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Questions and Answers

What was a direct consequence of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848)?

The United States acquired vast territories including California, New Mexico, and Arizona. (correct)
The Fugitive Slave Act was repealed, easing tensions between the North and South.
The immediate outbreak of the Civil War due to heightened sectional tensions.
Mexico successfully annexed Texas, reclaiming it from the United States.

How did the discovery of gold in California in 1848 impact the debate over slavery in the United States?

It led to the immediate outlawing of slavery in all western territories.
It caused Southern states to unanimously support the abolition of slavery.
It decreased the population of California, lessening its importance in the slavery debate.
It intensified the debate as California's application for statehood threatened the balance between free and slave states. (correct)

Which political stance was characteristic of the Free Soil Party during the mid-19th century?

Opposition to the expansion of slavery into new territories. (correct)
Advocating for the complete abolition of slavery throughout the United States.
Unconditional support for the expansion of slavery into all new territories.
Promoting popular sovereignty as the only solution to the slavery issue.

In what way did the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 contribute to escalating tensions leading up to the Civil War?

By allowing residents of the territories to decide on slavery through popular sovereignty, leading to violence. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary concern among some Northerners regarding the Mexican-American War?

The potential expansion of slavery into newly acquired territories. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How did the influx of Anglo settlers affect the Tejanos following the Mexican-American War?

Tejanos were increasingly marginalized and faced racial tensions. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What role did President James K. Polk play in the expansion of the United States during the 1840s?

He actively pursued the annexation of Texas and sought to acquire California, intensifying tensions with Mexico. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was the intended purpose of the Compromise of 1850?

To resolve disputes over the expansion of slavery and maintain balance between free and slave states. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor most directly contributed to the surge in American migration to Oregon and California between 1840 and 1860?

Widespread belief in Manifest Destiny coupled with the lure of economic and land opportunities. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How did the acquisition of land from Mexico impact the existing political landscape of the United States?

It amplified debates over the expansion of slavery, increasing sectional tensions. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary concern of the Mexican government that led to the annulment of land contracts with American settlers in Texas?

The Mexican government feared the increasing American influence and potential loss of control over Texas. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How did the Battle of the Alamo and the Battle of San Jacinto shape the trajectory of Texas in 1836?

They symbolized the start and the decisive conclusion of the Texas Revolt, leading to Texas's declaration of independence. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How did President John Tyler influence the annexation of Texas, and what complications arose from his efforts?

Tyler revived the debate over annexation, but it faced resistance due to concerns about potential war with Mexico. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was James K. Polk's primary focus regarding westward expansion during his presidency?

The acquisition of California and its integration into the United States. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How did economic interests contribute to the growing tensions between the United States and Mexico in the period leading up to the Texas Revolt?

The growing economic ties between Texas, New Mexico, and California with the United States, including the expansion of slavery, strained relations with Mexico. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of Stephen Austin in the context of American settlement in Texas?

He inherited and executed his father's plan to settle American colonists in Texas, which led to increased tensions with the Mexican government. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which political realignment contributed to the rise of the Republican Party in the mid-19th century?

The coalition of former Whigs, Free Soilers, and anti-slavery Democrats. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the central ruling in the Dred Scott Supreme Court decision of 1857?

Black Americans were not citizens and possessed no constitutional rights. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the Lincoln-Douglas debates in 1858?

The future of slavery and its expansion into new territories. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What impact did John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry have on the United States?

It intensified Southern fears of Northern aggression and fueled the abolitionist movement. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Following Abraham Lincoln's election in 1860, what action did Southern states take, and what was their justification?

They seceded from the Union, believing they had lost their voice in national affairs. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How did industrial technology influence the nature of the Civil War?

New technologies prolonged the war due to the increased defensive capabilities they provided. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What advantages did the Union possess at the start of the Civil War?

A larger population, more developed industrial base, and greater access to resources. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What critical advantage did the Confederacy hold over the Union during the Civil War?

A defensive strategy fought on familiar territory, coupled with highly motivated soldiers and experienced military leadership. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary factor that shifted Lincoln's initial cautious approach to abolition towards supporting the Emancipation Proclamation?

The mass exodus of enslaved people to Union lines and pressure from Radical Republicans. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How did the Civil War contribute to the expansion and authority of the federal government?

Through the passage of acts such as the Homestead Act and the establishment of a national banking system. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What key concept was emphasized in Lincoln's Gettysburg Address?

Redefining American democracy by underscoring unity and equality. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What impact did the Civil War have on Native American tribes?

It exacerbated existing tensions and led to violent conflicts such as the Dakota War and Sand Creek Massacre. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Aside from traditional domestic roles, what new roles did women assume during the Civil War?

They took on factory jobs to support the war effort and organized relief efforts. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In what way did Clara Barton contribute to American society during and after the Civil War?

She founded the American Red Cross after playing a crucial role in wartime relief efforts. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why did 'King Cotton Diplomacy' ultimately fail to achieve its objectives for the Confederacy?

Britain found alternative sources of cotton and did not want to support a slaveholding nation. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What social and economic challenges were faced by the Confederacy during the Civil War?

Economic hardship, food shortages, and class divisions exacerbated by exemptions from the draft for slaveholders. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Manifest Destiny

Belief that the U.S. was destined to expand across North America.

Mexican Cession

Territories in present-day southwestern U.S. acquired by the United States from Mexico.