18 Questions
Which term describes the similarity not due to common ancestry?
Homoplasy
What is the term used to describe gain of new, similar features independently?
Convergence
Why can homoplasy occur?
Due to convergence or parallelism
Which term refers to the loss of a new (apomorphic) feature, resembling an older ancestral feature?
Reversal
What is the term used for similarity resulting from common ancestry?
Homology
Which concept involves the gain of new, similar features independently, leading to analogous structures?
Convergent evolution
What is the term for a character state shared between two DNA sequences or taxa inherited from a common ancestor?
Homology
Which term describes a shared character that evolved independently, leading to erroneous groupings like 'vultures'?
Homoplasy
In convergent evolution, what do the spines of cacti and euphorbs represent?
Homoplasy
Why do old world and new world vultures provide an example of homoplasy?
Convergent evolution
What is an example of reversal within Tetrapods mentioned in the text?
Forelimbs loss in snakes
'Australian 'mole' and N.Am.' is an example of which evolutionary concept mentioned?
Convergence
What is an example of convergent evolution mentioned in the text?
The fins of a whale and the fins of a shark
What is the difference between orthologous and paralogous genes?
Orthologous genes are homologous, while paralogous genes are not homologous
What is a monophyletic group according to the text?
A group consisting of a common ancestor and all its descendants
What is an example of homoplasy due to convergence mentioned in the text?
The fins of a whale and the fins of a shark
What is an example of parallel evolution mentioned in the text?
The 3 spine stickleback species pairs in coastal lakes of British Columbia
What is the relationship between the recency of common ancestry and the degree of relatedness between taxa?
Taxa sharing a more recent common ancestor are more closely related than those sharing a more distant common ancestor
Explore various evolutionary concepts such as convergence, homoplasy, and parallel evolution through examples like the fins of whales and sharks and the 3-spine stickleback species pairs. Learn about positive assortative mating and disruptive selection's role in divergence.
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