Fabrication Tools and Safety Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is required for respiratory safety when using a drum sander?

Ear protection

Respiratory protection (correct)

Hard hat

Safety goggles

Which type of wood is prohibited for use in a drum sander?

MDF and melamine (correct)

Kiln-dried hardwood

Kiln-dried softwood

Plywood

What aspect of the drum sander poses an entanglement hazard?

The digital readout

The table feed conveyor belt

The spinning drum (correct)

The height adjustment wheel

What must be done before sanding wood in the drum sander?

Remove embedded objects like nails and staples Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum width of wood that can be used in the drum sander?

44 inches Signup and view all the answers

What type of setting should be adjusted if a nail isn’t seated properly after firing?

Depth setting Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following should NOT be worn while operating the drum sander?

Loose clothing Signup and view all the answers

How should the air filtration systems in the Fab Lab be operated when using sanders?

They must be turned on beforehand Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'accuracy' refer to in fabrication?

Getting a measurement correct on the first attempt. Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is primarily used to guide cutting tools for more accurate results?

Jig Signup and view all the answers

What is a key safety consideration when using a nail gun?

Never point the gun at anyone or yourself. Signup and view all the answers

What type of nail provides a medium hold and is ideal for general assembly tasks in small assemblies?

Brads Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using fixtures in fabrication?

To hold the workpiece in place during operations. Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a nail gun is crucial for preventing unintentional shooting of nails?

Safety trigger Signup and view all the answers

What common issue can occur with an air-nailer that users must be aware of?

Potential for nails to rebound or deflect. Signup and view all the answers

Why are jigs and fixtures recommended for use in fabrication?

To increase safety, reliability, and precision. Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of using coarser grit sandpaper on the conveyor belt speed?

It allows for faster speed, resulting in greater material removal. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done first before operating the drum sander?

Turn on the dust collector. Signup and view all the answers

How should the drum height be adjusted for the first sanding pass?

The drum height should be slightly above the material. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended incremental lowering of the drum after the first pass?

1/32 inch per pass. Signup and view all the answers

What precaution should be taken regarding the material before starting the sander?

It should be free of metal objects like nails or screws. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if the sandpaper is worn or damaged before starting the drum sander?

Contact Fab Lab staff to change the sandpaper. Signup and view all the answers

How can you open-end sand wider workpieces?

By flipping the workpiece 180° and making a second pass. Signup and view all the answers

What should be observed as the material moves through the drum sander?

The material should move smoothly without getting stuck. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a drill press?

To drill precise holes in wood safely Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bit is best suited for drilling wood and plastics?

Brad Point Bits Signup and view all the answers

What is a major hazard associated with operating a drill press?

Entanglement near the chuck Signup and view all the answers

When drilling through metal, what is a recommended practice?

Clamp the metal down securely Signup and view all the answers

To avoid damaging wood, what should be done when using a sander or drill?

Inspect the surface after every pass Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bit is best for creating wide, flat holes in wood?

Forstner Bits Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if burn marks are seen on the workpiece after sanding?

Change the sanding paper Signup and view all the answers

What safety precaution should NOT be taken when using a drill press?

Wearing gloves Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to the blade guard before making a cut on a bandsaw?

It should be lowered just above the workpiece. Signup and view all the answers

Which material is prohibited from being used in the bandsaw?

Concrete Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum distance your fingers should be away from the cut line when using a bandsaw?

2 inches Signup and view all the answers

What type of saw blade should not be used on wood to avoid dulling the tool?

A metal-cutting bandsaw blade Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended action when performing complex cuts on a bandsaw?

Use a jig for safety and accuracy. Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked before operating the bandsaw?

PPE and the condition of the machine Signup and view all the answers

When ripping or resawing lumber, what should be done with the fence?

It should be adjusted to the width of your cut. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct procedure when starting a cut on the bandsaw?

Hold the material away from the blade and then turn on the saw. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Training Objectives

Understand the order of operations in fabrication and how they lead to safety, accuracy, and precision.
Learn the correct and safe use of various Green tools including:
- Bandsaw
- Nail Guns
- Drill Press
- Drum Sander
Troubleshooting common issues with the tools.

Fabrication Concept: Accuracy Vs. Precision

Accuracy: Getting a measurement correct on the first attempt.
Precision: Repeating the same operation with the same result.
Jigs: Used to guide cutting tools for accurate results.
Fixtures: Hold the workpiece in place during operations for increased precision.

Nail Guns: Purpose & Operation

Purpose: Fastening materials quickly.
Applications:
- On-site trim work
- Glue set-up

Nail Guns: Safety Considerations

Risk: Nail guns pose a risk of puncture wounds and lacerations due to rebounding or deflected nails.
Safety Precautions:
- Never point the gun at anyone.
- Check the position and depth of the nail after firing.
- Connect the air hose from the wall to the nail gun.
- Select single-shot mode.
- Ensure each nail is driven securely and in the correct position.

Nail Gun: Types

Pins: Low hold, small, nearly invisible entrance hole.
Brads: Medium hold with small heads, great for general assembly tasks in small assemblies.

