Exact Differential Equations: Conditions and Solutions
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Questions and Answers

What is the key characteristic of a differential equation?

  • Must be a linear equation
  • Contains integrals
  • Involves derivatives, dependent variables, and independent variables (correct)
  • Only involves independent variables
  • What type of differential equation is dy + P(x)y = Q(x)?

  • Linear differential equation (correct)
  • Nonlinear differential equation
  • Quasi-linear differential equation
  • Partial differential equation
  • What is the general solution in the context of differential equations?

  • A solution with no arbitrary constants
  • A solution without dependent variables
  • A solution that contains arbitrary constants (correct)
  • A solution that ignores integration
  • How can Bernoulli’s equation be transformed into a linear differential equation?

    <p>By dividing throughout by y^n</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the solution of y^(1-n) dy + P(y^(1-n)) = Q?

    <p>y^(1-n) * Q + C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of ordinary differential equations, what does IF represent in the solution formula y(IF) = ∫(IF)Q + c?

    <p>Integration factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of orthogonal trajectories, what does the function F(y) represent?

    <p>The integrating factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For orthogonal trajectories of electric lines of force between opposite charges, what is the characteristic shape of equipotential lines?

    <p>Circles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of constant 'e' in finding orthogonal trajectories?

    <p>Ensuring orthogonality to each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are equipotential lines related to streamlines in fluid dynamics?

    <p>Perpendicular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of orthogonal trajectories, what characteristic does the family of confocal conics exhibit?

    <p>Elliptical form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For orthogonal trajectories of electrical lines between two concentric cylinders, what shape do the equipotential lines acquire?

    <p>Rectangles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For the differential equation $y^2y' - y^3\tan(x) - \sin(x)\cos(2x) = 0$, what is the order of the differential equation?

    <p>First order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the flu virus spreading in a college, what does it mean for a differential equation to be exact?

    <p>Its solution is in the form of a function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the flu virus spreading, what does 'Bernoulli’s equation' refer to?

    <p>A type of nonlinear first-order differential equation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial condition given for the differential equation $2xy^3y' + 3(y\log(x) - 2)y - x,dy = 0$?

    <p>$y(1) = 2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the differential equation $dy = \frac{x^2 + xy}{x + xy}dx$, what method can be used to solve it?

    <p>Separation of variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the necessary and sufficient condition for the differential equation Mdx + Ndy = 0 to be exact?

    <p>∂M/∂N = 0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of exact differential equations, what does the term ∂y/∂x represent?

    <p>Partial derivative of y with respect to x</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a method to solve exact differential equations?

    <p>Separation of variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the solution method provided for the differential equation x^4 - 2xy^2 + y^4 dx - (2x^2 y - 4xy^3 + sin(y)) dy = 0?

    <p>Integrate terms of M with respect to x and terms of N with respect to y</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of differential equations, what does 'reducible to the exact form' refer to?

    <p>'Exact form' after simplification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a differential equation that is reducible to the exact form, what does ∫f(x)dx represent?

    <p>'f(x)' as a constant term</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a body where the isotherms are constant, what do the orthogonal trajectories represent?

    <p>Curves along which heat will be flowing in regions free of heat sources or sinks and filled with homogeneous material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For isotherms of a lamina in the xy-plane defined by a certain equation, what do their orthogonal trajectories represent?

    <p>Flux lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which point lies on both the isotherm and the flux line passing through it?

    <p>(-1,1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the family of curves be described if they are self-orthogonal?

    <p>Confocal conics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following equations represents the orthogonal trajectory of the curve $r = 2a(1 + \cos heta)$?

    <p>$r = 2a(1 - \cos heta)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What parameter characterizes the family of curves that are self-orthogonal?

    <p>Parameter of the confocal conics</p> Signup and view all the answers

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