Evolutionary Accounts of Prejudice and Ingroup Bias
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Questions and Answers

What is a situation where explicit attitudes matter for discrimination?

  • When motivation to appear unbiased is low
  • When time pressure is involved
  • When conscious reflection is possible (correct)
  • When cognitive resources are taxed

Which type of attitudes are consciously endorsed and easily reported?

  • Illusory correlation attitudes
  • Explicit attitudes (correct)
  • Implicit attitudes
  • Outgroup homogeneity attitudes

In what scenarios do implicit attitudes matter more for discrimination?

  • When cognitive resources are taxed (correct)
  • When conscious reflection is possible
  • When motivation to appear unbiased is high
  • When cognitive resources are abundant

What phenomenon refers to the tendency to see members of outgroups as more similar to one another than members of ingroups?

<p>Outgroup homogeneity effect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an effective strategy to reduce prejudice and conflict based on the provided text?

<p>Unlearning implicit associations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common method used to measure the strength of associations between concepts in memory?

<p>Implicit Association Test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of contact can help promote positive attitudes between different groups?

<p>Positive, equal-status one-on-one interactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the contact hypothesis, under what conditions can intergroup contact reduce prejudice?

<p>When interactions are positive and involve equal-status individuals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the false belief that two events are correlated when they are not?

<p>Paired distinctiveness bias (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the key finding regarding Christian refugee women in Mousa's study involving soccer?

<p>They developed more positive attitudes towards Muslims (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can changing implicit biases be described based on the information provided?

<p>Re-learning new associations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why the content of prejudice can vary across different times and places?

<p>Pathogen avoidance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept explains the tendency of people to exhibit an 'us vs. them' mentality?

<p>Socially constructed outgroup (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is associated with increased ingroup favoritism and stronger immune reactions, based on the text?

<p>Fear of pathogens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was found in the study by Brewer & Campbell regarding intercultural attitudes?

<p>Liking towards culturally similar groups (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the evolutionary account presented in the text, what role did strangers play in ancestral environments?

<p>Sources of novel pathogens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept is related to the idea that areas with high pathogen prevalence tend to exhibit more ingroup favoritism?

<p>Behavioral immune system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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