Drum Sander: Purpose

Purpose: Sanding flat and larger wood panels smooth.

Drum Sander: Safety Considerations

Entanglement Hazard: The drum sander possesses a significant entanglement hazard near the spinning drum and moving table.
- Do not wear gloves, loose clothing, or jewelry while operating the drum sander.
Pinch Hazard: Fingers and hands can be pinched or drawn into the machine if positioned too close to the drum head.
- Keep fingers away from the drum head when feeding material.

Drum Sander: Materials

Material Restrictions:
- Only use kiln-dried hardwoods and softwoods.
- Check for and remove nails, staples, and other embedded objects.
- Wood must be longer than 6 inches and under 44 inches wide.
Prohibited Materials:
- Pressure-treated lumber
- MDF and melamine
- Foams and other man-made materials
- Metals

Drum Sander: Air Filtration

Two air filter handlers are installed on the ceiling and should be turned on whenever using sanders to remove fine dust from the air.

Drum Sander: Basic Operation

Steps:
- Open the dust collector blast-gate for the sander.
- Raise the drum to create a safe starting clearance.
- Set the conveyor belt speed based on the grit and desired finish.
- Place material flat on the outfeed table.
- Set the drum height slightly above the material.
- Turn on the dust collector.
- Turn on the drum and wait for full speed.
- Turn on the conveyor belt.
- Slowly lower the drum height as the material passes through.
- Adjust the drum height and grit incrementally based on desired smoothness and thickness.

Drum Sander: Tips and Tricks

Tips: - Ensure the sandpaper is securely fastened and replace worn or damaged paper. - Ensure material is free of nails, screws, or metal objects. - Keep an eye on the material to ensure smooth movement. - Make several light passes for thicker or harder woods. - Avoid removing too much material in one pass. - Inspect the surface after each pass. - Notify a staff member if you see burn marks.
Advanced Features:
- Open-end sanding for wider pieces.

Drill Press: Purpose

Purpose: Drilling precise holes in wood in a safe, repeatable way.

Drill Press: Safety Considerations

Entanglement Hazard: The drill press possesses a significant entanglement hazard near the chuck.
- Do not wear gloves, loose clothing, or jewelry while operating the drill press.
- Long hair is especially dangerous.
Laceration Hazard: Workpieces, drill bits/tooling, or clamps can become disengaged and rotate or be flung across the room.
Crushing Hazard: Insufficiently secured workpieces could rotate at high speed, potentially striking or crushing fingers, hands, or other close body parts.

Drill Press: Bits

Bits: The Fab Lab provides a variety of bits for the drill press.
- Twist Bits: Used for most materials (metal, plastic, wood), but may not provide the best results.
- Brad Point Bits: Best choice for wood and plastics.
- Forstner Bits: Create wide, flat holes in woods and plastics.
- Hole Saw Bits: Cut large holes through thin material.
- Masonry Bits: Cut through tile, stone, concrete, and brick.
Drilling Through Metals:
- Use a center point punch to create a divot in the metal to guide the bit.
- Use twist bits with cutting fluid for best results.
Angled Holes:
- Use the "angle jig" to create holes at an angle.
Repeatable Operations:
- Use the fence and stop to repeatedly drill in the same position.

Bandsaw: Materials

Suitable Materials: Plywood, Melamine, MDF, Plastics, Foam
Prohibited Materials: Pressure-treated lumber, Green lumber, Concrete, Glass, Metals
Blade Considerations:
- Bandsaw blades need at least 3 teeth contacting the material while cutting.
- Using too thin of a material will dull the blade prematurely.
- A blade with too many teeth will dull the tool and burn the material.

Bandsaw: Basic Operation

Before Operation:
- Check PPE - tie up loose sleeves and hair.
- Put on hearing protection and safety glasses.
- Check for entanglement hazards.
- Inspect the machine for damage or loose parts.
- Set the blade guard 1/8th of an inch above the piece to be cut.
- Ensure all safety guards are in place and working correctly.
- Have all cut lines clearly marked.
Operation:
- Hold the material away from the blade before turning on the saw.
- Hold the material firmly on the table while cutting.
- Do not pinch the blade by pushing against the fence behind the blade.
- Keep fingers away from the cut line and blade.
- Use push sticks or push blocks as necessary.
Rip Operations:
- Adjust the fence to the width of your cut.
- Use a push stick or block to push the workpiece against the fence.

Materials & Hardware in the Woodshop

The Fab Lab provides a limited selection of plywood for purchase.
Makers may bring materials from outside sources, but they must be vetted by Fab Lab staff.
The Fab Lab provides a variety of hardware and fasteners in the hardware section of the woodshop.

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Description

Test your knowledge of safe practices and the correct use of fabrication tools. This quiz covers key concepts such as accuracy versus precision, the purpose of nail guns, and the importance of safety measures. Ensure you understand the principles that lead to effective and safe operations in fabrication environments.