Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM)?
What is the purpose of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM)?
- To promote the use of pathophysiologic rationale in treatment decisions
- To shift decision making from intuition and unsystematic clinical experience to increase the use of scientific, clinically relevant research (correct)
- To emphasize the importance of anecdotal evidence in clinical practice
- To discourage the use of scientific research in clinical decision making
What is the term introduced by Archie Cochrane in 1992 to emphasize the use of systematic review of evidence in treatment decisions?
What is the term introduced by Archie Cochrane in 1992 to emphasize the use of systematic review of evidence in treatment decisions?
- Systematic Treatment Review
- Evidence-Based Medicine (correct)
- Evidence Based Practice
- Evidence Informed Practice
What does Evidence Informed Practice aim to do?
What does Evidence Informed Practice aim to do?
- Integrate the best available research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values (correct)
- Disregard patient values in treatment decisions
- Rely solely on clinical expertise without considering research evidence
- Base decisions only on anecdotal evidence
What was the research/practice gap after the introduction of Evidence-Based Medicine?
What was the research/practice gap after the introduction of Evidence-Based Medicine?
What is the systematic influence that distorts comparisons in research studies?
What is the systematic influence that distorts comparisons in research studies?
What can influence research outcomes in medical and surgical trials, with a more pronounced effect in drug trials?
What can influence research outcomes in medical and surgical trials, with a more pronounced effect in drug trials?
What is the measurement of the relationship between two variables, and it does not imply causation?
What is the measurement of the relationship between two variables, and it does not imply causation?
What type of bias involves systematically different groups due to inadequate randomization?
What type of bias involves systematically different groups due to inadequate randomization?
What may reduce options according to a common misconception?
What may reduce options according to a common misconception?
What is a systematic influence that distorts comparisons in research studies?
What is a systematic influence that distorts comparisons in research studies?
Which type of bias refers to systematic differences in the care provided apart from the intervention being assessed?
Which type of bias refers to systematic differences in the care provided apart from the intervention being assessed?
What type of bias is characterized by systematic differences in withdrawals from the trial?
What type of bias is characterized by systematic differences in withdrawals from the trial?
In a study, if participants who are aware of being observed alter their behavior, what type of bias is this an example of?
In a study, if participants who are aware of being observed alter their behavior, what type of bias is this an example of?
Which principle of causation refers to the cause coming before the effect?
Which principle of causation refers to the cause coming before the effect?
What principle of causation states that a stronger association provides better evidence of a cause/effect relationship?
What principle of causation states that a stronger association provides better evidence of a cause/effect relationship?
What does 'dose-response relationship' in the principle of causation refer to?
What does 'dose-response relationship' in the principle of causation refer to?
What type of evidence for cause/effect relationship does 'reversibility' in the principle of causation support?
What type of evidence for cause/effect relationship does 'reversibility' in the principle of causation support?
What does 'consistency' in the principle of causation refer to?
What does 'consistency' in the principle of causation refer to?
Study Notes
- Arguments for avoiding or decreasing reliance on clinical experience alone: false attribution, lack of follow-up, small sample size, rose-coloured glasses
- Use literature, more credible sources to make informed decisions, efficient use of resources, improved clinical care
- Arguments for stopping ineffective practices: consistency within/across professions, communication and collaboration, promotes inquiry, continual improvement
- Misconception: limiting treatments to proven effective ones may reduce options, challenging to study complex situations, complex interventions, concerns about undermining naturopathic philosophy
- Essential to understand and critically evaluate research for proper application
- Industry funding can influence research outcomes in medical and surgical trials, and this influence is more pronounced in drug trials
- Science involves systematic study of the physical and natural world through observation and experimentation, empirical method of acquiring knowledge, correlation vs causation
- Correlation is a measurement of the relationship between two variables, and it does not imply causation
- Confounding factors can influence research results, making it difficult to determine causality
- Bias is a systematic influence that distorts comparisons, and it can impact any kind of research study
- Selection bias: systematically different groups due to inadequate randomization, likely influenced by factors like socio-economic status, education level, etc.
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Description
Test your knowledge on evidence-based medicine, the scientific method, critical appraisal of health research, and principles of causation and correlation.
