Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does ethics primarily focus on?
What does ethics primarily focus on?
- Cultural traditions
- Personal beliefs about right and wrong
- Emotional responses to situations
- Principles adopted by groups or professions (correct)
Morals are generally influenced by societal norms and external rules.
Morals are generally influenced by societal norms and external rules.
False (B)
What is the main difference in the source of authority between ethics and morals?
What is the main difference in the source of authority between ethics and morals?
Ethics comes from external sources; morals come from personal beliefs.
Ethics is typically derived from _______ sources such as professional codes and societal norms.
Ethics is typically derived from _______ sources such as professional codes and societal norms.
Match the following aspects to either Ethics or Morals:
Match the following aspects to either Ethics or Morals:
What is the first stage of ethical evaluation of an action?
What is the first stage of ethical evaluation of an action?
Ethical standards are consistent across all contexts.
Ethical standards are consistent across all contexts.
What is a profession characterized by?
What is a profession characterized by?
A profession is defined as a job with defined ______.
A profession is defined as a job with defined ______.
Match the following stages of ethical evaluation with their descriptions:
Match the following stages of ethical evaluation with their descriptions:
How many officially defined professions are there in Turkey?
How many officially defined professions are there in Turkey?
Every profession has organizations that ensure the development and recognition of that profession.
Every profession has organizations that ensure the development and recognition of that profession.
Which ethical theory focuses on the consequences of an action to determine its moral value?
Which ethical theory focuses on the consequences of an action to determine its moral value?
Deontological ethics emphasizes the end results of actions rather than the intentions behind them.
Deontological ethics emphasizes the end results of actions rather than the intentions behind them.
What is the ultimate goal typically pursued within teleological ethical theories?
What is the ultimate goal typically pursued within teleological ethical theories?
In deontological ethics, the rightness of an action is determined by fulfilling a __________.
In deontological ethics, the rightness of an action is determined by fulfilling a __________.
Match the following ethical theories with their focus.
Match the following ethical theories with their focus.
What is the primary focus of physical therapy?
What is the primary focus of physical therapy?
Physical therapists are not required to undergo continuing education.
Physical therapists are not required to undergo continuing education.
List one ethical principle that guides the physical therapy profession.
List one ethical principle that guides the physical therapy profession.
The ethics in physical therapy establishes trust between therapists and __________.
The ethics in physical therapy establishes trust between therapists and __________.
Match the ethical principles with their definitions:
Match the ethical principles with their definitions:
What should ethical standards in physical therapy emphasize?
What should ethical standards in physical therapy emphasize?
Morality and law are identical in their structure and enforcement.
Morality and law are identical in their structure and enforcement.
What is the main role of regulation and credentialing in physical therapy?
What is the main role of regulation and credentialing in physical therapy?
Normative ethics focuses on what __________ be rather than what is.
Normative ethics focuses on what __________ be rather than what is.
Which of the following best describes normative ethics?
Which of the following best describes normative ethics?
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Study Notes
Ethics vs Morals
- Ethics: Set of rules, principles, or guidelines for behavior, codified and adopted by a group, profession, or society.
- Morals: Personal beliefs, values, and principles regarding right and wrong, shaped by individual experiences, culture, religion and upbringing.
Ethics Perspective
- Three main bases for ethical evaluation:
- Understanding the person's attitude and action, and defining the action correctly.
- Realization of one's character and its value, considering other action possibilities.
- Establishing the relationship between the value of the action and the value of the human being.
Professional Ethics
- A profession is a type of occupation that requires specialized education, training, and expertise.
- Defined by a formal body of knowledge, a set of skills, and commitment to ethical standards and public service.
- Professionals adhere to a code of conduct or ethics that governs their behavior and ensures accountability.
Physical Therapy
- Focus on personalized care, tailoring treatment plans to individual needs and goals.
- Guided by ethical standards emphasizing patient autonomy, confidentiality, beneficence, and non-maleficence.
- Committed to continuing education and evidence-based practice.
Importance of Ethics in Physical Therapy
- Establishes trust between therapists and patients.
- Ensures high standards of care and professionalism.
- Protects patient rights and upholds the integrity of the profession.
- Provides a framework for decision-making in complex situations.
Professional Ethics
- It is a set of beliefs-based principles and rules about professional conduct, determining what is right and wrong.
Law
- Written orders and prohibitions.
Morality
- Set of rules accepted by society that doesn't have a written mandatory feature.
- Main sanction is conscience, while law has material coercive sanctions applied by the state.
Classification and Theories in Ethics
- Normative Ethics: Provides a theoretical justification of moral principles, ideals and norms.
- Teleological Ethics (Consequentialist): The value of moral action is determined by the result of that action.
- Hedonism: The morality of pleasure.
- Egoism: The morality of selfishness.
- Utilitarianism: The benefit of society, not the individual.
- Deontological Ethics: The rightness or wrongness of a moral action is determined by whether the person fulfills some moral duty or action rules.
- Emphasizes underlying intentions and principles, and the concept of duty.
- Focuses on equality, impartiality, and universalizability.
- Virtue Ethics: Concerned with the good life and what kind of person a person should be.
- Focuses on being a good or virtuous person of character.
- Beliefs, sensitivity, and experience are important in determining one's moral life, not rules and consequences.
- Teleological Ethics (Consequentialist): The value of moral action is determined by the result of that action.
Is There a Universal Moral Law?
- Those who reject the universal moral law:
- Hedonism (the morality of pleasure)
- Egoism (selfish morality)
- Anarchism
- Those who accept the universal moral law:
- Those who explain the moral law on a subjective basis
- Utilitarianism
- Intuitionism
- Those who explain the moral law on an objective basis
- Intuitionism
- Socrates
- Plato
- Farabi
- Those who explain the moral law on a subjective basis
Key figures in ethics
- Teleological Ethics:
- Aristippus
- Epicurus
- T. Hobbes
- J. Bentham
- J.S. Mill
- Deontological Ethics:
- Thomas Aquinas
- Ghazali
- Kant
- Ross
- Virtue Ethics:
- Socrates
- Plato
- Aristotle
- MacIntyre
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