Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is an early sign of AIDS in the mouth?
What is an early sign of AIDS in the mouth?
- Dark red confluent macule on the hard palate (correct)
- Yellow discoloration of the gums
- Purple lesions on the lips
- White patches on the tongue
What causes a black, hairy tongue?
What causes a black, hairy tongue?
- Bacterial infection in the lungs
- Viral infection in the mouth
- Fungal infection due to antibiotic use (correct)
- Overgrowth of hair
What is the tongue overgrowth in a black, hairy tongue not actually made of?
What is the tongue overgrowth in a black, hairy tongue not actually made of?
- Virus
- Fungus
- Hair (correct)
- Bacteria
What inhibits normal bacteria and allows a proliferation of fungus in the mouth?
What inhibits normal bacteria and allows a proliferation of fungus in the mouth?
What is the primary purpose of the ciliated mucous membrane in the nose?
What is the primary purpose of the ciliated mucous membrane in the nose?
What are the projections in the nasal cavity that increase the surface area called?
What are the projections in the nasal cavity that increase the surface area called?
Which sinuses are present at birth in a newborn infant?
Which sinuses are present at birth in a newborn infant?
What is the function of the rich blood supply of the nasal mucosa?
What is the function of the rich blood supply of the nasal mucosa?
At what age are frontal sinuses well developed?
At what age are frontal sinuses well developed?
Where is the parotid gland located?
Where is the parotid gland located?
What is the function of the frenulum?
What is the function of the frenulum?
What is the normal appearance of tonsils in a 30-year-old?
What is the normal appearance of tonsils in a 30-year-old?
At what age does salivation in infants start?
At what age does salivation in infants start?
What may cause a decreased ability to identify odors in an 80-year-old?
What may cause a decreased ability to identify odors in an 80-year-old?
Who is more likely to have leukoedema?
Who is more likely to have leukoedema?
What is the recommended position for nosebleeds?
What is the recommended position for nosebleeds?
What may cause dysphagia in a 92-year-old patient?
What may cause dysphagia in a 92-year-old patient?
What is better for teeth than thumb-sucking?
What is better for teeth than thumb-sucking?
What should the nurse advise the mother against using?
What should the nurse advise the mother against using?
What is the uvula?
What is the uvula?
Which of the following is a potential side effect of prolonged bottle use in infants?
Which of the following is a potential side effect of prolonged bottle use in infants?
What is a common side effect of many drugs taken by older people?
What is a common side effect of many drugs taken by older people?
What is the correct technique for using an otoscope?
What is the correct technique for using an otoscope?
What does the nasal mucosa look like in chronic allergies?
What does the nasal mucosa look like in chronic allergies?
What sensation should normal sinus areas produce during palpation?
What sensation should normal sinus areas produce during palpation?
Which of the following is considered a normal finding in Black patients?
Which of the following is considered a normal finding in Black patients?
What do dry mouth and deep vertical fissures in the tongue reflect?
What do dry mouth and deep vertical fissures in the tongue reflect?
What are Fordyce granules?
What are Fordyce granules?
What do bright red, swollen tonsils with exudate or large white spots indicate?
What do bright red, swollen tonsils with exudate or large white spots indicate?
What should a nurse do if unable to suction the nares of a newborn?
What should a nurse do if unable to suction the nares of a newborn?
Is further action necessary if a newborn cannot be suctioned?
Is further action necessary if a newborn cannot be suctioned?
What do bright red, swollen tonsils with large white spots indicate in a 10-year-old?
What do bright red, swollen tonsils with large white spots indicate in a 10-year-old?
What is the recommended action if newborn nares are blocked with amniotic fluid?
What is the recommended action if newborn nares are blocked with amniotic fluid?
What is indicated by the inability to pass a catheter through the nares?
What is indicated by the inability to pass a catheter through the nares?
What may bruising or lacerations on buccal mucosa or gums indicate in infants or young children?
What may bruising or lacerations on buccal mucosa or gums indicate in infants or young children?
What may unilateral purulent drainage with foul odor in afebrile children indicate?
What may unilateral purulent drainage with foul odor in afebrile children indicate?
What may clear vesicles with erythematous base around the lip indicate?
What may clear vesicles with erythematous base around the lip indicate?
What may swollen, bleeding gums during pregnancy be due to?
What may swollen, bleeding gums during pregnancy be due to?
What may white, cheesy, curdlike patches on buccal mucosa and tongue indicate?
What may white, cheesy, curdlike patches on buccal mucosa and tongue indicate?
What may black, hairy tongue in a patient with a history of numerous antibiotics indicate?
What may black, hairy tongue in a patient with a history of numerous antibiotics indicate?
What should be done if indurated, crusted, and ulcerated lesions are found on the lip?
What should be done if indurated, crusted, and ulcerated lesions are found on the lip?
What may be the cause of candidiasis in the oral cavity?
What may be the cause of candidiasis in the oral cavity?
What may be indicated by swollen, bleeding gums during pregnancy?
What may be indicated by swollen, bleeding gums during pregnancy?
What should be done if there is suspected obstruction in the nares?
What should be done if there is suspected obstruction in the nares?
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Study Notes
Pediatric Nasal Assessment and Oral Cavity Abnormalities Summary
- Newborns are obligate nose breathers; patency of nares is crucial for breathing.
- If nares are blocked with amniotic fluid, gentle suction with a bulb syringe is recommended.
- Suspected obstruction requires passing a catheter through each naris to confirm patency.
- Choanal atresia, indicated by inability to pass a catheter, requires immediate intervention.
- Bruising or lacerations on buccal mucosa or gums may indicate child abuse in infants or young children.
- Unilateral purulent drainage with foul odor in afebrile children may indicate foreign object aspiration.
- Clear vesicles with erythematous base around the lip may indicate herpes simplex I or cold sores.
- Indurated, crusted, and ulcerated lesions on the lip may indicate carcinoma and require referral.
- Swollen, bleeding gums during pregnancy may be due to hormonal changes causing gingivitis.
- White, cheesy, curdlike patches on buccal mucosa and tongue may indicate candidiasis.
- Antibiotic use or immunosuppression can lead to candidiasis in the oral cavity.
- Black, hairy tongue in a patient with a history of numerous antibiotics may indicate a benign condition known as "black hairy tongue."
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