Types of Validity Quiz: Internal & External Validity

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a threat to internal validity?

Ecological validity
Population validity
Selection bias (correct)
Temporal validity

What does Cronbach's alpha measure?

Temporal validity
Internal consistency reliability (correct)
External validity
Population validity

Which test is specifically applied when dealing with tests that involve dichotomous response categories?

Testing effects
Maturation
Cronbach's alpha
KR-20 (correct)

What does external validity concern?

Generalizability of study findings to other populations, settings, or times (C)

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What does KR-20 assess?

Internal consistency reliability for tests with dichotomous items (C)

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What do higher values of Cronbach's alpha indicate?

Greater internal consistency (D)

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Which of the following is a threat to external validity?

Temporal validity (C)

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Which type of validity assesses whether a measurement reflects the entire range of the construct being measured?

Content validity (B)

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What does face validity assess?

The extent to which a measurement appears to measure what it claims to measure based on its face value (D)

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Which type of validity involves relating an instrument for data collection to a theoretical framework and usually involves hypothesis testing?

Construct validity (B)

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What does concurrent validity compare the accuracy of a data collection instrument with?

A gold standard (D)

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In the development of a mathematics test, what would content validity involve?

Ensuring that the test covers a representative sample of the math skills taught in the curriculum (D)

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What does predictive validity measure?

The ability of a test to predict outcomes at a future time (D)

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Which type of validity indicates how well the scale measures the construct it was designed to measure?

Construct validity (C)

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What is the extent to which a test measures a theoretical construct or trait and attempts to validate a body of theory underlying the measurement and testing of the hypothesized relationships?

Construct validity (C)

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Flashcards

Selection Bias Threat

Systematic differences between participant characteristics in different groups.

Cronbach's Alpha

Measures the internal consistency reliability of a test or scale.

KR-20 Test

Test measures internal consistency reliability for tests with dichotomous items.

External Validity

Concerned with the ability to generalize research findings to other populations, settings, or times.

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Higher Cronbach's Alpha

Greater internal consistency within the test or scale.

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Temporal Validity Threat

Factors related to time that can affect generalizability.

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Content Validity

Assesses if a measurement covers the entire range of the construct.

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Face Validity

The extent to which a measurement appears to measure what it claims.

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Construct Validity

Involves relating a measurement to a theoretical framework.

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Concurrent Validity

Compare with an established or definitive measure.

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Content Validity (Math Test)

Test covers a representative sample of the math skills taught.

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Predictive Validity

Ability of a test to predict future outcomes.

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Construct validity

How well the scale measures the construct it was designed to measure.

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Construct validity

Extent a test measures a theoretical construct or trait.

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Study Notes

Threats to Validity

History, maturation, testing, and instrumentation are threats to internal validity.
Selection, mortality, and extraneous variables are threats to external validity.

Reliability Measures

Cronbach's alpha measures the internal consistency of a test or scale.
Higher values of Cronbach's alpha indicate higher reliability.
KR-20 assesses the reliability of a test with dichotomous response categories.

Types of Validity

External validity concerns whether the results can be generalized to other populations and settings.
Content validity involves ensuring that a test measures the intended construct, e.g., a mathematics test should include relevant mathematical concepts.
Face validity assesses whether a test appears to measure what it claims to measure.
Construct validity assesses whether a measurement reflects the entire range of the construct being measured.
Concurrent validity compares the accuracy of a data collection instrument with a criterion measure at the same time.
Predictive validity measures how well a test predicts a future outcome or criterion.

Validity and Theory

Construct validity involves relating an instrument for data collection to a theoretical framework and usually involves hypothesis testing.
It indicates how well the scale measures the construct it was designed to measure and attempts to validate a body of theory underlying the measurement and testing of the hypothesized relationships.