Questions and Answers
What is management theory?
A systematic statement based on observations of how management processes might best occur, given stated underlying principles.
Which of the following are approaches to management thought? (Select all that apply)
Who is considered a key contributor to Scientific Management Theory?
F.W. Taylor
The principles of management are derived from _____ and analysis of experimental studies.
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The Classical Approach focuses primarily on the holistic view of the organization.
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What is the primary focus of Administrative Management Theory?
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Match the following contributors with their respective theories:
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Bureaucratic Management Theory is appreciated in modern organizations.
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What does Fayol's functional definition of management include?
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Study Notes
Key Contributors to Management Thought
- Contributors to management thought include F.W. Taylor, Henri Fayol, Max Weber, Frank and Lillian Gilbreth, and Henry Gantt.
- Development of management thought involves identifying key contributors, describing various approaches, and evaluating their relevance today.
Management Theory Overview
- Management theory is a systematic statement on how management processes should occur based on underlying principles.
- There is no single accepted management theory; various approaches coexist and inform managerial decisions.
- Principles of management are derived from observation and analysis, highlighting their evolutionary and dynamic nature.
Features of Management Principles
- Principles are evolutionary and adaptable, showing flexibility and relativity in different contexts.
- They emphasize a concentration on human behavior and have limited applications depending on circumstances.
- Management principles aim to provide universality, guiding decision-making across various situations.
Classical Approach (1800s-1900s)
- Focuses on the manager's role within a formal hierarchy, directing attention to task efficiency and organizational systems.
- Includes major theories such as Scientific Management, Administrative Management, and Bureaucratic Management.
Scientific Management Theory
- Seeks to improve operational efficiency through systematic study of work methods.
- Prominent figures include F.W. Taylor, known as the father of Scientific Management.
- Key issues addressed include labor inefficiency, soldiering, and reliance on outdated methods without performance concern.
Assumptions of Scientific Management
- Workers' primary motivation is economic gain, termed the economic rational man.
- There exists one best method for performing each job, which can be scientifically determined.
- Workers are assumed to have the capacity to perform tasks as per scientific methods without considering psychological or physiological limitations.
Principles of Scientific Management
- Develop standardized methods for performing tasks.
- Scientifically select and train employees for their designated roles.
- Supervise workers to ensure adherence to prescribed methods and link performance to economic rewards.
Administrative Management Theory
- Focuses on organizational productivity from a macro perspective, aiming for overall efficiency improvements.
- Henri Fayol, a key contributor, outlined various management functions and activities essential to an organization.
Fayol's Management Functions
- Includes planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling.
- Emphasizes that planning is the most challenging function requiring visionary thinking.
Fayol's 14 Principles of Management
- Key principles include division of labor, authority, discipline, unity of command, remuneration, and equity.
- Principles advocate for clearly defined roles, fair compensation, stability of staff, and fostering team spirit (esprit de corps) among employees.
Bureaucratic Management Theory
- Emphasizes a clearly defined hierarchy with strict rules and regulations guiding organizational structure.
- Max Weber highlighted the need for orderly and systematic management in large organizations.
- Characteristics include an impersonal structure, defined authority, technical qualifications for roles, and strict adherence to the chain of command.
Modern Relevance of Bureaucracy
- While necessary for systematic management, bureaucracy often leads to employee frustration and a stifling of creativity.
- Its emphasis on rigid structures may reduce organizational flexibility in contemporary settings.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the key contributors to the evolution of management thought. This quiz covers essential theories and figures that have shaped management practices. Ideal for students in MGT 1131 at NSBM Green University.
