Evolution Biology: Phyletic Gradualism and Punctuated Equilibrium
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Questions and Answers

Who popularized the model of allopatric speciation?

  • Kim Sterelny
  • Charles Darwin
  • Ernst Mayr (correct)
  • Stephen Jay Gould

What happens to new and beneficial mutations in a large central population?

  • They are diluted by the population's large size (correct)
  • They are eliminated by natural selection
  • They are more likely to reach fixation
  • They are caused by gene flow

What is the process by which a species splits into two distinct species?

  • Allopatric speciation
  • Cladogenesis (correct)
  • Anagenesis
  • Phyletic gradualism

What is the expected fossil record evidence of gradual evolution if most evolution happens through allopatric speciation?

<p>Rare (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the state of little or no morphological change in a species over time?

<p>Stasis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the phenomenon where species undergo no further evolutionary change once speciation is complete?

<p>Stasis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the fossil record, what is the characteristic of evolutionary change in a species?

<p>Little or no change for most of its geological history (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of change in lineages according to Kim Sterelny?

<p>It wobbles about the phenotypic mean (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the process of a species transforming into a new one through steady transformation?

<p>Anagenesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of evolutionary stasis?

<p>Osmunda claytoniana (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the fossil evidence of reproductively isolated Olive Shells (Amalda sp.)?

<p>It confirms morphological stasis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the theory that proposes that once a species appears in the fossil record, it will show little evolutionary change for most of its geological history?

<p>Punctuated equilibrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Dawkins term the alternative to 'constant speedism'?

<p>Variable speedism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Eldredge and Gould propose about evolution?

<p>Evolution generally proceeds in bursts, or not at all (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an extreme case of, according to 'continuously variable speedism'?

<p>Ultra-slow evolution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept often mistakenly opposed to punctuated equilibrium?

<p>Phyletic gradualism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used by Richard Dawkins to describe the idea of evolution proceeding at a single uniform rate of speed?

<p>Constant speedism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do proponents of 'continuously variable speedism' believe about evolutionary rates?

<p>Evolutionary rates fluctuate continuously from very fast to very slow and stop (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of George Gaylord Simpson's conjecture?

<p>Evolution at higher taxonomic groups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between 'discrete variable speedism' and 'continuously variable speedism'?

<p>The pattern of evolutionary rates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the book in which Richard Dawkins dedicated a chapter to correcting the wide confusion regarding rates of change?

<p>The Blind Watchmaker (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process described by Jonathan Weiner's book 'The Beak of the Finch'?

<p>Punctuated equilibrium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the idea that species are not just classes, but individuals?

<p>Darwinian individuals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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