Extracellular Matrix (ECM) and Biomolecules Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which biomolecule forms interchain covalent cross-links in collagen?

  • Hydroxyproline (correct)
  • Proline
  • Lysine
  • Glycine
  • What is the main component of loose connective tissue, blood vessels, ligaments, tendons, bone, and skin?

  • Hyaluronic acid
  • Elastin
  • Collagen (correct)
  • Proteoglycan
  • What is the most common amino acid found in collagen?

  • Glycine (correct)
  • Hydroxylysine
  • Proline
  • Lysine
  • What is the third most abundant amino acid in collagen?

    <p>Hydroxyproline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does collagen synthesis occur?

    <p>Fibroblast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin deficiency is related to weak and fragile collagen, leading to symptoms like bleeding gums and poor wound healing?

    <p>Vitamin C deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein is responsible for binding cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM)?

    <p>Fibronectin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defect associated with osteogenesis imperfecta?

    <p>Defect in hydroxylation of proline and lysine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein is a major component of elastic tissues such as arteries, lungs, and skin?

    <p>Elastin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main crosslink formed in elastin synthesis under the effect of lysyl oxidase enzyme?

    <p>Desmosine crosslink</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA in fatty acid synthesis?

    <p>Acetyl CoA Carboxylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activates hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) to release fatty acids from triacylglycerol (TAG) during lipolysis?

    <p>Epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the synthesis of malonyl CoA from acetyl CoA occur in the fatty acid synthesis pathway?

    <p>Cytosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is required for the activation of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase, the key enzyme in fatty acid synthesis?

    <p>Biotin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final end product of the fatty acid synthesis pathway?

    <p>Palmitic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of glycerol in adipose tissues?

    <p>It must go to the liver for further processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do free fatty acids (FFAs) initially move from the adipocyte cell membrane?

    <p>Into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are plasma FFAs unable to be used as fuel by erythrocytes and the brain?

    <p>Erythrocytes lack mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of CPT-I deficiency in the liver?

    <p>Severe hypoglycemia, coma, and death due to impaired ability to synthesize glucose in fasting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment strategy for CPT-II deficiency in cardiac and skeletal muscle?

    <p>Avoidance of prolonged fasts and a diet high in carbohydrate but low in LCFA</p> Signup and view all the answers

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