CH 9: Evolutionary Evidence of Common Ancestors for Living Hominids
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the hallmark traits of human evolution mentioned in the text?

  • Presence of a tail
  • Increased brain size (correct)
  • Quadrupedalism
  • Wings for flight

    • Which region of the body in humans underwent specific anatomical changes related to bipedalism?

  • Facial features
  • Upper limbs
  • Foramen magnum (correct)
  • Tailbone

    • What does the evolution of dentition, prognathism, and palate shape in hominids provide insight into?

  • Dietary changes (correct)
  • Underwater breathing
  • Climbing abilities
  • Flight adaptations

    • Which evidence is highlighted as reinforcing the connection between humans and other hominids?

    <p>Study of mitochondrial DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of locomotion mechanism is NOT seen in African apes according to the text?

    <p>Bipedalism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the transition from large, protruding jaws in early ancestors to subdued features in modern humans indicate?

    <p>Changes in diet and social interaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect marks significant milestones in human evolution according to the text?

    <p>Tool use and art development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of evidence underscores the shared journey of evolution between species?

    <p>Genetic evidence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, and Homo fossils' are mentioned in the text to lay out a timeline of what?

    <p>'Timeline of human evolution' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the study of cultural evidence such as tool use and art development reflect?

    <p>Growing cognitive capacities and social complexities over time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main evidence used to support the concept of common ancestors for living hominids?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the family within the animal kingdom that includes modern humans, our direct ancestors, and our closest relatives among the great apes?

    <p>Hominidae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagrammatic representation shows evolutionary relationships, placing the family Hominidae within the animal kingdom?

    <p>Phylogenetic tree (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical similarities do humans share with African apes?

    <p>Brain size (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evolutionary adaptation distinguishes humans from their ape cousins?

    <p>Bipedalism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic provides deeper insights into our evolutionary path according to the text?

    <p>Anatomical differences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of humans and African apes points towards a shared lineage?

    <p>Genetic and anatomical characteristics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to a significant number of shared genetic and anatomical characteristics between humans and African apes as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Common descent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of data is NOT mentioned as evidence for common ancestors among living hominids?

    <p>Geological data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What element distinguishes humans from African apes in terms of some aspects like bipedalism and dentition?

    <p>Fingernail color (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data is NOT mentioned as evidence for common ancestors among living hominids?

    <p>Behavioral data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of humans and African apes is highlighted as a shared lineage?

    <p>Genetic markers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trait marks a significant milestone in human evolution according to the text?

    <p>Bipedalism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic provides deeper insights into our evolutionary path according to the text?

    <p>Anatomical differences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the study of cultural evidence, such as tool use and art development, reflect?

    <p>Shared lineage with African apes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to a significant number of shared genetic and anatomical characteristics between humans and African apes as mentioned in the text?

    <p>'Family Hominidae' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the evolution of dentition, prognathism, and palate shape in hominids provide insight into?

    <p>Dietary habits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What element distinguishes humans from African apes in terms of some aspects like bipedalism and dentition?

    <p>'Anatomical differences' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, and Homo fossils' are mentioned in the text to lay out a timeline of what?

    <p>'Human evolution' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'African apes share a significant number of genetic and anatomical characteristics with us' refers to which concept?

    <p>'Shared lineage' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evolutionary trend is reflected in the increase in brain size over time in the hominid lineage?

    <p>Increased cognitive abilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of human evolution do the adaptations in the foramen magnum, spine, and pelvic girdle relate to?

    <p>Locomotion mechanism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the transition from large canines in early ancestors to subdued features in modern humans suggest?

    <p>Changes in diet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genetic evidence is highlighted as reinforcing the connection between humans and other hominids?

    <p>Examination of mitochondrial DNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the development of art and tool use signify in terms of human cognitive capacities and social complexities?

    <p>Growing cognitive capacities and social complexities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which evidence mentioned provides insights into dietary changes, social behavior, and environmental adaptations over millions of years?

    <p>Fossil evidence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical change distinguishes humans from their ape relatives in terms of locomotion?

    <p>Foramen magnum position (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, and Homo fossils contribute to our understanding of human evolution?

    <p>By adding a timeline through fossil evidence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key differences between early ancestors and modern humans based on dentition evolution?

    <p>Reduced palate shape complexity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of locomotion mechanism is prevalent in African apes but not seen in early hominids?

    <p>Bipedalism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evolutionary trend is reflected in the increase in brain size over time in the hominid lineage?

    <p>Natural selection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key differences between early ancestors and modern humans based on dentition evolution?

    <p>Transition to large canines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of evidence underscores the shared journey of evolution between species?

    <p>Mitochondrial DNA analysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adaptation distinguishes humans from their ape cousins?

    <p>Bipedalism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect marks significant milestones in human evolution according to the text?

    <p>Art development (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of evidence is NOT mentioned as evidence for common ancestors among living hominids?

    <p>Geological formations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of human evolution do the adaptations in the foramen magnum, spine, and pelvic girdle relate to?

    <p>Bipedalism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, and Homo fossils' are mentioned in the text to lay out a timeline of what?

    <p>&quot;Ape-like ancestor progression&quot; (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which evidence mentioned provides insights into dietary changes, social behavior, and environmental adaptations over millions of years?

    <p>&quot;Fossil records&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the development of art and tool use signify in terms of human cognitive capacities and social complexities?

    <p>Advanced social behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the phylogenetic tree places the family Hominidae distinctly within the broader context of the animal kingdom?

    <p>Anatomical differences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature provides a deeper insight into the evolutionary path of humans compared to African apes, according to the text?

    <p>Bipedalism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes humans from African apes in terms of dentition and bipedalism?

    <p>Jaw characteristics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor that underscores the concept that humans and African apes share a common ancestor?

    <p>Anatomical similarities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adaptation distinguishes humans from their ape cousins, particularly in aspects like bipedalism, brain size, and dentition?

    <p>Anatomical differences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides significant insights into dietary changes, social behavior, and environmental adaptations over millions of years?

    <p>Anatomical differences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which evidence highlights the shared lineage between humans and African apes?

    <p>'Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, and Homo' fossils (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evolutionary trend is reflected in the increase in brain size over time in the hominid lineage?

    <p>Increase in body size (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marks a significant milestone in human evolution based on adaptations in the foramen magnum, spine, and pelvic girdle?

    <p>'Homo sapiens' cognitive revolution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Humans and African apes have a common ancestor' is strongly supported by which type of evidence?

    <p>'Anatomical similarities' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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