20 Questions
Which biomolecule forms interchain covalent cross-links in collagen?
Hydroxyproline
What is the main component of loose connective tissue, blood vessels, ligaments, tendons, bone, and skin?
Collagen
What is the most common amino acid found in collagen?
Glycine
What is the third most abundant amino acid in collagen?
Hydroxyproline
Where does collagen synthesis occur?
Fibroblast
Which vitamin deficiency is related to weak and fragile collagen, leading to symptoms like bleeding gums and poor wound healing?
Vitamin C deficiency
Which protein is responsible for binding cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM)?
Fibronectin
What is the defect associated with osteogenesis imperfecta?
Defect in hydroxylation of proline and lysine
Which protein is a major component of elastic tissues such as arteries, lungs, and skin?
Elastin
What is the main crosslink formed in elastin synthesis under the effect of lysyl oxidase enzyme?
Desmosine crosslink
Which enzyme is responsible for the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA in fatty acid synthesis?
Acetyl CoA Carboxylase
What activates hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) to release fatty acids from triacylglycerol (TAG) during lipolysis?
Epinephrine
Where does the synthesis of malonyl CoA from acetyl CoA occur in the fatty acid synthesis pathway?
Cytosol
Which molecule is required for the activation of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase, the key enzyme in fatty acid synthesis?
Biotin
What is the final end product of the fatty acid synthesis pathway?
Palmitic acid
What is the fate of glycerol in adipose tissues?
It must go to the liver for further processing
Where do free fatty acids (FFAs) initially move from the adipocyte cell membrane?
Into the bloodstream
Why are plasma FFAs unable to be used as fuel by erythrocytes and the brain?
Erythrocytes lack mitochondria
What is the consequence of CPT-I deficiency in the liver?
Severe hypoglycemia, coma, and death due to impaired ability to synthesize glucose in fasting
What is the treatment strategy for CPT-II deficiency in cardiac and skeletal muscle?
Avoidance of prolonged fasts and a diet high in carbohydrate but low in LCFA
Test your knowledge on the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the major classes of biomolecules found within it. This quiz covers topics such as collagen, elastin, proteoglycan, hyaluronic acid, fibronectin, and integrin.
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