Chapter 5 Pharma
180 Questions
3 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is true about propofol-induced metabolic acidosis?

  • It is caused by excessive generation of organic acids
  • It is irreversible and can lead to cardiogenic shock
  • It is associated with large volume infusions of 0.9% saline
  • It can be reversed by discontinuing propofol administration (correct)

    • What is the recommended action if unexpected tachycardia occurs during propofol anesthesia?

  • Continue propofol administration and monitor closely
  • Discontinue propofol administration and evaluate for metabolic acidosis (correct)
  • Increase the propofol dosage
  • Administer an anticholinergic medication

    • What is the mechanism for sporadic propofol-induced metabolic acidosis?

  • Specific defects in the mitochondrial respiratory chain
  • Release of a tourniquet
  • Impaired oxidation of long chain fatty acids (correct)
  • Poisoning of the electron transport chain

    • What is the recommended action if the results of laboratory studies for propofol-induced metabolic acidosis are delayed?

    <p>Discontinue propofol administration while waiting for the results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical composition of propofol?

    <p>2,6-diisopropylphenol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to a drug that induces a state of calm or sleep?

    <p>Sedative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dose range of propofol for intravenous administration?

    <p>1.5 to 2.5 mg/kg IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe drugs that reversibly depress the activity of the central nervous system (CNS)?

    <p>Sedativehypnotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a property of propofol that contributes to its neuroprotective effect?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most commonly reported adverse event associated with propofol administration to awake patients?

    <p>Pain on injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following anesthetic drugs decrease pharyngeal contraction force?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of etomidate's chemical structure?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about etomidate is true?

    <p>Etomidate has minimal effects on the duration of electrically induced seizures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principal limiting factor in the clinical use of etomidate for induction of anesthesia?

    <p>Etomidate's ability to depress adrenocortical function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is similar to etomidate in terms of its effects on cerebral blood flow?

    <p>Propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of etomidate on mean arterial blood pressure?

    <p>Etomidate decreases mean arterial blood pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which isomer of etomidate is approximately 5 times as potent as the other?

    <p>R(+) isomer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does etomidate exert its effects on GABAA receptors?

    <p>By binding directly to a specific site on the protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clearance rate of etomidate compared to propofol?

    <p>Etomidate has a slower clearance rate than propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the context-sensitive half-time of etomidate compared to propofol?

    <p>The context-sensitive half-time of etomidate is less likely to be increased by continuous infusion as compared with propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible mechanism of etomidate-induced myoclonus?

    <p>Activation of subcortical structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of etomidate administration in patients experiencing sepsis or hemorrhage?

    <p>Suppression of adrenocortical function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is specifically inhibited by etomidate in adrenocortical suppression?

    <p>11-βhydroxylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of adrenocortical suppression caused by an induction dose of etomidate?

    <p>4 to 8 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the EEG is often coincident with excitatory movements in patients experiencing etomidate-induced myoclonus?

    <p>Slow phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Has seizure-like activity on the EEG been documented in association with etomidate-induced myoclonus?

    <p>No</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the effects of etomidate on myocardial contractility is true?

    <p>Etomidate has minimal depressive effects on myocardial contractility at clinical concentrations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the effects of etomidate on ventilation is true?

    <p>Etomidate stimulates ventilation through the medullary centers that respond to carbon dioxide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the effects of etomidate on pain on injection is true?

    <p>Etomidate in a lipid emulsion vehicle eliminates pain on injection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the effects of etomidate on myoclonus is true?

    <p>Pretreatment with small doses of etomidate can suppress myoclonus associated with etomidate administration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential consequence of propofol administration in patients receiving prolonged infusion for sedation in the ICU?

    <p>Metabolic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action if metabolic acidosis is suspected in a patient receiving propofol anesthesia?

    <p>Discontinue propofol administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential mechanism for propofol-induced metabolic acidosis?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended time limit for using an opened ampule of propofol if it is not used immediately?

    <p>6 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of propofol's chemical structure?

    <p>It is a substituted isopropylphenol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible mechanism of etomidate-induced myoclonus?

    <p>Inhibition of GABAA receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action if unexpected tachycardia occurs during propofol anesthesia?

    <p>Decrease the propofol dose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principal limiting factor in the clinical use of etomidate for induction of anesthesia?

    <p>Cardiovascular instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the antioxidant properties of propofol?

