Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which research strategy seeks to identify and describe a cause-and-effect relationship between two (or more) variables?
Which research strategy seeks to identify and describe a cause-and-effect relationship between two (or more) variables?
- Correlational Strategy
- Experimental Strategy (correct)
- Descriptive Strategy
- Quasi-Experimental Strategy
What is the main difference between experimental and quasi-experimental strategies?
What is the main difference between experimental and quasi-experimental strategies?
- Experimental strategy establishes measurement validity
- Quasi-experimental strategy manipulates independent variables
- Experimental strategy lacks control on extraneous variables
- Quasi-experimental strategy lacks unambiguous cause-and-effect interpretation (correct)
Which type of research strategy provides a description regarding the variable(s) of interest?
Which type of research strategy provides a description regarding the variable(s) of interest?
- Correlational Strategy
- Quasi-Experimental Strategy
- Experimental Strategy
- Descriptive Strategy (correct)
What does internal validity speak to in experimental design?
What does internal validity speak to in experimental design?
In experimental design, what is the purpose of the control group?
In experimental design, what is the purpose of the control group?
If threat to external validity is a concern, what can be done to increase the realism of the experimental set-up?
If threat to external validity is a concern, what can be done to increase the realism of the experimental set-up?
In Variation-3 of experimental design, what is a weakness associated with the set-up?
In Variation-3 of experimental design, what is a weakness associated with the set-up?
What is the weakness associated with Variation-1 of experimental design?
What is the weakness associated with Variation-1 of experimental design?
What type of group may receive no treatment or a placebo treatment in experimental design?
What type of group may receive no treatment or a placebo treatment in experimental design?
In Variation-4 of experimental design, what is the identified weakness?
In Variation-4 of experimental design, what is the identified weakness?
What is the purpose of comparing the results of the experimental group to those of the control group?
What is the purpose of comparing the results of the experimental group to those of the control group?
In experimental design, what does the control group provide for comparison?
In experimental design, what does the control group provide for comparison?
What are threats to internal validity?
What are threats to internal validity?
What is the trade-off between internal and external validity?
What is the trade-off between internal and external validity?
What do confounding variables provide?
What do confounding variables provide?
What type of research has high internal validity but low external validity?
What type of research has high internal validity but low external validity?
What is random assignment used for in experimental design?
What is random assignment used for in experimental design?
What are extraneous variables?
What are extraneous variables?
What do threats to external validity limit?
What do threats to external validity limit?
What is the role of independent variables in an experiment?
What is the role of independent variables in an experiment?
What is the impact of laboratory research on external validity?
What is the impact of laboratory research on external validity?
What is the purpose of random assignment in an experiment?
What is the purpose of random assignment in an experiment?
What do confounding variables change with?
What do confounding variables change with?
What are threats to internal/external validity minimized through?
What are threats to internal/external validity minimized through?
What are extraneous variables in research?
What are extraneous variables in research?
What is the role of confounding variables in research?
What is the role of confounding variables in research?
What is the impact of laboratory research on external validity?
What is the impact of laboratory research on external validity?
What is the purpose of random assignment in an experiment?
What is the purpose of random assignment in an experiment?
What type of research has low internal validity but high external validity?
What type of research has low internal validity but high external validity?
What are threats to internal validity in experimental design?
What are threats to internal validity in experimental design?
What are threats to external validity in research?
What are threats to external validity in research?
What is the trade-off between internal and external validity?
What is the trade-off between internal and external validity?
What is the main difference between laboratory and field research in terms of validity?
What is the main difference between laboratory and field research in terms of validity?
What is the purpose of comparing individuals who have received different experimental treatments in experimental design?
What is the purpose of comparing individuals who have received different experimental treatments in experimental design?
What do threats to internal/external validity aim to minimize through experimental design?
What do threats to internal/external validity aim to minimize through experimental design?
What is the purpose of independent variables in an experiment?
What is the purpose of independent variables in an experiment?
Which type of validity refers to study characteristics that limit the generalizability of findings?
Which type of validity refers to study characteristics that limit the generalizability of findings?
What are extraneous variables in research?
What are extraneous variables in research?
What is the trade-off between internal and external validity?
What is the trade-off between internal and external validity?
What is the purpose of random assignment in experimental design?
What is the purpose of random assignment in experimental design?
What type of research has high internal validity but low external validity?
What type of research has high internal validity but low external validity?
What do confounding variables do in experimental design?
What do confounding variables do in experimental design?
What are threats to internal validity in experimental design related to?
What are threats to internal validity in experimental design related to?
What is the purpose of comparing individuals who have received different experimental treatments in experimental design?
What is the purpose of comparing individuals who have received different experimental treatments in experimental design?
What are threats to external validity in experimental design related to?
What are threats to external validity in experimental design related to?
What is the purpose of the control group in experimental design?
What is the purpose of the control group in experimental design?
What type of variables are manipulated by the scientist in experimental design?
What type of variables are manipulated by the scientist in experimental design?
What do laboratory research and field research respectively prioritize in terms of validity?
What do laboratory research and field research respectively prioritize in terms of validity?
Study Notes
Experimental Design and Validity in Research
- Threats to internal validity are factors within the design that allow for alternative interpretations.
- Threats to external validity are study characteristics, such as sampling, that limit the generalizability of findings.
- Threats to internal/external validity can be minimized through experimental design.
- There is a trade-off between internal and external validity.
- Independent variables are manipulated by the scientist, while dependent variables are measured to observe changes.
- Extraneous variables are variables other than those of interest in the research hypothesis.
- Confounding variables change with the independent and/or dependent variables, providing alternative cause-and-effect explanations.
- Internal validity threats include participant, environmental, and measurement variables.
- External validity threats include generalizing across participants and biases.
- Laboratory research has high internal validity but low external validity, while field research has low internal validity but high external validity.
- Experimental design involves comparison of individuals who have received different experimental treatments.
- Random assignment is used to attribute observed changes in the dependent variable to systematic changes in the independent variable, by excluding alternatives on the basis of no bias.
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Description
Test your knowledge of experimental design and research validity with this quiz. Explore the concepts of internal and external validity, independent and dependent variables, extraneous and confounding variables, as well as the trade-off between internal and external validity. Challenge yourself with questions about minimizing threats to validity through experimental design and understanding the differences between laboratory and field research.
