Escherichia and Vibrio Bacteria Quiz

Gram-negative bacteria that possess a helical shape and are capable of twisting or contorting their form.

A specialized flagellum, located between the outer membrane and peptidoglycan layer of spirochetes, that aids in motility.

The inability to be readily observed under a light microscope, even with Gram staining, due to their thinness.

A pathogenic spirochete responsible for syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection.

The ability to survive and thrive in environments with minimal oxygen, but not requiring complete absence of oxygen.

The primary manifestation of syphilis, often characterized by a painless ulcer.

One of the stages of syphilis, characterized by widespread rashes, often involving the palms and soles.

A stage of syphilis with few noticeable symptoms, representing a period of latency after the initial infection.

A type of bacteria commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals, including humans. Most E. coli strains are harmless and contribute to gut health by producing vitamin K2.

A serotype of E. coli that can cause severe food poisoning in humans. These strains are distinct from the harmless strains that are part of the normal gut flora.

A term used to describe the spread of bacteria from feces to the mouth, often through contaminated food or water.

A bacterium commonly found in the human gastrointestinal tract that doesn't typically cause disease in healthy individuals.

A bacterium that can cause infections in hospitals, especially in patients with weakened immune systems.

A bacterium that can cause infections in the urinary tract (UTIs) and respiratory tract. It has also been studied for its potential in bioremediation and plant disease control.

Gram-negative bacteria that are rod-shaped and don't form spores. They are commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals.

A type of bacteria that can use oxygen but can also survive without it. This means they can thrive in various environments.

A type of E. coli that causes diarrhea in infants, particularly in developing countries. It doesn't invade the gut lining, but releases toxins that cause watery stools.

A E. coli strain that binds tightly to the intestinal lining, causing damage and diarrhea. It doesn't produce toxins but causes direct damage.

A E. coli strain that invades the gut lining, causing symptoms similar to shigellosis (bloody diarrhea, fever).

A E. coli strain that produces a toxin that causes severe diarrhea and can lead to kidney failure (hemolytic uremic syndrome). It's a serious foodborne pathogen.

A type of bacteria, often found in feces, that is used as an indicator of fecal contamination in water. Its presence suggests other potentially harmful bacteria may be present.

The normal population of microbes that live in our bodies, such as E. coli in the gut, that usually don't cause harm. They can even be beneficial.

A bacterial genus characterized by curved, helical-shaped cells, motility via polar flagella, and microaerophilic growth. They are often found in animal feces and are a major cause of food poisoning.

The primary species of Campylobacter causing food poisoning in humans. It is a common contaminant of poultry.

An infection caused by Campylobacter species, commonly resulting in diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever.

A serious neurological disorder that can occur as a complication of Campylobacteriosis. It causes a progressive paralysis of the limbs.

A toxin produced by C. jejuni that contributes to the watery diarrhea characteristic of Campylobacteriosis.

The phase of leptospirosis characterized by liver damage, jaundice, and kidney failure.

A bacterial genus characterized by rigid, rod-shaped or spherical cells, aerobic or microaerophilic growth, and a lack of carbohydrate utilization.

Non-spore forming, Gram-negative bacteria that are commonly found in the reproductive organs, intestinal tract, and oral cavity of humans and animals.

A severe, generalized infection where bacteria circulate through the bloodstream and can affect any organ in the body.

A deadly plague that spreads through the air, making it extremely contagious.

A type of plague characterized by swollen lymph nodes, called buboes.

Bacteria that use organic substances for energy and can survive with or without oxygen.

A type of bacteria that causes illnesses like typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, and foodborne illness.

One of the ways Salmonella spreads, often through contaminated food or water.

The ability of Salmonella to survive for weeks outside a living body, making it difficult to eliminate.

The vulnerability of infants and young children to Salmonella infection, even in small numbers.

A curved, rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacterium often found in brackish saltwater that causes gastrointestinal illness in humans when ingested. It typically affects people after consuming raw or undercooked seafood, especially oysters.

A large and diverse family of Gram-negative bacteria known as Proteobacteria that includes both harmful pathogens like Haemophilus Influenzae and commensals that live in the mucosal surfaces of animals and humans.

A type of bacteria that normally resides in the host without causing harm, but takes advantage of weakened immune systems or other factors to cause disease.

A specific type of bacteria belonging to the Family Pasteurellaceae that is known for causing various infections in humans, including ear infections, eye infections, and sinusitis, particularly in children.

A common cause of gastrointestinal illness often associated with consuming raw or undercooked shellfish, particularly oysters.

A common symptom of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection characterized by the sudden onset of watery diarrhea, often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and sometimes fever.

The time between initial exposure to Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria and the appearance of symptoms, typically around 24 hours.

The transmission of bacteria from an infected person's feces to the mouth, often through contaminated food or water.