Vulva Anatomy

Vulva

• Vulva includes all visible structures from the pubis to the perineal body
• Contains: Mons pubis, Clitoris, Urinary meatus, Labia majora and minora, Vestibule (Hymen, Vaginal opening, Urethral opening, Glandular structures - Bartholin and Skene's gland)

Fibroma

• Most common benign solid tumor of the vulva
• Most commonly found in the labia majora
• Occurs in all age groups
• Low-grade potential for becoming malignant
• Characteristics: smooth surface, gray-white tissue
• Clinical manifestations: smaller fibromas - asymptomatic, bigger fibromas - pressure symptoms, acute pain for degeneration
• Treatment: Excision Biopsy

Lipoma

• 2nd most frequent type of benign vulvar mesenchymal tumor
• Arises from subcutaneous (fat) tissue of the vulva
• Most commonly located in periclitorally or within the labia majora
• Softer and usually larger than fibromas
• Characteristics: soft, yellow, and lobulated, rubbery in consistency
• Clinical manifestations: smaller lipoma - asymptomatic, bigger lipoma - pressure symptoms
• Treatment: Excision Biopsy for large tumors

Nevus

• Commonly referred to as a mole
• Benign gynecologic lesion
• Characteristics: localized nest or cluster of melanocytes, arise from embryonic neural crest, present from birth
• Diameter of most common benign nevi ranges from 3 to 10 mm
• Characteristics of dysplastic nevi: 6 to 20 mm with one or more atypical features (speckling of color, diffuse margination, additional red, white, or blue hues, and asymmetry)
• ABCD: asymmetry, border irregularity, color variegation, and a diameter usually greater than 6 mm
• Treatment: 3-dimensional excisional biopsy under local anesthesia