Fatty Acid Nomenclature Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the systematic name for a C18 fatty acid with one double bond?

  • Octadecatrienoic acid
  • Octadecadienoic acid
  • Octadecanoic acid
  • Octadecenoic acid (correct)

    • How is a C18 fatty acid with two double bonds denoted?

  • 18:1 ω9
  • 18:0
  • Octadecanoic acid
  • Octadecatrienoic acid (correct)

    • In the notation 18:2, what does the '2' signify?

  • The position of the carboxyl carbon
  • The total number of carbon atoms
  • The position of the double bond (correct)
  • The number of methyl carbons

    • How is the position of a double bond represented in the notation of a fatty acid?

    <p>∆ followed by a superscript number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which carbon atom is known as the α-carbon in a fatty acid?

    <p>No. 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ω9 signify in the notation of a fatty acid?

    <p>The position of the double bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most abundant type of lipids in nature?

    <p>Simple lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are triglycerides esters of?

    <p>Glycerol with various fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gives rise to monoglyceride during esterification?

    <p>Esterification of glycerol with one molecule of fatty acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of triglyceride is formed when the three fatty acids connected to glycerol are of the same type?

    <p>Simple triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between fats and oils?

    <p>Oils contain more unsaturated fatty acids than fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific gravity of freshly prepared fats and oils?

    <p>Less than 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the yellow color of body fat or milk fat?

    <p>Association with carotene pigments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What chemical properties allow fats to be soluble in organic solvents like ether and benzene?

    <p>Esterification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is a C18 fatty acid with three double bonds denoted?

    <p>Octadecatrienoic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the systematic name for a C18 fatty acid with one double bond?

    <p>Octadecenoic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the notation 18:0 signify?

    <p>A C18 fatty acid with no double bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From which carbon atom is the position of a double bond denoted in the notation of a fatty acid?

    <p>Carboxyl carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gives rise to monoglyceride during esterification?

    <p>Glycerol and one fatty acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the position of a double bond denoted by when using the notation ω9?

    <p>Counting from the distal end</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are neutral fats and oils also known as?

    <p>Triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fatty acids are esters of glycerol in neutral fats and oils?

    <p>Saturated fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between simple triglycerides and mixed triglycerides?

    <p>Number of fatty acids connected to glycerol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common fatty acid found in animal fats?

    <p>Stearic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes oils different from fats in terms of physical properties?

    <p>Presence of unsaturated fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the yellow color of body fat or milk fat?

    <p>Carotene pigments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gives rise to monoglyceride during the esterification process with glycerol?

    <p>Esterification with one molecule of fatty acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are natural fats primarily composed of?

    <p>Mixed triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of physical properties, why do fats float on water?

    <p>They have a specific gravity less than 1.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When hydrolyzed, what do fats and oils break down into?

    <p>Fatty acids and glycerol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Fatty Acids

    • A C18 fatty acid with one double bond is systematically named as oleic acid.
    • A C18 fatty acid with two double bonds is denoted as 18:2, where '2' signifies the number of double bonds.
    • The position of a double bond is represented in the notation of a fatty acid by counting the carbon atoms from the carboxyl end (Δ notation) or from the methyl end (ω notation).
    • The first carbon atom in a fatty acid is known as the α-carbon.

    Triglycerides

    • Triglycerides are esters of glycerol.
    • Monoglyceride is formed during esterification when one fatty acid is released from a triglyceride.
    • A triglyceride is known as a simple triglyceride when all three fatty acids connected to glycerol are of the same type.
    • Fats and oils are both triglycerides, but they differ in their physical properties.

    Physical Properties

    • The main difference between fats and oils is that fats are solid at room temperature, while oils are liquid.
    • Fats and oils have a specific gravity of less than 1, which is why they float on water.
    • The yellow color of body fat or milk fat is caused by carotenoid pigments.
    • Fats are soluble in organic solvents like ether and benzene due to their non-polar nature.

    Notation

    • The notation 18:0 signifies a C18 fatty acid with no double bonds.
    • The notation ω9 signifies that the double bond is located 9 carbon atoms from the methyl end.
    • A C18 fatty acid with three double bonds is denoted as 18:3.

    General

    • Neutral fats and oils are also known as triglycerides.
    • The most abundant type of lipids in nature is triglycerides.
    • The most common fatty acid found in animal fats is oleic acid.
    • Natural fats are primarily composed of triglycerides.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the systematic naming of fatty acids based on their parent hydrocarbons and the number of double bonds. Learn to differentiate between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids based on their systematic names.

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