    <p>Propofol reacts with lipid peroxyl radicals and inhibits lipid peroxidation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most commonly reported adverse event associated with propofol administration to awake patients?

    <p>Pain on injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action to decrease the incidence of pain on injection during propofol administration?

    <p>Administering lidocaine prior to propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of subhypnotic concentrations of propofol, isoflurane, and sevoflurane on pharyngeal contraction force?

    <p>They decrease pharyngeal contraction force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the metabolism of etomidate?

    <p>Etomidate is metabolized by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester side chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the distribution of etomidate in the body is true?

    <p>Etomidate is highly protein bound in the plasma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clearance of etomidate compared to propofol?

    <p>Etomidate has a slower clearance than propofol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the terminal elimination half-life of etomidate compared to propofol?

    <p>Etomidate has a shorter terminal elimination half-life than propofol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the effects of etomidate on cerebral blood flow is true?

    <p>Etomidate decreases cerebral blood flow by 35% to 45%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the effects of etomidate on adrenocortical function is true?

    <p>Etomidate transiently depresses adrenocortical function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the effects of etomidate on mean arterial blood pressure is true?

    <p>Etomidate may decrease mean arterial blood pressure by up to 15%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the effects of etomidate on seizure activity is true?

    <p>Etomidate may activate seizure foci and increase excitatory spikes on the EEG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the effects of etomidate on myocardial contractility is true?

    <p>Etomidate has minimal effects on myocardial contractility at concentrations needed for anesthesia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the effects of etomidate on ventilation is true?

    <p>Etomidate may stimulate ventilation independently of the medullary centers that normally respond to carbon dioxide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the effects of etomidate on pain on injection is true?

    <p>Etomidate causes pain on injection but can be eliminated by using a different vehicle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible mechanism of etomidate-induced myoclonus?

    <p>Etomidate increases GABAergic neurotransmission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible mechanism of etomidate-induced myoclonus?

    <p>Disinhibition of subcortical structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of adrenocortical suppression caused by an induction dose of etomidate?

    <p>4 to 8 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is specifically inhibited by etomidate in adrenocortical suppression?

    <p>11-βhydroxylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of etomidate administration in patients experiencing sepsis or hemorrhage?

    <p>Suppressed cortisol response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a property of propofol that contributes to its neuroprotective effect?

    <p>Reduction of cerebral blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Has seizure-like activity on the EEG been documented in association with etomidate-induced myoclonus?

    <p>No</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to a drug that induces a state of calm or sleep?

    <p>Sedative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dose range of propofol for intravenous administration?

    <p>1.5 to 2.5 mg/kg IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principal limiting factor in the clinical use of etomidate for induction of anesthesia?

    <p>Adrenocortical suppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the terminal elimination half-life of etomidate compared to propofol?

    <p>Shorter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential consequence of propofol administration at room temperature for several days?

    <p>Increased risk of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of propofol's antioxidant properties?

    <p>It scavenges free radicals and inhibits lipid peroxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential benefit of propofol in disease states such as acute lung injury?

    <p>Suppression of peroxynitrite formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most commonly reported adverse event associated with propofol administration to awake patients?

    <p>Pain on injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential consequence of prolonged propofol infusion for sedation in the ICU?

    <p>Development of metabolic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of propofol-induced metabolic acidosis?

    <p>It is reversible with discontinuation of propofol administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about propofol's effect on bacterial growth?

    <p>Propofol strongly supports the growth of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a recommended practice for handling propofol to prevent bacterial contamination?

    <p>Disinfect the ampule neck surface or vial rubber stopper with 70% isopropyl alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the effects of etomidate on myocardial contractility is true?

    <p>Etomidate causes dose-dependent decreases in developed tension in isolated cardiac muscle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the effects of etomidate on ventilation is true?

    <p>Etomidate-induced decreases in tidal volume are offset by compensatory increases in the frequency of breathing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about pain on injection and venous irritation is true?

    <p>Etomidate does not cause pain on injection or venous irritation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about myoclonus associated with etomidate administration is true?

    <p>Myoclonus occurs in 50% to 80% of patients receiving etomidate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the pharmacokinetics of etomidate is true?

    <p>Etomidate reaches peak levels in the brain within 1 minute after IV injection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of etomidate?

    <p>Etomidate binds directly to a specific site on GABAA receptors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clearance rate of etomidate compared to propofol?

