ch2-3
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the aortic arches in protovertebrates?

  • Respiration
  • Circulation
  • Feeding (correct)
  • Excretion
  • What is the function of the oviducts in vertebrates?

  • To control the actions of organs and muscles
  • To receive sensory inputs
  • To alter gland secretion
  • To store eggs and develop embryos (correct)
  • In vertebrates, how are shelled eggs fertilized?

  • By the spinal cord
  • Inside the oviduct (correct)
  • By the endocrine system
  • Outside the body
  • Which structure was added to the heart in gnathostomes?

    <p>Conus arteriosus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is responsible for inserting sperm into the female's reproductive tract in vertebrates?

    <p>Pelvic claspers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of subclavian arteries in the circulatory system of gnathostomes?

    <p>Supply the forelimbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the spinal cord considered to have considerable autonomy in vertebrates?

    <p>When controlling complex movements like swimming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the myelin sheath in jawed vertebrates?

    <p>Insulate the axons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main distinction between the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

    <p>Location in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of the nervous and endocrine systems in an animal?

    <p>To coordinate organ and muscle actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system controls the actions of organs and muscles in vertebrates?

    <p>Nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In lampreys, what was the purpose of adding additional aortic arches posteriorly?

    <p>To accommodate more gill openings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basic unit of the nervous system?

    <p>Neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of nervous system is known as the voluntary nervous system?

    <p>Somatic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction is produced by the spinal cord as a reflex arc?

    <p>Reflex reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In vertebrate evolution, what has been a trend regarding connections within the spinal cord and between the spinal cord and the brain?

    <p>Development of more complex connections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure does the somatic nervous system innervate?

    <p>Striated muscles derived from somites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dual type of nervous system found in vertebrates?

    <p>Somatic and autonomic nervous systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the hair cell in the inner ear?

    <p>Detect linear acceleration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the inner ear contains sensory organs called maculae?

    <p>Utriculus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the vestibular apparatus in vertebrates?

    <p>Detect position in space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of organisms is primarily known for utilizing electroreception?

    <p>Fishes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of fluid is found within the sacs and tubules of the vestibular apparatus?

    <p>Endolymph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are tiny crystals of calcium carbonate located in the inner ear?

    <p>Maculae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do sensory nerves in cranial nerves convey information from?

    <p>The head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of nerves supply the lateral line in fishes?

    <p>Special sensory nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nerve carries the visceral motor nerve supply to various organs?

    <p>Vagus nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In vertebrates, what is the front part of the forebrain called?

    <p>Telencephalon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the tripartite brain structure is associated with vision?

    <p>Mesencephalon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three parts of the tripartite brain structure in vertebrates?

    <p>Telencephalon, Diencephalon, Mesencephalon</p> Signup and view all the answers

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