated glands.

The most posterior part of the external female reproductive organs. It is the area between the vaginal opening and the anus, forming the base of the perineal body.

A hollow, muscular, and pear-shaped organ located between the bladder and the rectum. It shelters the fetus during pregnancy and contracts to expel uterine contents after delivery.

The top, rounded part of the uterus, above the fallopian tubes.

The narrow area between the body and cervix of the uterus, which enlarges during pregnancy to form the lower uterine segment for labor.

The lower, narrow part of the uterus that extends into the vagina. It measures 2.5 to 3 cm and can stretch significantly during vaginal delivery.

The opening between the isthmus and the cervix of the uterus.

The opening between the cervix and the vagina.

The inner lining of the uterus, responsible for implantation of a fertilized egg.

The muscular layer of the uterus, responsible for contractions during labor and delivery.

The outer layer of the uterus, a layer of peritoneum that covers it.

Paired tubes that connect the ovaries to the uterus. They receive sperm during intercourse, provide a site for fertilization, and propel the ovum towards the uterus.

The narrowest portion of the fallopian tube, lying within the wall of the uterus.

Another narrow portion of the fallopian tube, with a thick muscle wall. It connects the interstitial portion to the ampulla.

The widest portion of the fallopian tube, where fertilization usually occurs.

The funnel-shaped end of the fallopian tube, near the ovary. It has finger-like projections called fimbriae.

Small, almond-shaped organs responsible for producing eggs and secreting female sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone).

The opening of the urethra, where urine exits the body.

Two small glands on either side of the urethral opening, which secrete fluid that lubricates the urethra.

The opening of the vagina, also called the vaginal introitus.

Two small glands on either side of the vaginal opening, which secrete fluid that lubricates the vagina.

A thin, elastic membrane that partially covers the vaginal opening. It usually has a central opening to allow for menstrual flow.

The normal position of the uterus, tilted forward.

The hollow, muscular tube that connects the uterus to the external genitalia. It allows for menstrual flow, receives sperm, and provides an exit for the fetus during delivery.

The process of the uterus lining shedding and exiting the body via the vagina.