Era of Good Feelings and Market Revolution

Era of Good Feelings/Market Revolution

American System: Economic plan promoting national growth through infrastructure, tariffs, and a national bank. Key figures involved include Henry Clay.
Henry Clay: A key political figure and advocate for the American System.
James Monroe: President during the "Era of Good Feelings," notable for the Monroe Doctrine.
John Quincy Adams: Sixth President of the United States; involved in foreign policy decisions.
Anglo-American Accords: Agreements resolving boundary disputes between the US and Britain.
Monroe Doctrine: Policy asserting US opposition to European colonization in the Americas.
Missouri Compromise: Settlement addressing the issue of slavery's expansion into new territories.
Infrastructure: National improvements in roads, canals (like the Erie Canal), and bridges fostered national unity.
Erie Canal: A major canal connecting the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean.
National Road: An important overland route for travel and trade.
The Talmadge Amendment: Proposed amendment to restrict the spread of slavery into Missouri.
Second Great Awakening: Religious revival emphasizing personal conversion and social reform.
The Lowell Mills: Early textile factories in Lowell, Massachusetts, significantly impacting industrialization.
Robert Fulton: Inventor of the steamboat, greatly improved transportation.
Eli Whitney: Invented the cotton gin, which revolutionized cotton production and slavery.
Cotton Gin: Machine that separated cotton seeds from fibers, increasing cotton production significantly.
Market Revolution: Transformation of the US economy from agrarian to industrial, driven by new inventions and infrastructure.

Jacksonian Era

Nullification Crisis: Political struggle centered on states' rights to void federal laws.
Force Bill: Legislation authorizing the use of military force to enforce federal laws.
Trail of Tears: Forced removal of Native American tribes from their ancestral lands.
John Marshall: Chief Justice of the Supreme Court during the early 19th century, shaped legal interpretation.
Jacksonian Democracy: Political philosophy emphasizing increased participation by the common man in politics.
John C. Calhoun: Prominent Southern politician, advocated for states' rights.
The Bank War: Political conflict over the rechartering of the Second Bank of the United States.
Whigs: Political party opposing Jacksonian Democrats.
Democrats: Political party supporting Jackson's policies.
Worcester v. Georgia: Supreme Court case affirming Native American sovereignty.
Tariff Compromise: Agreement resolving the issue of tariffs and related conflicts.

Manifest Destiny

James K. Polk: 11th President, championed westward expansion.
The Oregon Trail: Important route for westward migration.
Mormon exodus: Migration of Mormons west to Utah.
Zachary Taylor: 12th President, involved in the Mexican-American War.
Mexican Cession: Territory acquired from Mexico after the Mexican-American War.
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo: Treaty ending the Mexican-American War and establishing US-Mexico borders.
54-40 or Fight: Slogan referring to the US claim to the entire Oregon Territory.
The Alamo: Site of a key battle in the Texas Revolution.
Manifest Destiny: Belief that the US was destined to expand its territory and influence across North America.
John O'Sullivan: Journalist who coined the term "Manifest Destiny."
Henry David Thoreau: Transcendentalist writer and philosopher.
On Civil Disobedience: Thoreau's essay advocating for civil disobedience against unjust laws.
Transcendentalism: Philosophical movement emphasizing individualism, intuition, and nature.
Grimke Sisters: Female abolitionists and advocates for women's rights.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton: Leader in the women's rights movement.
Seneca Falls Convention: 1848 convention advocating for women's rights.
Declaration of Sentiments: Document at the Seneca Falls Convention outlining women's grievances.

Sectionalism

Wilmot Proviso: Proposed amendment to prevent slavery from expanding into newly acquired territories.
Dred Scott v. Sanford: Supreme Court decision denying citizenship to enslaved people and limiting Congress' power to regulate slavery.
William Lloyd Garrison: Abolitionist leader who published "The Liberator".
The Liberator: Abolitionist newspaper founded by William Lloyd Garrison.
The American Anti-Slavery Society: Organization advocating for the abolition of slavery.
Compromise of 1850: Series of laws addressing slavery's expansion into new territories.
Kansas-Nebraska Act: Legislation allowing popular sovereignty to decide the issue of slavery in these territories.
Fugitive Slave Law: Law requiring the return of runaway enslaved people.
Bleeding Kansas: Violence and conflict over the issue of slavery in Kansas Territory.
John Brown: Abolitionist who used violence to fight slavery.
Brooks and Sumner Incident: Assault in the Senate reflecting the sectional tensions.
Harriet Beecher Stowe: Author of "Uncle Tom's Cabin," a novel depicting the evils of slavery.
Popular Sovereignty: Political doctrine permitting residents of a territory to decide on slavery issues.
Frederick Douglass: Prominent African American abolitionist and orator.
William Seward: US Secretary of State, worked on diplomatic and foreign policy matters.
Lincoln-Douglas Debates: Series of debates between Lincoln and Douglas on the issue of slavery highlighted during the 1858 Illinois senatorial campaign.
Quantrill: Confederate guerilla leader in Missouri during the Civil War.
Free Soil Party: Anti-slavery political party.
Gradualism: Approach to abolition advocating for a phased elimination of slavery.
Abolitionism: Movement advocating for the immediate end of slavery.
Uncle Tom's Cabin: Novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe that helped galvanize abolitionist sentiment.

Civil War

Fort Sumter: Site of the first shots of the Civil War.
Battle of Gettysburg: Major Union victory turning point of the Civil War.
The 54th Massachusetts: Famous regiment of African American soldiers.
Jefferson Davis: President of the Confederate States of America.
Sherman's March to the Sea: Union military campaign across Georgia.
U.S. Grant: Union General, crucial to winning the war.
Battle of Vicksburg: Union victory giving them control of the Mississippi River.
Robert E. Lee: Confederate General.
Appomattox Court House: Site of Lee's surrender to Grant.
Gettysburg Address: Lincoln's speech honoring the fallen soldiers.
John Wilkes Booth: Assassinated President Lincoln.
Abraham Lincoln: 16th President of the United States, leading the Union to victory.
Anaconda Plan: Union strategy to blockade Southern ports and control the Mississippi River.