Fundamental physiological basis of vital signs
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Questions and Answers

Which type of valve is located between the atria and the ventricles?

  • Semilunar valves
  • Aortic valves
  • Atrioventricular valves (correct)
  • Pulmonary valves
  • When the left ventricle contracts, blood moves into the ______________, not the right atrium.

  • Aorta (correct)
  • Pulmonary artery
  • Inferior vena cava
  • Superior vena cava
  • Which type of valve is located between the ventricles and the great arteries?

  • Semilunar valves (correct)
  • Atrioventricular valves
  • Pulmonary valves
  • Aortic valves
  • What prevents the atrioventricular valves from 'flopping back' into the atria during ventricular contraction?

    <p>Chordae tendinae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which surface of the heart is easier to auscultate and palpate?

    <p>Anterior surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the point of maximal impulse (PMI) located?

    <p>Superior-lateral side of the left ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intercostal space corresponds to the pulmonic valve?

    <p>2nd intercostal space, left sternal border</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which great vessel is directly connected to the left ventricle?

    <p>The aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which great vessel is directly connected to the right ventricle?

    <p>The pulmonary trunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which great vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the right atrium?

    <p>The superior vena cava</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which great vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the right atrium?

    <p>The inferior vena cava</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which great vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium?

    <p>The pulmonary veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which great vessel carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the systemic circulation?

    <p>The aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which great vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs?

    <p>The pulmonary trunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intercostal space is the best place to hear sounds from the right ventricle and right AV valve?

    <p>5th intercostal space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the best place to palpate the PMI (point of maximum impulse) in a person with a 'normal' left ventricle?

    <p>5th intercostal space, midclavicular line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valve closing produces the first heart sound (Lub)?

    <p>Mitral valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valve closing produces the second heart sound (Dub)?

    <p>Aortic valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for abnormal heart sounds caused by valvular abnormalities?

    <p>Murmurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition where a valve doesn't open widely enough, causing turbulent flow and a murmur?

    <p>Stenosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition where a valve doesn't close tightly, causing backflow of blood and a murmur?

    <p>Regurgitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of valvular abnormality occurs when the valve doesn't open widely enough?

    <p>Stenosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the aortic valve can't open widely enough?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When would you hear a murmur if a valve doesn't close fully?

    <p>During ventricular systole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes a noisy turbulent flow and a murmur in the case of valve regurgitation?

    <p>Backflow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen if the mitral valve didn't close fully after the left ventricle relaxed?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can heart murmurs be heard?

    <p>During both systole and diastole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause a valve to not close fully or not open widely enough?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valve is involved if a murmur is heard loudest at the 2nd intercostal space, right sternal border?

    <p>Aortic valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a murmur is heard during ventricular diastole at the 5th intercostal space, midclavicular line, which valve is involved?

    <p>Pulmonic valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valve is involved if a murmur is heard at the 2nd intercostal space, left sternal border during ventricular systole?

    <p>Aortic valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the tricuspid valve can't close fully after the right ventricle relaxes?

    <p>Backflow of blood occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When would you hear a murmur if the mitral valve doesn't close fully after the left ventricle relaxes?

    <p>During ventricular diastole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valve is involved if a murmur is heard at the 5th intercostal space, left sternal border during ventricular diastole?

    <p>Pulmonary valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen if the pulmonary valve couldn't open widely enough?

    <p>Turbulent flow and a murmur occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When would you hear a murmur if the aortic valve couldn't open widely enough?

    <p>During ventricular systole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valve is involved if a murmur is heard at the 5th intercostal space, midclavicular line during ventricular systole?

    <p>Aortic valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen if the tricuspid valve couldn't open widely enough?

    <p>The valve becomes stenotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When would you hear a murmur if the pulmonary valve doesn't close fully?

    <p>During ventricular systole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valve is involved if a murmur is heard at the 2nd intercostal space, right sternal border during ventricular diastole?

    <p>Pulmonary valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

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