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Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa: Early History
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Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa: Early History

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Questions and Answers

What is the age range of the Luba generation set?

  • 49-80 years
  • 25-32 years
  • 41-48 years (correct)
  • 33-40 years
  • Who assisted the Abba-Gadaa in the Gadaa government?

  • Abba-Dula and Abba Sera
  • Representatives from the generation set (correct)
  • The Qallu and the kalale
  • Abba Bokku and Abba Chaffe
  • What was the role of the Qallu in the Gadaa system?

  • To play an indispensable role in power transfer and legitimizing the ruling gadaa class (correct)
  • To lead the army
  • To resolve conflicts
  • To advise the Abba-Gadaa
  • What institution helped women maintain their rights in the Gadaa system?

    <p>Sinqe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the term for women above 80 years in the Gadaa system?

    <p>Cifire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the role of the kalale in the Gadaa system?

    <p>To support and advise the ruling class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often did the Gadaa system transfer power?

    <p>Every eight years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the term for the wife of a Gadamojji in the Gadaa system?

    <p>Cifire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the role of the Abba Sera in the Gadaa government?

    <p>Father of law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the role of the Abba-Dula in the Gadaa government?

    <p>War leader</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Domestication of Animals and Stone Tools

    • Domestication of animals like cattle and use of stone tools took place in Ethiopia and the Horn region
    • Sites of domestication of animals like cattle in Ethiopia include Laga Oda rock shelter, Lalibela Cave, and Lake Basaqa near Matahara

    Languages and Linguistic Processes

    • Ethiopia and the Horn region are marked by ethnic and linguistic diversity, with approximately 90 languages
    • The languages of the region are classified into two super families: Afro-Asiatic and Nilo-Saharan
    • Afro-Asiatic super family is sub-divided into families including Cushitic, Semitic, and Omotic
    • Cushitic family is grouped into Northern Cushitic, Central Cushitic, Eastern Cushitic, and Southern Cushitic branches
    • Semitic family is divided into North Semitic and South Semitic branches
    • Omotic family includes languages such as Anfillo, Ari, Bambasi, and others

    Queen Elleni and Portuguese Embassy

    • Queen Elleni played an important role in strengthening relations with Portugal
    • In 1508, Portugal sent an ambassador to Christian Ethiopia
    • Around 1512, Queen Elleni sent an Armenian called Mathew to Portugal
    • The Portuguese Embassy led by Rodrigo di Lima, Duwarto Galliba, and Francisco Alvarez reached Ethiopia in 1520 and remained for six years

    Politics, Economy, and Social Processes

    • Conflict between the Christian Kingdom and the Sultanate of Adal was caused by competition for control over trade routes
    • The Imam's army defeated the Christian Kingdom in 1529 at the battle of Shimbra Kure
    • Imam Ahmed's empire stretched from Zeila to Massawa on the coast, including the Ethiopian interior
    • Linguistic and religious interactions accompanied by intermarriages among peoples of various cultural groups occurred in the region
    • Competition for supremacy over the Red Sea and Indian Ocean between Portugal and the Ottoman Turks gave the conflict a global dimension

    Conflict between the Christian Kingdom and the Sultanate of Adal

    • The revival of long-distance trade caused competition and struggle for control over trade routes between the Christian Kingdom and the Muslim principalities
    • The Imam's army fought fiercely and controlled territories including Bali, Dawaro, Fatagar, Sidama, Hadiya, and Kambata

    Gadaa System and Oromo Population Movement

    • The Gadaa system was a system of government among the Oromo people
    • The Gadaa system functioned by cyclical power transfer from one Gadaa class to the next every eight years
    • Women maintained their rights by the Sinqe institution, which helped them form sisterhood and solidarity

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    Description

    This quiz covers the early history of Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa, including the domestication of animals and the use of stone tools in the region.

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