    <p>Etomidate has a slower clearance rate than propofol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the terminal elimination half-life of etomidate compared to propofol?

    <p>Etomidate has a shorter terminal elimination half-life than propofol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential mechanism for etomidate-induced myoclonus?

    <p>Activation of seizure foci in patients with a history of seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the duration of action of etomidate is true?

    <p>The duration of action is prolonged by increasing the dose of etomidate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the effects of etomidate on cerebral blood flow is true?

    <p>Etomidate decreases cerebral blood flow by 35% to 45%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the cardiovascular effects of etomidate is true?

    <p>Etomidate causes minimal changes in heart rate, stroke volume, or cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most likely mechanism of etomidate-induced myoclonus?

    <p>Inhibition of subcortical structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phase of the EEG is often coincident with excitatory movements in patients experiencing etomidate-induced myoclonus?

    <p>Delta phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is inhibited by etomidate, leading to adrenocortical suppression?

    <p>11-βhydroxylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does adrenocortical suppression caused by an induction dose of etomidate typically last?

    <p>6-8 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of etomidate administration in patients experiencing sepsis or hemorrhage?

    <p>Decreased adrenocortical function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about etomidate is true?

    <p>It has a short duration of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol is a benzodiazepine drug.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The term sedative-hypnotic refers to drugs that reversibly depress the activity of the central nervous system (CNS).

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol is administered intravenously.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol is chemically distinct from all other drugs that act as IV sedative-hypnotics.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate is administered as a single isomer.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate primarily acts on GABAA receptors.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate is rapidly metabolized by hepatic enzymes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate has a shorter terminal elimination half-life compared to propofol.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol has antioxidant properties that resemble those of vitamin E.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol's neuroprotective effect is primarily due to its antioxidant potential.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol's ability to suppress phagocytosis is related to its peroxynitrite scavenging activity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol's pain on injection is more commonly reported when injected into a large vein on the hand.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Etomidate has minimal negative inotropic effects on myocardial contractility at clinical concentrations

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Etomidate-induced decreases in tidal volume are offset by compensatory increases in the frequency of breathing

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Etomidate may stimulate ventilation independently of carbon dioxide levels in the body

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pain on injection and venous irritation are common side effects of etomidate

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol can cause severe, refractory, and fatal bradycardia in children in the ICU when used for long-term sedation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Short-term infusions of propofol for surgical anesthesia have been associated with the development of metabolic acidosis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol-induced metabolic acidosis is reversible with discontinuation of propofol administration.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol administration can result in spontaneous excitatory movements of subcortical origin, which are not due to cortical epileptic activity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Involuntary myoclonic movements are common during the induction period as a result of alteration in the balance of inhibitory and excitatory influences on the thalamocortical tract.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Awakening after a single IV dose of etomidate is more rapid than after barbiturates and similar to that of propofol.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate produces a pattern on the EEG that is similar to thiopental and propofol.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Cardiovascular stability is characteristic of induction of anesthesia with 0.3 mg/kg IV of etomidate.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate-induced myoclonus is caused by disinhibition of subcortical structures that normally suppress extrapyramidal motor activity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Excitatory movements in patients experiencing etomidate-induced myoclonus are often coincident with the early slow phase of the EEG.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate-induced myoclonus can occur on awakening if the extrapyramidal system emerges more quickly than the cortex that inhibits it.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Seizure-like activity on the EEG has been documented in association with etomidate-induced myoclonus.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate causes adrenocortical suppression by inhibiting the conversion of cholesterol to cortisol.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The specific enzyme inhibited by etomidate in adrenocortical suppression is 11-βhydroxylase.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol administration can result in bacterial growth.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol-induced metabolic acidosis is reversible with discontinuation of propofol administration.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol administration can result in spontaneous excitatory movements of cortical origin.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol has bactericidal properties against Candida albicans.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Intravenous sedatives and hypnotics are not commonly used in the practice of anesthesiology.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Sedatives induce a state of calm or sleep, while hypnotics induce hypnosis or sleep.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Sedative-hypnotics are drugs that stimulate the activity of the central nervous system (CNS).

