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ESET 222: Annual Solar Energy Output Calculation Quiz

Test your knowledge on calculating the annual solar energy output of a photovoltaic system, considering detailed losses such as inverter losses, temperature losses, cable losses, shading effects, weak radiation losses, and more. Understand how these factors influence the performance ratio of a solar energy system.

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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of a grid-tie inverter in a solar energy system?

To convert DC power from solar panels to AC power for the grid

What characteristic of a high-quality modern grid tie inverter ensures that its output voltage and current are perfectly lined up with the grid?

Fixed unity power factor

Why do grid-tie inverters need to quickly disconnect from the grid during a utility blackout?

To protect line workers fixing the power grid

How does a grid-tie inverter synchronize its frequency with that of the grid?

<p>Using a local oscillator</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a solar energy system, what happens if the alternative power being produced is insufficient?

<p>The deficit will be sourced from the electricity grid</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cables are used to connect one solar panel to another?

<p>Inter-Module cables</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cables are used to connect a solar PV system to an electric junction box?

<p>Output cables</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component is responsible for converting DC electricity into AC electricity to feed it into an existing electrical grid?

<p>Grid-tie inverter (GTI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of connecting all batteries in a battery bank with large high-quality cables?

<p>To allow full current flow to the loads and charging current flow through the battery bank</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to wire distances for a 24-volt solar system based on the provided wire chart for a 12-volt system?

<p>Multiply distances by 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using correct wire sizes in a Solar Energy System?

<p>To ensure low loss of energy and prevent overheating or fire</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are large wires required for connecting the Power Inverter in a Solar Energy System?

<p>To handle the considerable amps drawn by the Power Inverter</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered when connecting batteries in a Solar Energy System?

<p>Using large cables similar to car battery cables</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it recommended that wires connecting the Power Inverter to batteries not exceed 6 feet in length?

<p>To prevent energy loss and overheating</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using grid-tie inverters for connecting to the AC grid in a Solar Energy System?

<p>To enable selling excess energy back to the grid</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the technical name for a grid-tie inverter?

<p>Grid-interactive converter</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can grid-interactive inverters be used in standalone applications without utility power available?

<p>No, they require utility power to function</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'net metering' in the context of a grid-tied electrical system?

<p>A method where the utility compensates for the power outflow to the grid</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are producers compensated under a feed-in tariff policy?

<p>By receiving a fixed payment for each kilowatt-hour delivered to the grid</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of inverters in a solar energy system connected to the grid?

<p>To convert DC power from solar panels into AC power for grid connection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of connectors are commonly used in most of today's PV modules, known to be good for 30 Amps?

<p>MC4 connectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a PV module, where do the positive and negative leads from the solar cell string terminate?

<p>In a junction box</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a combiner box in a solar energy system?

<p>Voltage drop minimization</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of connectors are typically attached to the wires extending from the junction box in a PV module?

<p>MC4 connectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the wires of a PV array connected in a combiner box?

<p>To a power distribution block</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common range for inverter losses in a photovoltaic system?

<p>4% to 10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component contributes the most to losses due to shading in a photovoltaic system?

<p>Shadings</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a microFIT Contract in the context of renewable energy projects?

<p>Formalizing commercial agreements</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many solar panels would be needed for a home consuming 800 kWh per month based on the provided information?

<p>27 solar panels</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the reduction of PV system losses by up to 23% imply for the actual energy output of a photovoltaic system?

<p>Increase in energy output</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor causes the current to increase in wiring when the voltage decreases over distance?

<p>Resistance of the wire</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a solar energy system, why is it recommended to purchase solar panels in even numbers?

<p>To make it easier to wire pairs in series</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes a fatter cable more suitable for wiring in a solar energy system?

<p>Lower resistance per meter length</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of the wire determines its resistance in a solar energy system?

<p>Cross sectional area of the wire</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for considering the type of wire to use in a solar energy system?

<p>To minimize resistance in the wiring</p> Signup and view all the answers

When connecting cables to solar panels, what should be taken into consideration regarding resistance?

<p>The length and thickness of the cables</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of electrical systems, why is it important for cables to have low resistance?

<p>To minimize power loss and ensure efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

When considering wiring in a solar energy system, what does 'proportional to length and inversely proportional to cross sectional area' refer to?

<p>The relationship between cable resistance and physical dimensions</p> Signup and view all the answers

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