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Propofol is chemically distinct from all other drugs that act as IV sedative-hypnotics.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Propofol has antioxidant properties similar to vitamin E.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Propofol's phenol ring structure allows it to react with lipid peroxyl radicals and inhibit lipid peroxidation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Propofol's ability to scavenge peroxynitrite contributes to its known ability to suppress phagocytosis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Changing the composition of the carrier fat emulsion for propofol can decrease the incidence of pain on injection.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate is administered as a single isomer.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate primarily acts on GABA receptors.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate is highly bound to albumin in the plasma.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate has a longer terminal elimination half-life compared to propofol.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Involuntary myoclonic movements are common during the induction period as a result of alteration in the balance of inhibitory and excitatory influences on the thalamocortical tract.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Awakening after a single IV dose of etomidate is more rapid than after barbiturates and similar to that of propofol.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate produces a pattern on the EEG that is similar to thiopental and propofol.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Cardiovascular stability is characteristic of induction of anesthesia with 0.3 mg/kg IV of etomidate.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate has minimal negative inotropic effects on myocardial contractility at clinical concentrations.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate may stimulate ventilation independently of carbon dioxide levels in the body.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Propofol administration can result in spontaneous excitatory movements of subcortical origin, which are not due to cortical epileptic activity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate's pain on injection and venous irritation can be virtually eliminated by using a lipid emulsion vehicle.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate-induced myoclonus is caused by disinhibition of subcortical structures that normally suppress extrapyramidal motor activity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Excitatory movements during etomidate-induced myoclonus are coincident with the early slow phase of the EEG.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Myoclonus could occur on awakening if the extrapyramidal system emerges more quickly than the cortex that inhibits it.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Seizure-like activity on the EEG has been documented in association with etomidate-induced myoclonus.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate causes adrenocortical suppression by inhibiting the conversion of cholesterol to cortisol.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The enzyme specifically inhibited by etomidate in adrenocortical suppression is 11-βhydroxylase.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Intravenous sedatives and hypnotics are not important in the practice of anesthesiology.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Sedatives induce a state of calm or sleep.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Sedative-hypnotics can only be used to allay anxiety with minimal sedation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Propofol is chemically distinct from all other drugs that act as IV sedative-hypnotics.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate is administered orally for transmucosal delivery?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate is metabolized by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester side chain?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate primarily acts on GABAA receptors?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The Vd of etomidate is larger than that of propofol?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Propofol has antioxidant properties that resemble those of vitamin E.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Propofol's ability to scavenge peroxynitrite contributes to its known ability to suppress phagocytosis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Propofol administration can result in spontaneous excitatory movements of cortical origin.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate-induced decreases in tidal volume are offset by compensatory increases in the frequency of breathing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol can cause severe, refractory, and fatal bradycardia in children in the ICU.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Metabolic acidosis can occur with short-term infusions of propofol.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol-induced lactic acidosis can be differentiated from hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis by measuring the anion gap and individual measurements of anions and organic acids.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propofol administration can support the growth of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Involuntary myoclonic movements during the induction period are a result of inhibitory influences on the thalamocortical tract?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate is a potent direct cerebral vasoconstrictor?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate causes a decrease in mean arterial blood pressure?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Propofol causes a greater decline in mean arterial pressure than etomidate during induction of patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate causes dose-dependent decreases in developed tension in isolated cardiac muscle.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate-induced decreases in tidal volume are offset by compensatory increases in the frequency of breathing.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Pain on injection and venous irritation has been virtually eliminated with use of etomidate in a lipid emulsion vehicle.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The incidence and intensity of myoclonus following the administration of etomidate is dose related.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate-induced myoclonus is caused by disinhibition of subcortical structures that normally suppress extrapyramidal motor activity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate primarily acts on GABAA receptors.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate administration can lead to adrenocortical suppression.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate-induced myoclonus is associated with seizure-like activity on the EEG.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Etomidate has minimal negative inotropic effects on myocardial contractility.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Propofol has antioxidant properties similar to vitamin E.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Propofol
    119 questions

    Propofol

    ThrivingSavannah9407 avatar
    ThrivingSavannah9407
    Propofol Drug Card Flashcards
    10 questions

    Propofol Drug Card Flashcards

    SensationalChrysoprase468 avatar
    SensationalChrysoprase468
    Propofol (Diprivan) Flashcards
    8 questions

    Propofol (Diprivan) Flashcards

    WinningDandelion avatar
    WinningDandelion
    Propofol Flashcards
    13 questions

    Propofol Flashcards

    WholesomeVibrance avatar
    WholesomeVibrance
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser